The origins of the Sutherland clan date back to the 12th century when some Flemish and Norman nobles settled in Scotland on the recruitment of King David I of Scotland. The progenitor of the clan, as in the male branch line of the Murray clan , is Freskin de Moravia , the great-grandfather of the first Earl of Sutherland ( William de Moravia, 1st Earl of Sutherland , † around 1284). In the following centuries the clan was involved in many wars and warlike clan feuds. Particular mention should be made of the participation in the Scottish Wars of Independence (1296-1357) and the conflict with the neighboring MacKay clan , which culminated in the Battle of Drumnacoub ( Battle of Drumnacoub ) on Ben Loyal , not far from Tongue , in 1431 . The eventful history of the important Sutherland clan also ended with the military, economic and legal destruction of the clan system as a result of the devastating defeat in the Battle of Culloden (1746), the end of the Jacobite uprisings .
Chiefs
The Chief of Clan Sutherland has always been Earl of Sutherland around 1235 and, unlike many other Scottish Clan Chiefs, is not forced to bear the name Sutherland. The first earls came from the de Moravia family , although a younger branch of the family had already adopted the name Sutherland . The earldom was in the early 16th century by marrying the younger son of the chief of Clan Gordon over.
This line of the Gordon family finally took the name "Sutherland" in 1719. In 1833, the Earls of Sutherland also received the title Duke of Sutherland , which in 1963 fell to a related branch line.
Castles
Dunrobin Castle is the seat of the Earl of Sutherland and chief of the Sutherland clan.
The Keiths referred to here are part of the Sutherland clan, but actually a branch of the Keith of Aberdeenshire clan , who are resident in Sutherland and Caithness.
The chiefs of the clans Sutherland and Murray of Atholl have the same progenitor in the male line. The last name of both families was originally de Moravia , which is a Latinization of of Moray or of Murray showed. Accordingly, in the far north there were some people called "Murray" who were part of the Sutherland clan.
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