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{{Short description|Highland Scottish clan}}{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2015}}
[[File:Calder of Calder arms.svg|thumb|200px|[[Coat of arms]] of the last chief of clan Calder, The Calder of Calder]]
{{Use British English|date=July 2015}}
{{Infobox clan
| clan name =Clan Calder
| native_name =
| image badge =
| image_size =
| alt =
| chiefs crest =
| badge_caption =
| chiefs motto =Be Mindful<ref>[http://www.scotclans.com/scottish-clans/clan-calder/ Clan Calder Profile] scotclans.com. Retrieved 13 September 2014.</ref>
| chiefs slogan =
| war cry =
| country =
| region =[[Scottish Highlands]]
| district =[[Inverness]]
| ancestry =
| ethnicity =
| plant badge =
| animal =
| pipe music =
| chiefs name =
| image arms =Calder of Calder arms.svg
| chiefs title =
| chiefs gaelic title =
| seat =
| historic seat =[[Cawdor Castle]]<ref name="Coventry"/>
| septs =
| branches =Calder of Cawdor (historic chiefs)<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Calder"/><br>Calder of Asswanly (senior cadets)<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Calder"/><br>See also:[[Calder baronets]]
| Allied clans = [[Clan Rose]]
| Rival clans =[[Clan Campbell]]<br>[[Clan Campbell of Cawdor]]<br>Clan Rait
| kindreds =
| titles =[[Thane of Calder]]
<!-- the following information is for clans without a current chief -->
| last chiefs name =
| date of death of last chief =
| commander =
}}
'''Clan Calder''' is a Highland [[Scottish clan]].<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Calder">Way, George and Squire, Romily. (1994). ''Collins Scottish Clan & Family Encyclopedia''. (Foreword by The Rt Hon. The Earl of Elgin KT, Convenor, The [[Standing Council of Scottish Chiefs]]). pp. 369.</ref> The clan is recognised by the [[Lord Lyon King of Arms]] but as it does not currently have a [[Scottish clan chief|clan chief]] it is therefore considered an [[armigerous clan]].<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Calder"/>


⚫
==History==
[[File:Scot1975Nairn.png|thumb|200px|right|Map of Scotland showing the district of [[Nairn (boundaries)|Nairn]], where the Calders lived.]]
===Origins of the Clan===
The name 'Calder' is thought to come from the early [[Common Brittonic]], meaning 'hard or violent water' (the modern Welsh word for hard is "caled"),<ref>{{Citation | contribution = Calder | year = 2010 | title = The Cambridge Dictionary of English Place-Names | editor-last = Watts | editor-first = Victor | publisher = Cambridge University Press }}</ref> or possibly 'stony river'.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kirklees-ednet.org.uk/subjects/geog/resources/calderweb/fact.htm |title=Fact File |publisher=www.kirklees-ednet.org.uk |access-date=2009-09-23 }}</ref> It is found as a place name throughout Scotland.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Calder"/> For example, [[East Calder]] and [[West Calder]] that are both near [[Edinburgh]], and also [[Calderwood, East Kilbride|Calderwood]] near [[Glasgow]].<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Calder"/>


Historian [[William Anderson (Scottish writer)|William Anderson]] asserted that the name came to prominence in [[Scotland]] through a French knight called Hugo de Cadella, who was created [[Thane of Calder]], later known as Cawdor.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Calder"/> The historian George Fraser Black lists Hugo de Kaledouer as a witness to a charter of land near [[Montrose, Angus|Montrose]] in around 1178.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Calder"/> However, the name arose around [[Inverness]] where the Calders were great nobles with considerable lands from the fourteenth century onwards.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Calder"/> The third Calder, Thane of Cawdor was however murdered by Sir Alexander Rait of nearby [[Rait Castle]].<ref name="Coventry"/>
'''Clan Calder''' is a Highland [[Scottish clan]]. The clan does not currently have a [[Scottish clan chief|chief]] therefore it is considered am [[Armigerous clan]].


==Origins of the Clan==
===15th and 16th centuries===
{{main|Battle of Daltullich}}
The substantial tower that stands at the heart of [[Cawdor Castle]] was built by the Calders in about 1454.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Calder"/> The Calders inter-married with other local families such as the powerful chiefs of [[Clan Rose]], Barons of Kilravock.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Calder"/> The Calder's ascendency however came to an end when [[Archibald Campbell, 2nd Earl of Argyll]] and chief of [[Clan Campbell]] was, along with Hugh Rose of Kilravock, appointed guardian to the infant Muriel Calder who was the female heir to the Calder family.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Calder"/> Campbell was determined to remove the child to [[Inveraray Castle|Inveraray]] so that she could be educated as part of his family.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Calder"/> However, he was opposed by Murial's uncles, Alexander and Hugh Calder, who pursued the child and her Campbell escort into [[Strathnairn]].<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Calder"/> The girl was safely delivered to Inverary but not without considerable loss of life:<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Calder"/> Campbell of Inverliver who led the kidnapping lost all six of his sons in the fighting as the Calders gave chase to recover the girl.<ref name="Coventry">Coventry, Martin. (2008). ''Castles of the Clans: The Strongholds and Seats of 750 Scottish Families and Clans''. pp. 72 - 73. {{ISBN|978-1-899874-36-1}}.</ref> Murial was the last of the Calder chief's family in the direct line.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Calder"/> She was brought up as a Campbell and married Sir John Campbell, son of the Earl of Argyll.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Calder"/> Murial died in about 1575 but her descendant, John Campbell of Cawdor, was raised to the peerage as Lord Cawdor in 1796, and his son was created the first [[Earl Cawdor]] in 1827.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Calder"/> The present Earl Cawdor still lives in Cawdor Castle, seat of his Calder ancestors.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Calder"/>


The name of Calder did not disappear and the Calders of Asswanly received lands near [[Elgin, Moray|Elgin]] in 1440.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Calder"/> In 1686 this family obtained a [[List of baronetcies in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia|baronetcy of Nova Scotia]].<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Calder"/> The most notable member of this branch of the clan was [[Robert Calder]] who saw substantial service in the [[Napoleonic Wars]].<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Calder"/>
The name Calder is believed to derive from the Scottish name for a small stream. Hugh de Cadella, a French knight was created [[Thane of Calder]], later to be known as [[Cawdor]] in [[Nairnshire|Nairn]], [[Scotland]]. Hugh de Kaledouer was a witness to a charter of land near [[Montrose, Angus|Montrose]] in around 1178.


===Modern history===
⚫
==History==


During [[World War II]] Sir James Calder was an advisor to the Ministry of Supply.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Calder"/> Calders are still found around Inverness today, for example Douglas Calder was President of the [[Royal Incorporation of Architects in Scotland]] and was also appointed director of planning for the newly created Highland Region in 1974.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.Calder"/>
The Calders were great nobles and held lands around the city of [[Inverness]] from the 14th century onwards. The tower that stands at the center of [[Cawdor Castle]] was built by the Calders in around 1454.


==Castles==
The Calders married into other local families particularly the [[Clan Rose]] who were Barons of [[Kilravock]].
[[File:Cawdor Castle.jpg|thumb|right|[[Cawdor Castle]], historic seat of the chiefs of Clan Calder.]]

*[[Cawdor Castle]], five miles south-west of [[Nairn]].<ref name="Coventry"/> Much of the present castle was built by the Calders, with a large keep of four storeys that dates from the fourteenth century, and a courtyard enclosing ranges of buildings.<ref name="Coventry"/> The castle is reached by a drawbridge across a ditch.<ref name="Coventry"/>
Unfortunately their ascendancy came to an end when Archibald [[Clan Campbell|Campbell]], [[Earl of Argyll]] was along with Hugh [[Clan Rose|Rose]] of Kilravock appointed guardians to the infant female heir of the Calder family. Campbell tried to take the infant female to [[Inverary]] to be educated. This was opposed by her uncles Alexander and Hugh Calder who chased them to [[Strathnarin]] but after considerable loss of life she was safely delivered to Inverary. She was brought up as a Campbell and married Sir John Campbell of Argyll. {{Clarifyme|date=February 2009}}
*[[Nairn|Nairn Castle]] dated from the twelfth century and was built by [[William the Lion]].<ref name="Coventry"/> The keepers of the castle were the Calders as Thanes of Cawdor.<ref name="Coventry"/> The castle is another traditional place where [[Duncan I of Scotland|Duncan]] was killed by [[Macbeth, King of Scotland|Macbeth]].<ref name="Coventry"/>

*[[Asloun Castle]], two miles south-west of [[Alford, Aberdeenshire]], was a Z-plan tower house of the sixteenth century but little remains.<ref name="Coventry"/> It was held by the Calders before passing to the [[Clan Forbes]].<ref name="Coventry"/>
Muriel the last of the Calders died around 1575 but her descendent John Campbell of Cawdor was raised to the peerage as Lord Cawdor in 1796, and his son was created first [[Earl of Cawdor]] in 1827. The name Calder did not die out, however, and the '''Calders of Asswanly''' received lands near Elgin in 1440. Margaret Calder the daughter of Sir William Calder of Calder married [[John Munro, 11th Baron of Foulis]], Chief of the [[Clan Munro]]. The Calders of Asswanly received a [[Calder Baronets|baronetcy]] of Nova Scotia in 1686.
*Aswanley House, seven miles west of [[Huntly]], was held by the Calders from 1440 and was sold in 1768 to the [[Clan MacDuff|Duffs]] of Braco because of debt.<ref name="Coventry"/>


==See also==
==See also==
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*[[Armigerous clan]]
*[[Armigerous clan]]
*[[Scottish clan]]
*[[Scottish clan]]

==References==
{{reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
*[http://www.myclan.com/clans/Calder_173/default.php http://www.myclan.com/clans/Calder_173/default.php]
*[http://www.scotclans.com/scottish-clans/clan-calder/ Clan Calder at ScotClans.com]


{{Scottish clans}}
{{Scottish clans|state=expanded}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Calder}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Calder}}
[[Category:Scottish clans]]
[[Category:Scottish clans]]
[[Category:Armigerous clans]]
[[Category:Armigerous clans]]

[[sco:Clan Calder]]

Latest revision as of 13:14, 23 March 2024

Clan Calder
MottoBe Mindful[1]
Profile
RegionScottish Highlands
DistrictInverness
Clan Calder no longer has a chief, and is an armigerous clan
Historic seatCawdor Castle[2]
Clan branches
Calder of Cawdor (historic chiefs)[3]
Calder of Asswanly (senior cadets)[3]
See also:Calder baronets
Allied clans
Rival clans
Titles

Clan Calder is a Highland Scottish clan.[3] The clan is recognised by the Lord Lyon King of Arms but as it does not currently have a clan chief it is therefore considered an armigerous clan.[3]

History[edit]

Origins of the Clan[edit]

The name 'Calder' is thought to come from the early Common Brittonic, meaning 'hard or violent water' (the modern Welsh word for hard is "caled"),[4] or possibly 'stony river'.[5] It is found as a place name throughout Scotland.[3] For example, East Calder and West Calder that are both near Edinburgh, and also Calderwood near Glasgow.[3]

Historian William Anderson asserted that the name came to prominence in Scotland through a French knight called Hugo de Cadella, who was created Thane of Calder, later known as Cawdor.[3] The historian George Fraser Black lists Hugo de Kaledouer as a witness to a charter of land near Montrose in around 1178.[3] However, the name arose around Inverness where the Calders were great nobles with considerable lands from the fourteenth century onwards.[3] The third Calder, Thane of Cawdor was however murdered by Sir Alexander Rait of nearby Rait Castle.[2]

15th and 16th centuries[edit]

Main article: Battle of Daltullich

The substantial tower that stands at the heart of Cawdor Castle was built by the Calders in about 1454.[3] The Calders inter-married with other local families such as the powerful chiefs of Clan Rose, Barons of Kilravock.[3] The Calder's ascendency however came to an end when Archibald Campbell, 2nd Earl of Argyll and chief of Clan Campbell was, along with Hugh Rose of Kilravock, appointed guardian to the infant Muriel Calder who was the female heir to the Calder family.[3] Campbell was determined to remove the child to Inveraray so that she could be educated as part of his family.[3] However, he was opposed by Murial's uncles, Alexander and Hugh Calder, who pursued the child and her Campbell escort into Strathnairn.[3] The girl was safely delivered to Inverary but not without considerable loss of life:[3] Campbell of Inverliver who led the kidnapping lost all six of his sons in the fighting as the Calders gave chase to recover the girl.[2] Murial was the last of the Calder chief's family in the direct line.[3] She was brought up as a Campbell and married Sir John Campbell, son of the Earl of Argyll.[3] Murial died in about 1575 but her descendant, John Campbell of Cawdor, was raised to the peerage as Lord Cawdor in 1796, and his son was created the first Earl Cawdor in 1827.[3] The present Earl Cawdor still lives in Cawdor Castle, seat of his Calder ancestors.[3]

The name of Calder did not disappear and the Calders of Asswanly received lands near Elgin in 1440.[3] In 1686 this family obtained a baronetcy of Nova Scotia.[3] The most notable member of this branch of the clan was Robert Calder who saw substantial service in the Napoleonic Wars.[3]

Modern history[edit]

During World War II Sir James Calder was an advisor to the Ministry of Supply.[3] Calders are still found around Inverness today, for example Douglas Calder was President of the Royal Incorporation of Architects in Scotland and was also appointed director of planning for the newly created Highland Region in 1974.[3]

Castles[edit]

Cawdor Castle, historic seat of the chiefs of Clan Calder.
  • Cawdor Castle, five miles south-west of Nairn.[2] Much of the present castle was built by the Calders, with a large keep of four storeys that dates from the fourteenth century, and a courtyard enclosing ranges of buildings.[2] The castle is reached by a drawbridge across a ditch.[2]
  • Nairn Castle dated from the twelfth century and was built by William the Lion.[2] The keepers of the castle were the Calders as Thanes of Cawdor.[2] The castle is another traditional place where Duncan was killed by Macbeth.[2]
  • Asloun Castle, two miles south-west of Alford, Aberdeenshire, was a Z-plan tower house of the sixteenth century but little remains.[2] It was held by the Calders before passing to the Clan Forbes.[2]
  • Aswanley House, seven miles west of Huntly, was held by the Calders from 1440 and was sold in 1768 to the Duffs of Braco because of debt.[2]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Clan Calder Profile scotclans.com. Retrieved 13 September 2014.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Coventry, Martin. (2008). Castles of the Clans: The Strongholds and Seats of 750 Scottish Families and Clans. pp. 72 - 73. ISBN 978-1-899874-36-1.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x Way, George and Squire, Romily. (1994). Collins Scottish Clan & Family Encyclopedia. (Foreword by The Rt Hon. The Earl of Elgin KT, Convenor, The Standing Council of Scottish Chiefs). pp. 369.
  4. ^ Watts, Victor, ed. (2010), "Calder", The Cambridge Dictionary of English Place-Names, Cambridge University Press
  5. ^ "Fact File". www.kirklees-ednet.org.uk. Retrieved 23 September 2009.

External links[edit]

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clan_Calder&oldid=1215156177"