Arthur Harden

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Arthur Harden, 1929

Sir Arthur Harden (born October 12, 1865 in Manchester , † June 17, 1940 in Bourne End, London ) was a British chemist . In 1929, Harden and Hans Karl August Simon von Euler-Chelpin received the Nobel Prize for Chemistry “for their research on sugar fermentation and the role of enzymes in this process”.

Life

Harden studied from 1882 at Owens College ( University of Manchester ) Chemicals and after graduation in 1885 at the University of Erlangen , where in 1888 he Otto Fischer with work About the β-nitroso-α-naphthylamine doctorate was. Then he was a lecturer at Owens College. Arthur Harden worked at the Jenner Institute of Preventive Medicine , later Lister Institute , from 1897 , initially as head of the chemical department, from 1905 as head of the chemical and biochemical department. In 1912 he was also given a professorship in biochemistry at the University of London. In 1930 he retired, but remained scientifically active.

He dealt first with the metabolism of E. coli and then with alcoholic fermentation. With his student William John Young , he investigated enzymes in cell-free yeast solution (obtained using the Eduard Buchner method ), identified zymase and a phosphate-containing co-ferment, called cozymase by them. Both components only worked together. Both then examined the function of phosphates in fermentation. In doing so, they discovered sugar phosphates (such as the Harden Young Esters) and phosphorylation, which was soon recognized as an important principle in biochemistry .

Harden was a member of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina from 1932 . He was a Fellow of the Royal Society and received the Davy Medal in 1935 . On February 19, 1936 he was knighted as a Knight Bachelor ("Sir").

The moon crater Harden is named after him.

Fonts

  • A New View of the Genesis of Dalton's Atomic Theory (1896)
  • Alcoholic Fermentation (1932)

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ biographical data, publications and Academic pedigree of Arthur Harden at academictree.org, accessed on February 8 2018th
  2. ↑ member entry by Sir Arthur Harden at the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina , accessed on April 11, 2015.
  3. ↑ Knights and Dames: HA-HOR at Leigh Rayment's Peerage
personal data
SURNAME Harden, Arthur
BRIEF DESCRIPTION British chemist
DATE OF BIRTH October 12, 1865
PLACE OF BIRTH Manchester
DATE OF DEATH June 17, 1940
Place of death London