Balassagyarmat
| Balassagyarmat | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State : | Hungary | ||||
| Region : | Northern Hungary | ||||
| County : | Nógrád | ||||
| Small area until December 31, 2012 : | Balassagyarmat | ||||
| Coordinates : | 48 ° 5 ' N , 19 ° 18' E | ||||
| Area : | 29.03 km² | ||||
| Residents : | 16,396 (Jan. 1, 2011) | ||||
| Population density : | 565 inhabitants per km² | ||||
| Telephone code : | (+36) 35 | ||||
| Postal code : | 2660 | ||||
| KSH kódja: | 13657 | ||||
| Structure and administration (as of 2016) | |||||
| Community type : | city | ||||
| Mayor : | Lajos Ferenc Medvácz (Fidesz-KDNP) | ||||
| Postal address : | Rákóczi fejedelem útja 12. 2660 Balassagyarmat |
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| Website : | |||||
| (Source: A Magyar Köztársaság helységnévkönyve 2011. január 1st at Központi statisztikai hivatal ) | |||||
Balassagyarmat [ ˈbɒlɒʃːɒɟɒrmɒt ] (German outdated: fair , Slovak Balážske Ďarmoty ) is a city in northern Hungary with 16,396 inhabitants (as of 2011). The city is the administrative seat of the district of the same name and a border town to Slovakia .
location
Balassagyarmat is located on the left bank of the Ipeľ / Ipoly river in the Nógrád basin. The district, which lies on the right bank of the river and once belonged to Balassagyarmat, is now the Slovak village of Slovenské Ďarmoty ( Hungarian Tótgyarmat ).
traffic
The city can be reached by train with lines 78 and 75 of the MÁV (Hungarian State Railways).
The city can be reached by car via the Hungarian national road 22 , the secondary road 2108 or from the Slovak national road 527 via the Hungarian national road 222 .
history
La Tène period tomb
According to the information provided by a private collector to the Hungarian National Museum (Magyar Nemzeti Múzeum), the sword found comes from a presumably destroyed cremation grave in the area of Balassagyarmat. Thanks to the framing of the scabbard for reinforcement, the object is in good condition, two medallions on the front show triskeles , the handle has a human profile and a leg with an ankle ring as jewelry. Due to the ornamentation rate, the finds are dated to the Middle Latène (LTC I-II, 250–150 BC). The find is now in the Hungarian National Museum.
Early middle ages
After the Hungarian conquest, the area of today's city was the settlement area of the Gyarmat Magyar tribe .
The city was first mentioned in writing in 1244. The origin of the city is the castle, which was built after the Tatar attack on the Hungarian kingdom .
14th to 15th century
In the 14th to 15th centuries, the surrounding lands and the castle were owned by the Balassa family. From the 15th century, the name of the city reflects this ownership.
The village received market rights in 1437 (Hungarian Mezővárosi jog ).
Turkish occupation
The Ottomans conquered the city in 1552. During the fighting, the whole area was depopulated. New settlers did not return until the 17th century. During this time the city wall was built, the ruins of which can now be seen on Bástya Street.
Modern times
In 1790 the city was capital of the county Nógrád . The prison was built in 1845 and is still in use today.
Since the Treaty of Trianon , Balassagyarmat has been a border town, originally it should also belong to Czechoslovakia. This was prevented by the persistent resistance of the population.
In 1919 the city was given the title "Civitas Fortissima", ( Bravest City ), when the citizens of the city chased the Czech occupation troops across the Ipoly River.
In 1950 the county seat was moved to Salgótarján . The county court is still in Balassagyarmat today.
Twin cities
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Dej , Romania |
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Heimenkirch , Germany |
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Ostrołęka , Poland |
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Lamezia Terme , Italy |
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Slovenské Ďarmoty / Tótgyarmat , Slovakia |
Attractions
- Palóc Museum and the Palóc House ( folklore collection)
- Csillagház , the "Star House" ( classicistic- local historical collection)
- the former town hall (classical, based on the plans of Ferenc Kasselik , built from 1832 to 1835)
- the former home of Kálmán Mikszáth
- Roman Catholic Church Szentháromság ( baroque , 1740–1746)
- Protestant church ( baroque , 1785–1786)
- Former Balassa Hotel (classicist, Sándor Petőfi was here twice.)
sons and daughters of the town
- Károly Bérczy (1821–1867), writer
- Károly Balogh de Mankó Bük (1879–1944), judge, statesman and writer
- Josef Dobrovský (1753–1829), Czech linguist
- Károly Jobbágy (1921–1998), poet
- Péter Kőszeghy (* 1971), composer and music teacher
- Iván Markó (* 1947), choreographer
- Márk Rózsavölgyi (1789–1848), composer
- Mátyás Szandai (* 1977), jazz musician
- György Udvardy (* 1960), Archbishop of Veszprém
- Ernő Zórád (1911–2004), graphic artist, draftsman and painter
Web links
- Official website of the city (Hungarian)
- Balassa-Gyarmat in A Pallas nagy lexikona (Hungarian)
- Aerial views of Balassagyarmat
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.geodesy.gov.sk/sgn/gnzOSN/gnzframe.htm
- ^ Miklós Szabó: Nouvelles acquisitions latèniennes du Musée National Hiongrois. Communicationes Archaeologica Hongariae, 1985; P. 39 ff .; In: Susanne Sievers / Otto Helmut Urban / Peter C. Ramsl: Lexicon for Celtic Archeology. A-K ; Announcements of the prehistoric commission published by the Austrian Academy of Sciences , Vienna 2012, ISBN 978-3-7001-6765-5 , p. 109.