Little book about the burnt-out waters

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The “Little Book of Burnt Waters” from the 15th century is attributed to the Viennese doctor Michael Puff . In 83 chapters, it dealt with distillates made from vegetable raw materials.

It was first published in print in 1477 in Augsburg by the printer Johann Bämler . This was based on handwritten versions that have been traceable since the middle of the 15th century and are known as the "Treatise on the Virtues of Burnt Waters" . A Low German print from 1484 (Lübeck, Bartholomäus Gothan) names a “Dr. Bartholomäus von Benevento ”as an author. The comparable treatise of " Gabriel von Lebenstein " is to be distinguished from Puff's Trakat .

Print by Johann Zainer. Ulm 1498. Cover picture
Print by Hans Sporer. Erfurt 1498. Cover picture
Pressure Gutknecht. Nuremberg 1518. Cover picture

Lore

15th century prints

place printer date
augsburg Bämler, Johann 1477, October 27
augsburg Bämler, Johann 1478, June 14th
augsburg Bämler, Johann 1479, May 21
augsburg Bämler, Johann 1482, July 12th
augsburg Blaubirer, Johann 1481 (2 versions)
augsburg Blaubirer, Johann 1482
augsburg Care, Anthonius 1481, July 30th
augsburg Care, Anthonius 1483, December 11th
augsburg Schönsperger, Hans 1482
augsburg Schönsperger, Hans 1484 (2 versions)
augsburg Froschauer, Johann 1496
Erfurt Sporer, Hans 1498
Erfurt Schenck, Wolfgang 1500
Lübeck Gothan, Bartholomew 1484
Mainz Anonymous 1481
Strasbourg Anonymous 1481 (2 versions)
Strasbourg Anonymous 1483
Ulm Dinckmut, Conrad 1482, October 19th
Ulm Zainer, Johann 1488
Ulm Zainer, Johann 1498
Ulm Zainer, Johann 1500

Prints from the 16th and 17th centuries

Leopold Senfelder recorded 11 postincunabula for the period from 1502 to 1601. Under the title of pharmacy for the common man was the little book out of the burned waters together with the Thesaurus pauperum from the Liber de arte distillandi de compositis (= Large Destillierbuch - 1512) of Hieronymus Brunschwig printed 30 times from 1529 to 1619.

Title page of the small distilling book. Strasbourg 1500

Transfer to other plants

In 1500, Hieronymus Brunschwig completely added the indications from the “ Little Book of Burnt Waters” to his small distilling book . The fathers of botany Otto Brunfels and Hieronymus Bock selectively integrated this information into their herb books.

content

In 83 chapters, the little book dealt with the distillates of the burnt-out water from herbal raw materials. One chapter (71) described the effects of water burned from animal matter. With one exception (Chapter 83), the distillation methods were not explained. Chapters 83 ( Kranwitber ) and 84 ( Gepranter Wein ) do not come from the manuscripts of the treatise on the virtues of burnt-out waters that served as models , but are taken from other sources. The last claim made by Walther and Keil (1989, Col. 909) that the distillates described in the “Little Book of Burnt Waters” are “alcoholic distillates” is not tenable. Astrid Müller-Grzenda was able to prove in 1996 that, for technical distillation reasons, the booklet about the burned-out waters could not serve as a guide for the production of alcoholic distillates, as the glass dishes required for this were expensive and prone to wear. The target audience of the little book was the "common people".

List of monographs in the prints
monograph Name and description of the starting product for the distillate. Edition J. Blaubeirer, Augsburg 1481. Current nomenclature
01 Roses Rosa gallica
02 Roses that stand on the hagthorn Rosa canina
03 Schnelblůmen, Clapper red roses or Schnelblůmen that grow in the grain Papaver rhoeas
04 Lilies, white Lilium candidum
05 Lilies, plaw Iris germanica
06 Specklilien or veld gilgen, specklilien that grow in the thorn Lonicera periclymenum
07 Mayenplůmen, Lilium convalium Convallaria majalis
08 Veyel Viola odorata
09 Veyel, yellow Cheiranthus cheiri
10 Seeplůmen, the white ones with the brown bleters that float on the lakes Nymphaea alba
11 Knight spur Consolida regalis
12 Ox tongue Anchusa officinalis
13 Porrags Borago officinalis
14th Linden plü Tilia spec.
15th Plantain, brait plantain Plantago major
16 Sauram Pepper Rumex rugosus
17th Nightshade Solanum nigrum
18th Hirßen tongues Phyllitis scolopendrium
19th Hausswurtz Sempervivum tectorum
20th Eradication Polygonum aviculare
21st Brunellen Prunella vulgaris
22nd Erdtrauch or Centaur, Kontzenkrebel Fumaria officinalis
23 Saxifrage, the herb is cleverly attached to the bletlin as a rose, and has long red stems on the bletlin and first of all on the pointed synt also little bletlin. Asplenium trichomanes  ? Saxifraga granulata  ?
24 Discount Allium cepa var. Ascalonicum
25th poplar Malva spec.
25a Hüffelen, large (appendix to poplar) Petasites spec.
26th Beifůß, sunbent belt or red swaddling Artemisia vulgaris
27 Economical Asparagus spec.
28 Tillen Anethum graveolens
29 Ewfrasia, comforting eyes Euphrasia rostkoviana
30th Valtrian with the condiments Valeriana officinalis
31 Felberplü Salix caprea
32 Blooming Himelprand Verbascum spec.
33 Freedom Viola tricolor
34 Erdtper Fragaria vesca
35 Meüßor Hieracium pilosella
36 Stabwurtz Artemisia abrotanum
37 Teschenkraut Capsella bursa-pastoris
38 Spindelbom or pfäfferhödel Euonymus europaea
39 Walwurtz Symphytum officinale
40 radish Raphanus sativus
41 Mörrettich Armoracia rusticana
42 Salva, wild Salvia pratensis
43 Gamilla Chamomilla recutita
44 Parsley Petroselinum crispum
45 valerian Valeriana officinalis
46 Bethonia Betonica officinalis
47 Küttenplü Cydonia oblonga
48 Gertelen, Abrauter Artemisia abrotanum
49 Vennel Foeniculum vulgare
50 Holerblü Sambucus nigra
51 Plaw kornplůmen Centaurea cyanus
52 Maseron or Meyeron Origanum majorana
53 chanterelle Lactarius piperatus
54 Prunnenkreß Nasturtium officinale
55 Meyen thistle, vnßer frawen thistle, Vehendistel Silybum marianum
56 Jspen Hyssopus officinalis
57 Mauchen Papaver somniferum
58 nettle Urtica spec.
59 Lustickel Levisticum officinale
60 Poleyen Mentha pulegium
61 Ringlets Calendula officinalis
62 Schelwurtz Chelidonium majus
63 Eysenkraut Verbena officinalis
64 Salva Salvia officinalis
65 Wermůt Artemisia absinthium
66 Grensig Potentilla anserina
67 Be in the flat wax set Cuscuta epilinum
68 Kinlinkraut flares on earth Thymus serpyllum
69 Oak leaves Quercus spec.
70 Eppich or epphey Hedera helix
71 Küdreck Bos primigenius taurus
72 Swam Agaricus campestris
73 Müntzen Mentha arvensis
74 Rose oil Rosa spec.
75 Creützwurtz Senecio vulgaris
76 Pfaffenkraut Taraxacum officinale
77 lavender Lavandula spec.
78 Kid Sambucus nigra
79 Bilsen Hyoscyamus niger
80 Sweet thistle Sonchus arvensis
81 Binsucking Lamium album
82 Bonenplü Vicia faba
83 Kranwitber or wechalter Juniperus communis
84 Weyn, pried Vitis vinifera

literature

  • Arnold C. Klebs : Incunabula scientifica et medica. In: Osiris , Vol. IV, 8. 1-359, Bruges 1938. Reprint Olms, Hildesheim 2004, pp. 295-297.
  • Astrid Müller-Grzenda: Plant waters and distilled wine as medicines at the beginning of modern times. Manufacturing process, manufacturer and trade, nature and importance for the materia medica. Stuttgart 1996.
  • Annarita Pogliani: Le tradizioni delle 'acque ardenti' di Michael Puff from Schrick. (Göppingen theses on German studies No. 759). Kümmerle, Göppingen 2010.
  • Karl Sudhoff : German medical incunabula. Barth, Leipzig 1908, pp. 139–147 digitized
  • Helmuth Walther and Gundolf Keil : Puff, Michael from Schrick . In: The German literature of the Middle Ages. Author Lexicon . 2nd Edition. Berlin 1989, Volume 7, Col. 905-910.

Work editions

  • Lorenz Welker : The 'Iatromathematical Corpus'. Investigations on an Alemannic astrological-medical compendium of the late Middle Ages with text edition and an appendix: Michael Puffs von Schrick treatise “From the burned out waters” in the handwritten version of the Codex Zurich, Central Library, C 102b. (Medical dissertation) Zurich 1988 (= Zürcher medizingeschichtliche Abhandlungen, New Series, 196), pp. 85–98 and 226–249.

Web links

Manuscripts

Prints

"Book of the Burnt Waters"

"Pharmacy for the common man"

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Michael Puff from Schrick. From the burnt out waters . Bartholomäus Gothan, Lübeck 1484, introduction: “… Dit bockk hefft meyster Bartholomeus de Benevento (en doctor in d arstedie) dorch leue vnd bee sake of recognizable persons / vth velen boken ghesamelt vnde. ... " (digitized version)
  2. ^ Karl Sudhoff . German medical incunabula. Leipzig 1908, pp. 139–147 (digitized version )
  3. ^ Arnold C. Klebs . Incunabula scientifica et medica. In: Osiris , Vol. IV, 8. 1-359, Bruges 1938. Reprint Olms, Hildesheim 2004, p. 295.
  4. ^ Karl Sudhoff . German medical incunabula. Barth, Leipzig 1908, pp. 139–147.
  5. ^ Arnold C. Klebs . Incunabula scientifica et medica. In: Osiris , Vol. IV, 8. 1-359, Bruges 1938. Reprint Olms, Hildesheim 2004, pp. 295-297.
  6. ↑ Leopold Senfelder. Michael Puff from Schrick. In: Wiener Klinische Rundschau. 12 (1898), p. 351.
  7. ↑ Astrid Müller-Grzenda. Plant waters and distilled wine as medicinal products at the beginning of modern times. Manufacturing process, manufacturer and trade, nature and importance for the materia medica. Stuttgart 1996, pp. 147-156.
  8. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, roses (digitized)
  9. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, roses on the hagendorn (digitized)
  10. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Schnelblůmen, Clapper red roses or Schnelblůmen that grow in the grain (digitized)
  11. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, lilies, white (digitized)
  12. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, lilies, plaw (digitized)
  13. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Spöcklilien or veld gilgen, Bacon lilies that grow in the thorn (digitized version )
  14. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Mayenplůmen, Lilium convalium (digitized version )
  15. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Veyel (digitized version )
  16. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Veyel, yellow (digitized)
  17. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Seeplůmen, the white with the brown bleters that float on the lakes (digitized)
  18. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, knight spur (digitized)
  19. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, ox tongue (digitized version )
  20. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Porrags (digitized version )
  21. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Linden plü (digitized version )
  22. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, plantain, brait plantain (digitized)
  23. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Saurampffer (digitized version )
  24. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, nightshade (digitized)
  25. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Hirßen tongues (digitized version )
  26. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Haußwurtz (digitized version )
  27. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Wegraß (digitized version )
  28. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Brunellen (digitized version )
  29. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Erdtrauch or Centaur, Kontzenkrebel (digitized)
  30. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Steinbrech (digitized version )
  31. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, tee shot (digitized)
  32. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, poplar (digitized)
  33. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Hüffelen, large (appendix to poplar) (digitized version )
  34. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Beifůß (digitized version )
  35. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Sparig (digitized version )
  36. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Tillen (digitized version )
  37. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Ewfrasia, augen of comfort (digitized version )
  38. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Valtrian with the wurtzen (digitized version )
  39. ↑ The indications from Puff's chapter "Valtrian mit wurtzen" were taken over in the small distilling book (sheet 39v) in the chapter "Denmarck wurtzel".
  40. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Felberplü (digitized version )
  41. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Himelprand blooms (digitized version )
  42. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Freisam (digitized version )
  43. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Erdtper (digitized)
  44. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Meüßor (digitized version )
  45. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Stabwurtz (digitized version )
  46. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Teschenkraut (digitized version )
  47. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Spindelbom or pfäfferhödel (digitized version )
  48. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Walwurtz (digitized version )
  49. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, radish (digitized version )
  50. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Mörrettich (digitized version )
  51. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Salva, wild (digitized)
  52. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Gamillen (digitized version )
  53. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, parsley (digitized)
  54. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, valerian (digitized)
  55. ↑ The indications from Puff's chapter "Valerian" have been taken over in the small distilling book (sheet 39v) in the chapter "Denmarck water - wurtzel krut vnd ​​stengel".
  56. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Bethonie (digitized version )
  57. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Küttenplü (digitized version )
  58. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Gertelen, Abrauter (digitized version )
  59. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Venchel (digitized version )
  60. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Holerblü (digitized version )
  61. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Plaw kornplůmen (digitized version )
  62. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Maseron or Meyeron (digitized)
  63. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, chanterelle (digitized)
  64. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Prunnenkreß (digitized version )
  65. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Meyen distel (digitized version )
  66. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Jspen (digitized version )
  67. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Mauchen (digitized version )
  68. ↑ Hermann Fischer. Medieval botany. Munich 1929, p. 277: Papaver somniferum ... mago, magesamo (Old High German), the big stomach (Macergloss) ...
  69. ↑ The indications from Puff's Mauchen chapter have been transferred to the “Magsatkrut” chapter in the Small Distilling Book (sheet 77r).
  70. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Nessel (digitized)
  71. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Lustickel (digitized version )
  72. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Poleyen (digitized version )
  73. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Ringel (digitized)
  74. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Schelwurtz (digitized version )
  75. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Eysenkraut (digitized version )
  76. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Salva (digitized)
  77. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Wermůt (digitized version )
  78. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Grensig (digitized version )
  79. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Seyden that in the flat wax set (digitized)
  80. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Kinlinkraut (digitized version )
  81. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Aichenlaub (digitized version )
  82. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Eppich or epphey (digitized version )
  83. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Küdreck (digitized version )
  84. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, sponges (digitized)
  85. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Müntzen (digitized version )
  86. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, rose oil (digitized)
  87. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Creützwurtz (digitized version )
  88. ↑ The indications from Puff's Creützwurtz chapter have been transferred to the “Crützwurtz” chapter in the small distilling book (sheet 37v). There the appearance of the plant was described in such a way that it can be interpreted as Senecio vulgaris.
  89. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Pfaffenkraut (digitized version )
  90. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, lavender (digitized)
  91. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Zickel (digitized version )
  92. ↑ Hermann Fischer . Medieval botany . Munich 1929, p. 283: ciclim (Hildegard) = flowers of the holder tree. Small distilling book 1500 , sheet 55v: From holder bloom water ... O Holder bloom water is zickeln water ... Hieronymus Bock . Kreuterbuch edition 1546, Book III, Chapter 23: Elder ... Eusserlich. ... The juice from the holder ticks (then the beer is called) ...
  93. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Bilsen (digitized version )
  94. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, sweet thistle (digitized version )
  95. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Binsaugen (digitized version )
  96. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Bonenplü (digitized version )
  97. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Kranwitber or wechalter (digitized)
  98. ↑ Little Book of the Burnt Waters. Bämler, Augsburg 1478, Weyn, gepranter (digitized)
  99. ↑ Lorenz Welker: The 'Iatromathematische Corpus'. Investigations on an Alemannic astrological-medical compendium of the late Middle Ages with text edition and an appendix: Michael Puffs von Schrick treatise “From the burned out waters” in the handwritten version of the Codex Zurich, Central Library, C 102b. (Medical dissertation) Zurich 1988 (= Zürcher medizingeschichtliche Abhandlungen, New Series, 196), pp. 85–98 and 226–249.