Bauma
| Bauma | |
|---|---|
 |
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| State : |
 Switzerland
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| Canton : |
 Zurich (ZH)
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| District : | Pfaffikon |
| BFS no. : | 0297 |
| Postal code : | 8493 Saland 8494 Bauma 8499 Sternenberg |
| UN / LOCODE : | CH QBA |
| Coordinates : | 708 720 / 247385 |
| Height : | 639 m above sea level M. |
| Height range : | 592-1073 m above sea level M. |
| Area : | 29.53 km² |
| Residents: | 4965 (December 31, 2018) |
| Population density : | 168 inhabitants per km² |
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Proportion of foreigners : (residents without citizenship ) |
16.1% (December 31, 2018) |
| Mayor : | Andreas Sudler ( independent ) |
| Website: | www.bauma.ch/de/ |
 Gasthaus Tanne in Bauma |
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| Location of the municipality | |
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Bauma is a municipality in the Pfäffikon district in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland . On January 1, 2015, Bauma merged with the municipality of Sternenberg to form the municipality of Bauma.
coat of arms
The municipal coat of arms of Bauma has the blazon
- In silver on a green ground a green fir with a red trunk .
The official introduction of the fir in the community seal of the political community Bauma dates back to May 22, 1805. Previously (around 1740) the parish Bauma led a green deciduous tree with a red trunk in a golden field. The fir tree in the silver field was accepted as the municipal coat of arms by the municipal council on March 22, 1927 at the suggestion of the cantonal coat of arms commission.
However, the local council wanted that, compared to the illustration prepared by the coat of arms commission, "the branching of the fir tree would be shown a little more densely and the trunk of the same would be colored a little less bright red." After an updated edition on October 13, 1970 by the Antiquarian Society of the Canton of Zurich, the City Council agreed in principle and found it very appealing.
The former municipality of Sternenberg had a talking coat of arms with a star and a mountain, since 1930 a gold six-pointed star over a silver six-mountain. Since the municipal merger in 2015, Bauma's municipal coat of arms has also applied to Sternenberg.
geography
Bauma is located in the foothills of the Töss Valley in the Zurich Oberland at 639 m above sea level. M. on the railway line Winterthur - Rüti ZH . The city of Winterthur is 19 km and the city of Zurich 25 km as the crow flies . The highest point of the community is at the Chlihörnli at 1073 m above sea level. M. , the deepest on the Töss near Saland at 595 m above sea level. M.
The total area of 2,076 hectares is divided into:
- 50% forest
- 34% agriculture
- 16% settlements
The municipal area belong to the village of Bauma the villages and hamlets Saland , Laubberg , Blitterswil , Juckern , Dillhaus , Undalen , Altlandenberg , Wellenau , Wolfensberg , horns , Schindlet , Wellenau and Lipper Schwendi .
The neighboring communities of Bauma are in clockwise direction Fischingen TG , Fischenthal , Bäretswil , Hittnau , Pfäffikon , Wildberg ZH and Wila .
history
The settlement through the arrival of the Alemanni took place in the 7th to 10th centuries in the higher terraced areas, namely Allenwil , Bettswil , Bliggenswil , Blitterswil , Hörnen , Lipperschwendi , Undalen , Wellenau and Wilen . In the sphere of influence of the St. Gallen Monastery , Christianity came into the area and at the same time urbanization .
The gentlemen at Alt-Landenberg Castle intensified land development in the 12th and 13th centuries . The last knights of the Habsburgs fell in the Battle of Morgarten as early as 1315 , and the castle returned to the Abbey of St. Gallen . Over the next few centuries the castle changed hands again and again and became increasingly dilapidated.
In 1549 the lower court was acquired by Zurich. The actual hour of birth of the Bauma parish was not until the reformed church was built in 1651 and the surrounding settlements were placed under the administration of the church. This year the village consisted of only four houses. At that time, the local pastor, together with his standstill, was responsible for religion, schools, welfare, law and order and also for the road system. The community received market and customs rights in 1661, and from then on Bauma developed into the center of the upper Töss valley. The church, built in 1651, was demolished in 1771 and replaced by a newer, larger building in the same place.
At the end of the 18th to the beginning of the 19th century there were repeated serious setbacks in the development of the community. In 1786, a large part of the village burned and the fire was difficult to control due to the wooden structures. Again and again there were famines , including 1816 in the year without a summer , when 156 inhabitants died of weakness.
Under Napoleon and the Helvetic Republic he initiated , the political community Bauma was established and belonged to the Helvetic district of Fehraltorf between 1798 and 1803 . This changed several times over the next few years, from 1803 to 1814 the community belonged to the mediation district of Uster , then until 1831 to the county of Kyburg , from 1831 to the district of Pfäffikon .
Until the beginning of the 19th century, the Bauma community, like many surrounding communities, was not well developed in terms of traffic. The first bridge over the Töss between Winterthur and Bauma did not exist until 1820. Between 1836 and 1839 the road to Wetzikon and Oetwil am See was built . In 1835 the stagecoach service to Winterthur was put into operation. The Tösstalbahn was built in 1875 from Winterthur to Bauma. It was extended to Wald a year later , and the entire section of the route is still actively used by the Zurich S-Bahn . The Uerikon-Bauma-Bahn , which opened in 1901, was in operation until the end of the 20th century , but was gradually replaced by the Bauma – Wetzikon bus service.
Since the Töss , the river that flows through Bauma, was not corrected until the 20th century, floods kept occurring . In 1876 the entire village was under water, several buildings collapsed, and long stretches of the newly built Tösstalbahn were badly damaged.
The development of Baumas was important for further economic development towards the end of the 19th century. If the cotton initially of women and children in domestic homework processed, it came through the industrialization to the formation of factories along the river. Around 1900 around 600 workers were working in the three cotton spinning and weaving mills and the two silk weaving mills. All former textile companies have been closed since 1989.
population
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1634 | 455 |
| 1691 | 1,082 |
| 1772 | 2,530 |
| 1836 | 3,217 |
| 1850 | 2,993 |
| 1900 | 2,768 |
| 1950 | 2,989 |
| 1970 | 3,171 |
| 1990 | 3,795 |
| 2000 | 4,259 |
| 2010 | 4,160 |
- Proportion of foreigners : 15.7% (December 31, 2015)
religion
On December 31, 2011, 51.6% of the population belonged to the Evangelical Reformed Church and 19.4% to the Roman Catholic Church . The Reformed Bauma Church was built in the years 1769–1770 as a transverse church and replaced the previous building from the Middle Ages . It is a typical sacred building of the reformed church of the 18th century in the canton of Zurich. Bauma's Catholic Church is St. Antonius Church . It was built between 1902 and 1903 as a typical building for a diaspora church in the canton of Zurich. In 1954 the church was extended and the original roof turret was replaced by the current church tower .
The Evangelical Reformed Churches of Bauma and Fischenthal, as well as the RegiChile Bauma, belong to the regional section Bauma-Fischenthal of the Evangelical Alliance .
In Bauma, the Evangelical Free Churches represent the Chrischona Parish RegiChile and the Parish for Christ . There is also a New Apostolic Church .
politics
Since November 2, 2016, Andreas Sudler (non-party) has been mayor. Marianne Heimgartner (EVP) was mayor of the municipality until October 2016. The strongest parties in the 2011 cantonal elections were the SVP with 40.2%, followed by the EPP with 16.7% and the SP with 12.9%.
Cantonal Council
The municipality of Bauma was represented in the Cantonal Council of the Canton of Zurich from 2007 to 2015 by Walter Schoch (EVP). Paul von Euw (SVP) has been represented in the Cantonal Council since 2019
Fusion Bauma-Sternenberg
The Sternenberg municipal council invited the Bauma municipal council to merger negotiations in November 2012 . The new Financial Equalization Act granted the municipality of Sternenberg annual equalization payments until the end of 2017. The financial situation of the small community with 359 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2014) was further deteriorated and there were also difficulties in finding suitable voters for public office. In March 2013, the voters of Sternenberg clearly agreed to the start of negotiations on a merger of the two communities. In the event of a merger, the government council of the canton of Zurich guaranteed the political communities Bauma and Sternenberg CHF 3,500,000 in a resolution dated July 10, 2013. In the referendum on November 24, 2013, the merger on January 1, 2015 was clearly accepted in both municipalities. The new municipality is still called Bauma, the existing municipal coat of arms of the old municipality of Bauma will be retained.
economy
In 1821, industrialization began in the Tösstal, when water power was used for the textile industry .
The factories of the once flourishing cotton spinning and weaving mill have been closed since 1989. Since less than 5% of the population is employed in agriculture today, the service sector and external work are the main areas of employment. Many residents commute to Zurich or Winterthur. Bauma offers a total of around 2000 jobs in the community.
traffic
Until 1835 carts used the often dangerous Töss river bed as a road to get to Bauma. Only with the construction of the valley road from Winterthur to Bauma and shortly afterwards with the connection to Wetzikon- Oetwil am See did Bauma connect to the world.
In 1875, the Tösstalbahn between Winterthur and Bauma and a year later the extension to Wald started operating. In 1901, the Uerikon-Bauma railway, built by the local Adolf Guyer-Zeller, was opened . From 1969 this was partially replaced by the Bauma – Wetzikon bus company. Today, the use Swiss Federal Railways station Bauma every half hour with the line S 26 Winterthur - Bauma - Rüti the S-Bahn Zurich (until 1918 tösstal railway line). The Zürcher Oberland Steam Railway Association runs the Bauma – Hinwil museum railway on several weekends in summer .
The following bus lines exist, which are operated by the Zurich Lake and Oberland Transport Authority (VZO):
- 850 Bauma station - Adetswil - Bäretswil - Kempten - Wetzikon station
- 854 Bauma station - Steg im Tösstal - Fischenthal - Gibswil - Wald - Rüti station
In addition, there are the following bus routes that are operated by Postauto AG :
- 809 Bauma train station - Sternenberg
- 835 Bauma station - Juckern - Saland - Hittnau - Pfäffikon station
Infrastructure
The municipality of Bauma has its own indoor swimming pool with a 25-meter pool. There are four kindergartens, four primary schools and one secondary school in the municipality.
Attractions
- Guyer-Zeller hiking trails (created 100 years ago)
- Steam train and rides of the Museum Railway Steam Railway Association Zürcher Oberland
- Industrial nature trail / water trail Töss
- Reformed church from 1651, rebuilt in 1771
- Alt-Landenberg castle ruins
- Marble tomb of the Guyer-Zeller family
- Residential Museum Undalen Freddi House
Personalities
- Adolf Guyer-Zeller (1839–1899), pioneer, industrialization and transport
- Otto Wartmann-Kägi (1841–1882), merchant in the Orient
- Adolf Kaegi (1849–1923), Indologist and Graecist
- Rudolf Kägi (1882–1959), local poet and dialect author
- Schaggi Streuli (1899–1980), screenwriter, cabaret artist and dialect actor
- Beat Walti (* 1968), politician (FDP)
literature
- Hans Martin Gubler: The art monuments of the Canton of Zurich Volume 3: The districts of Pfäffikon and Uster. (= Art Monuments of Switzerland. Volume 66). Edited by the Society for Swiss Art History GSK. Bern 1978, ISBN 3-7643-0991-1 , pp. 202-309.
- Walter Sprenger among others: History of the Bauma community. Published by the political municipality of Bauma. Bauma 1994, ISBN 3-85981-173-8 .
Web links
- Official website of the Bauma municipality
- Baumerziitig: Official publication organ of the Bauma municipality
- Chronicle archive of the Bauma community
- Thomas Schärli: Bauma. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Permanent and non-permanent resident population by year, canton, district, municipality, population type and gender (permanent resident population). In: bfs. admin.ch . Federal Statistical Office (FSO), August 31, 2019, accessed on December 22, 2019 .
- ↑ Data on the resident population by home, gender and age (community profile). Statistical Office of the Canton of Zurich, accessed on December 22, 2019 .
- ^ Peter Ziegler: The municipal coat of arms of the Canton of Zurich (= communications of the Antiquarian Society in Zurich. Volume 49). Report house, Zurich 1977, p. 33. (e-periodica.ch) See also: The coat of arms of the Bauma community. Retrieved May 18, 2016 . .
- ↑ settlement. Retrieved May 18, 2016 .
- ↑ Church education . Retrieved May 18, 2016 .
- ↑ Center of the upper Töss valley. Retrieved May 18, 2016 .
- ↑ a b times of need. Retrieved May 18, 2016 .
- ↑ Transport. Retrieved May 18, 2016 .
- ↑ Economic development. Retrieved May 18, 2016 .
- ↑ web.statistik.zh.ch (accessed on March 18, 2016)
- ↑ Provisional population data as of the end of 2011. Accessed on May 18, 2016 .
- ^ EA Bauma-Fischenthal. Retrieved May 18, 2016 .
- ^ The reformed parish Bauma-Sternenberg. Retrieved May 18, 2016 .
- ↑ Welcome to the RegiChile website. Retrieved May 18, 2016 .
- ↑ Church for Christ - Bauma. Retrieved May 18, 2016 .
- ↑ Churches. Retrieved May 18, 2016 .
- ↑ Bauma community portrait. Retrieved May 18, 2016 .
- ↑ Bauma-Sternenberg merger. Retrieved May 18, 2016 .
- ↑ Green light for community merger . Retrieved May 18, 2016 .
- ↑ Halli Bauma - everything at a glance. Retrieved May 18, 2016 .
- ^ Bauma School. Retrieved May 18, 2016 .
Bauma | Fehraltorf | Hittnau | Illnau-Effretikon | Lindau | Pfäffikon | Russikon | Weisslingen | Wila | Wildberg
Former parishes: Kyburg | Star Mountain
Canton of Zurich | Districts of the Canton of Zurich | Municipalities of the Canton of Zurich