Adolf Wagner (Gauleiter)

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Adolf Wagner next to Adolf Hitler on the KdF flagship Robert Ley , 1939

Adolf Wagner (born October 1, 1890 in Algringen , Lorraine , † April 12, 1944 in Bad Reichenhall ) was NSDAP Gauleiter in the Munich-Upper Bavaria district , Bavarian minister and SA upper group leader.

Life

Wagner attended secondary schools in Metz and Pforzheim and was a one-year volunteer in Strasbourg in 1909/10 . He studied science and mathematics at the University of Strasbourg until 1911 , then dropped out and studied mining at RWTH Aachen University until the outbreak of war (1914) . Since 1912 he was a member of the Aachen fraternity of Teutonia .

During the First World War , Wagner was a reserve officer, among other things, a company commander and an orderly officer . He was wounded several times and received various war awards.

Between 1919 and 1929 Wagner was director of various mining companies in the Upper Palatinate and Austria until he subsequently became a publisher . In 1923 he joined the NSDAP . He took part in the failed Hitler-Ludendorff putsch . In 1924 he was elected to the Bavarian state parliament for the Völkischer Block , a replacement organization of the banned NSDAP . In 1928 he was appointed head of the NSDAP Gau Oberpfalz and from 1929 was also given supervision over the Gau Greater Munich . After the merging of the Gaue Groß-München and Oberbayern in the Gau Munich-Oberbayern in November 1930, Wagner became its Gauleiter. From November 1933 he was a member of the Reichstag, which had meanwhile become insignificant in parliament .

In Bavaria he became state commissioner and provisional interior minister in March 1933 , provisional interior minister and deputy prime minister in April 1933 and Bavarian minister of education in December 1936 . On his initiative as Minister of the Interior and in cooperation with the Acting Police President of Munich, Heinrich Himmler , the Dachau concentration camp was built in March 1933 for primarily communist and social democratic prisoners , in which 200,000 people were imprisoned between 1933 and 1945. The so-called protective custody was carried out in his area of ​​office on his instructions in the broadest possible interpretation of the corresponding decree.

In Rudolf Hess's staff , Wagner was the representative for the “rebuilding of the empire”. At the beginning of the war he was the only Gauleiter to be appointed Reich Defense Commissioner in two military districts (Munich and Nuremberg).

From 1937 to 1944 he lived in the Kaulbach Villa in Munich's Maxvorstadt, which he acquired as his official residence .

Wagner had a well-founded reputation for being a particularly malicious anti-Semite . The repression he was responsible for against the Jewish minority exceeded the standard under National Socialist conditions, both in the setting of norms, as he himself carried out, and in the implementation of central imperial regulations.

In June 1942 Wagner suffered a stroke , could no longer exercise his office, did not recover and died on April 12, 1944.

Adolf Wagner was deprived of the cities of Bad Reichenhall (revoked on January 4, 1946), Erbendorf and Aichach ( revoked on November 6, 1945), the municipality of Tutzing (revoked on February 9, 2009), the municipality of Mittenwald (revoked on May 23 2017 by municipal council resolution), the city of Neunburg vorm Wald (expired after death) and von Schwandorf (revoked on February 23, 1948) with honorary citizenship .

literature

  • Helge Dvorak: Biographical Lexicon of the German Burschenschaft. Volume 1: Politicians. Part 6: T - Z. Winter, Heidelberg 2005, ISBN 3-8253-5063-0 , pp. 181-183.
  • Peter Hüttenberger : The Gauleiter. Study on the change of the power structure in the NSDAP (= series of the quarterly books for contemporary history. Vol. 19, ISSN  0506-9408 ). Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, Stuttgart 1969 (at the same time: Bonn, University, dissertation, 1966).
  • Winfried Müller: Gauleiter as Minister. The Gauleiter Hans Schemm, Adolf Wagner, Paul Giesler and the Bavarian State Ministry for Education and Culture 1933–1945. In: Journal for Bavarian State History. Vol. 60, 1997, ISSN  0044-2364 , pp. 973-1021.
  • Christian Pöllath: National Socialism in Erbendorf. The political beginnings of Gauleiter Adolf Wagner. 2nd, revised edition. Bodner, Pressath 2006, ISBN 3-937117-40-7 (At the same time: Regensburg, University, approval thesis for high school teaching in Bavaria).
  • Erich Stockhorst: 5000 people. Who was what in the 3rd Reich . Arndt, Kiel 2000, ISBN 3-88741-116-1 (unchanged reprint of the first edition from 1967).
  • Robert Wistrich : Who was who in the Third Reich? A biographical lexicon. Followers, followers, opponents from politics, economy, military, art and science (= Fischer Taschenbücher 4373). Revised and expanded by Hermann Weiß . Fischer-Taschenbuch-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1987, ISBN 3-596-24373-4 .
  • Walter Ziegler : Bavaria in the Nazi state 1933 to 1945. In: Max Spindler (founder), Alois Schmid (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian history. Volume 4: The new Bavaria. Volume 1: State and Politics. 2nd, completely revised edition. ISBN 3-406-50451-5 , pp. 499-634.

Web links

Commons : Adolf Wagner  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Information from the Bavarian State Center for Civic Education, based on: Teachers' handout for preparing a visit to the Dachau Concentration Camp Memorial ( Memento from December 20, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) (Word document)
  2. ^ Website of the City of Munich / Munich in the Third Reich (PDF; 199 kB).
  3. Reinhold Willfurth: The blemish in the list of honorary citizens , Mittelbayerische Zeitung , September 19, 2014.