Noble crown

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Edle Krone is a settlement near the confluence of the Höckenbach in the Wilde Weißeritz in the southeast of the Tharandt Forest in Saxony . The municipalities of Dorfhain and Klingenberg as well as the city of Tharandt border each other here, all three municipalities belong to the district of Saxon Switzerland-Eastern Ore Mountains .

Geography and administration

Noble crown, the markings are marked with purple lines (as of 2017).

Most of the existing development belongs to the Höckendorf district of the municipality of Klingenberg, this concerns the buildings east of the Höckenbach and the Wilden Weißeritz, including the reception building of the Edle Krone train station. The remaining residential and commercial development on the other bank of the Weißeritz belongs to Dorfhain. The western portal of the railway tunnel is also located on Dorfhainer Flur, but the majority of the railway tunnel is in the area of ​​the city of Tharandt. The boundary between Höckendorf on the one hand and Dorfhain or Tharandt on the other hand is based on the course of the Wilden Weißeritz in the area of ​​the Edle Krone settlement, but is not completely identical to the course of the river. Edle Krone is not run as an independent district in any of the three communities.

The village center of Dorfhain lies in a south-westerly direction about two kilometers upstream of the Wilder Weißeritz. The village of Höckendorf is also about two kilometers away and is located in a southerly direction upstream of the Höckenbach. The core town of Tharandt is located about 4 km to the north, downstream of the Wilden Weißeritz. Other nearby towns outside of the Weißeritz and Höckenbach valleys are Somsdorf , Lübau and Borlas in the east .

history

The name and origin of the settlement, which has only a few houses, go back to mining. The eponymous colliery "noble Crone" was mentioned in 1557. The mining of silver ores here at the confluence of the Wilder Weißeritz and Höckenbach rivers presumably dates back to the 14th century. The main initiator was the Freiberg patrician family von Theler , whose members appeared as hereditary lords in Höckendorf and Dorfhain since 1351. The heyday of mining was in the first half of the 16th century. Between 1525 and 1570 the three pits “Krone”, “St. Georg "and" Krone 2nd and 3rd upper measure "666.5 kilograms of silver.

According to legend, Caspar Theler, who became rich through mining, ate a feast underground with guests in 1557. However, the party was surprised by a heavy downpour, which caused the water level of the Weißeritz to rise and the mine workings to drown . Half of the party is said to have died. However, such a flood probably never occurred. Rather, the declining ore mining made the mining increasingly unprofitable, so that in 1565 Joseph Benno Theler sold his Höckendorfer property including the mines from Edle Krone to Elector August , who wanted to create a large estate with the property.

The Thirty Years War brought mining in Edle Krone and the surrounding area to a standstill. The 18th century was marked by various but unsuccessful attempts at recovery.

The “new hut house” at the confluence of the Höckenbach and Wilder Weißeritz rivers in Edle Krone. According to the Deutsche Fotothek, the view is dated to 1850.

Mining was only briefly intensified again in the 19th century. The "Edle Krone" mine, which can be traced back to 1545, was redeveloped and expanded from 1798 onwards. A shaft that was sunk in 1858 reached a depth of 300 meters without encountering worthwhile ore cracks, so that the mine was closed in 1886. The hut house , built in 1858/59 , which was later used as a hotel, restaurant and residential building, still bears witness to the mining operations.

Buildings and facilities of the former “Unverhofft Glück” mine between Wilder Weißeritz and the railway line, view up Weißeritz towards Dorfhain and Seerenbach estuary (1903).

The "Unverhofft Glück" mine, which has been verifiable since the 15th century, was opened up and expanded from 1842 onwards. The 6-HP steam engine installed here in 1856 on the newly sunk “Thelerschacht” was one of the first of its kind in ore mining in the Ore Mountains. Between 1856 and 1866, “Unverhofft Glück” delivered around 1,300 kilograms of silver, which meant that the mine could be operated profitably for a short time. From 1866 onwards, however, production was gradually discontinued due to the decline in ore fragments. The mine was used by a factory for wood pulp production. In 1890 the “Thelerschacht” building was demolished and replaced by a new hotel. However, in 1925 it was converted back into a factory (synthetic resin press). During the GDR era, the factory was part of the VEB Technoplast Obercunnersdorf. Today it is a residential building.

During the August floods of 2002 , severe flooding was recorded in Edle Krone. Two buildings were destroyed by the water masses. The streets running through the village from Tharandt to Dorfhain and Höckendorf were completely destroyed. The reconstruction of the transport infrastructure and the retaining walls lasted until 2005.

In 1875 the place Edle Krone belonged to Höckendorf and was thus part of the Dippoldiswalde district administration and from 1952 to 1994 of the (rural) district of Dippoldiswalde . Since then, Edle Krone has belonged to the Weißeritz district until 2008 , and then to the Saxon Switzerland-Eastern Ore Mountains district.

traffic

Rail transport

Noble Krone is located on the double-track, electrified Dresden – Werdau railway line , a section of the Saxony-Franconian Magistrale . The local stop and the distinctive tunnel are located at about 18.0 km and in the direction of the route after about a third of the 11.6 km long steep section between the Tharandt and Klingenberg-Colmnitz stations . The steep ramp has a maximum gradient of 1:39; the Klingenberg-Colmnitz station, about 7.3 km southwest of Edle Krone, upstream, is 228 meters higher than the Tharandt station, about 4.3 km northeast, downstream. Well-known incidents in rail traffic around Edle Krone are at least indirectly due to either mining or the comparatively high incline of the railway line ( push service , brake failure).

Former reception building of the Edle Krone train station, seen from the platform (2011).

railway station

Since the Albertsbahn AG's line to Freiberg , which ended in Tharandt, was extended in 1862 , there has been a train station in Edle Krone. This was opened as the Höckendorf stop on August 11, 1862 and renamed Edle Krone in 1871 , dedicated to the station on May 1, 1905 and downgraded to the stop on July 31, 1999 .

The station building erected in 1862 was a first class caretaker's house with side extensions, a goods shed was added in 1879, a farm building in 1881, and a residential building followed in 1901. In 1907, the station's facilities were extensively redesigned: The station building that still exists today, a new goods shed and a passenger tunnel to the platforms were built. The railway maintenance office was closed in 1924, the goods shed was torn down in 1999 and the B1 signal box was closed in July 2000. According to other information, the extensive renovation of the station did not take place until 1908.

The station building is unusually designed in a log cabin, in the form of a horse peg from mining. The station building, which is under monument protection , was acquired by the municipality of Klingenberg in 2011 and has been used by the Edle Krone association since then. There is a small railway museum here and there are occasional events. In the future, the building is to be expanded as a meeting center and “hiking station” for tourists.

The operating point is no longer used for goods traffic, the regional train line RB30 Dresden – Freiberg – Chemnitz – Zwickau and the S-Bahn line S3 Dresden – Tharandt – Freiberg serve passenger traffic . Due to the overlapping of the two lines, there are half-hourly connections in both directions during the working day rush hour and hourly during the off-peak hours (as of the 2017-2019 annual timetables). The S-Bahn line is operated by DB Regio Südost , the regional train line RB30 by Bayerische Oberlandbahn under the marketing name Mitteldeutsche Regiobahn , both lines on behalf of the Upper Elbe Transport Association .

Eastern tunnel portal (1903), seen from Bahnhofstrasse.

tunnel

Eastern tunnel portal (2014), also seen from Bahnhofstrasse. The visual changes to the portal after 1966 are clearly visible.

Immediately to the west of the stop, but on the other bank of the Wilder Weißeritz, is a 122 meter long railway tunnel . Like the entire Tharandt – Freiberg section, the Edle Krone tunnel was designed to have two tracks from the outset and was opened together with the line on August 11, 1862. In connection with the electrification of the route, the profile of the tunnel was expanded between 1964 and 1966, and the tunnel received new portals and heaps. The cross-section of the tunnel was enlarged by two meters. A special protective construction made it possible to excavate the rock and stabilize the tunnel ceiling without interrupting railway operations; railway operations could continue on a single track under the protective construction.

The tunnel is located in the arch north of the confluence of the Höckenbach and Wilder Weißeritz rivers, around 30 meters above the river. The western tunnel portal is on the district of Dorfhain, the majority of the tunnel and its eastern portal on the district of Tharandt.

Incidents

On June 2, 1901, when it stopped at what was then the Edle Krone stop, the sliding locomotive of a suburban train uphill hit the train's end car so violently that a total of eight passengers were injured.

On May 31, 1929, at Edle Krone station, a construction train drove to the locomotive, which had been brought forward to take water. Two wagons were destroyed, other wagons loaded with rails derailed. There were five seriously injured and several slightly injured. The cause was braking failure of the construction train.

A former tunnel of the former "Unverhofft Glück" mine collapsed on December 20, 1929 in front of the western portal of the railway tunnel. The Werdau – Dresden track down the valley could not be used for a few weeks; rail traffic was only possible on a single track on the Dresden – Werdau track.

In the railway accident at Edle Krone on December 12, 1943, a freight train traveling downhill derailed about one kilometer west of Edle Krone. Six people died.

Road traffic

View from the Edle Krone train station in a southerly direction to the Wilde Weißeritz and today's state road S 192 . In the background the former hut house with the crossing. The state road continues behind the hut house in a left bend to Höckendorf, immediately in front of the hut house today's county road K 9071 branches off to the right to Dorfhain (1909).

The settlement can be reached via the state road 192 Wilsdruff –Tharandt – Edle Krone– Ruppendorf . From this, the K 9071 district road branches off in Edle Krone, which leads from Edle Krone via Dorfhain to Klingenberg . Both roads run directly along the Wilden Weißeritz or the Höckenbach until you reach the neighboring villages of Dorfhain, Höckendorf and Tharandt.

Edle Krone is involved in regional bus transport with the lines 343, 375 and 382 operated by the Saxon Switzerland-Eastern Ore Mountains regional transport . With these there are (as of 2017) free connections on working days not only to the three neighboring towns of Dorfhain, Höckendorf and Tharandt, but also to Borlas , Ruppendorf , Reichstädt , Klingenberg and Dippoldiswalde . Edle Krone cannot be reached by bus on weekends and public holidays.

literature

  • Between Tharandt forest, Freital and the Lockwitztal (= values ​​of our homeland . Volume 21). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1973, p. 111ff.
  • Gürtler, Eberhard: Fable and Reality of Silver Mining in Edle Krone ( digitized version )
  • Helmut Petzold: Mining in lower case . in: Yearbook Erzgebirge 1983, pp. 85–92
  • Helmut Petzold: Contradictions and anachronisms when industry moved into the Weißeritztal . in: Yearbook for Economic History 1986, pp. 59–70 ( digitized version ; PDF; 3.7 MB)
  • Axel Rüthrich: The Edle Krone mine . in: Proceedings Montanhistorisches Kolloquium Annaberg-Buchholz 4. – 6. June 2010, pp. 39–54.
  • Rudolf Schumann : Poetry and truth about the mining between Tharandt and Dippoldiswalde . in: Communications from the Landesverein Sächsischer Heimatschutz XXII (1933) 10/12, pp. 285–322 ( digitized version )
  • Otfried Wagenbreth , Eberhard Wächtler : Mining in the Ore Mountains. Technical monuments and history. Leipzig 1990, pp. 328-332.

Web links

Commons : Edle Krone  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files
  • Noble crown in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Noble crown in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
  2. ^ Otfried Wagenbreth, Eberhard Wächtler: Mining in the Ore Mountains. Technical monuments and history . Leipzig 1990, p. 328
  3. ↑ Helmut Petzold: Mining in lower case . in: Yearbook Erzgebirge 1983, pp. 85–92
  4. ↑ contemporary illustration of the hat house of the "Edle Krone Fundgrube" in the holdings of the Deutsche Fotothek
  5. ↑ contemporary illustration of the daily facilities of the mine "Unverhofft Glück" in the holdings of the Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden ( Memento of the original from April 29, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / skd-online-collection.skd.museum
  6. ^ Otfried Wagenbreth, Eberhard Wächtler: Mining in the Ore Mountains. Technical monuments and history . Leipzig 1990, p. 52
  7. ^ Otfried Wagenbreth, Eberhard Wächtler: Mining in the Ore Mountains. Technical monuments and history . Leipzig 1990, p. 329
  8. ↑ Opening of the newly built road between Tharandt - Edle Krone - Dorfhain on November 30, 2005 ( Memento from April 12, 2013 in the web archive archive.today )
  9. ^ A b Hans-Joachim Kirsche: Bahnland GDR . Destinations for rail enthusiasts. 1st edition. transpress VEB Verlag for Transport , Berlin 1981, p. 304 .
  10. ↑ Jens Herbach: Noble crown. In: Sachsenschiene.net. May 7, 2017. Retrieved October 23, 2017 .
  11. ↑ a b c Dr. Helmut Petzold: roads, railways, post and newspapers . In: Hartmut Oehme (Hrsg.): Chronicle of Dorfhain (Saxony) . 1st edition. tape 3 . CARDAMINA Verlag Susanne Breuel, Plaidt 2011, ISBN 978-3-86424-027-0 , chap. 20 , p. 995 .
  12. ^ Regine Schlesinger: Bahn im Doppelpack, in: Sächsische Zeitung, January 21, 2015 online
  13. ↑ Dr. Helmut Petzold: roads, railways, post and newspapers . In: Hartmut Oehme (Hrsg.): Chronicle of Dorfhain (Saxony) . 1st edition. tape 3 . CARDAMINA Verlag Susanne Breuel, Plaidt 2011, ISBN 978-3-86424-027-0 , chap. 20 , p. 994 .
  14. ↑ Jens Herbach: Tunnel Noble Crown. In: Sachsenschiene.net. May 7, 2017. Retrieved October 23, 2017 .
  15. ^ Helga Kuhne: Railway Directorate Dresden 1869-1993 . 2nd Edition. Verlag Bernd Neddermeyer, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-941712-05-8 , pp. 92 .
  16. ^ Claus Schlegel: Railway accidents in Saxony . From the beginning until 1945. 1st edition. Ritzau KG - Zeit und Eisenbahn Verlag, Pürgen 2002, ISBN 978-3-935101-00-4 , p. 91 .
  17. ^ Claus Schlegel: Railway accidents in Saxony . From the beginning until 1945. 1st edition. Ritzau KG - Zeit und Eisenbahn Verlag, Pürgen 2002, ISBN 978-3-935101-00-4 , p. 146 .
  18. ^ Claus Schlegel: Railway accidents in Saxony . From the beginning until 1945. 1st edition. Ritzau KG - Zeit und Eisenbahn Verlag, Pürgen 2002, ISBN 978-3-935101-00-4 , p. 149 .
  19. ^ Claus Schlegel: Railway accidents in Saxony . From the beginning until 1945. 1st edition. Ritzau KG - Zeit und Eisenbahn Verlag, Pürgen 2002, ISBN 978-3-935101-00-4 , p. 174 .
  20. ↑ Jens Herbach: Operational disruptions due to accidents. In: Sachsenschiene.net. March 29, 2016. Retrieved October 15, 2017 .
  21. ↑ Our timetables for viewing, saving or printing. Regional traffic Dresden , accessed on October 23, 2017 .

Coordinates: 50 ° 57 '  N , 13 ° 35'  E