Banshan Machang culture

Neolithic cultures of China
Mesolithic
Neolithic
Shangshan culture	11000-9000 cal BP
Zaoshi culture of the lower class	7500-7000 BC Chr.
Pengtoushan culture	7500-6100 BC Chr.
Gaomiao culture	7400-7100 BC Chr.
Zhaobaogou culture	7000-6400 BC Chr.
Hemudu culture	7000-4500 BC BC / 5000–3300 BC Chr.
Houli culture	6250-5850 BC Chr.
Xinglongwa culture	6200-5400 BC Chr.
Laoguantai culture also Dadiwan-I culture	6000-5000 BC BC / 6000-3000 BC Chr.
Dadiwan culture	5800-3000 BC Chr.
Chengbeixi culture	5800-4700 BC Chr.
Peiligang culture	5600-4900 BC Chr.
Xinle culture	5500-4800 BC Chr.
Cishan culture	5400-5100 BC Chr.
Beixin culture	5400-4400 BC Chr.
Qingliangang culture	5400-4400 BC Chr.
Tangjiagang culture	5050-4450 BC Chr.
Baiyangcun culture	5000-3700 BC Chr.
Yangshao culture also Miaodigou-I culture	5000-2000 BC Chr.
Yingpanshan culture	5000 –... v. Chr.
Caiyuan culture	4800-3900 BC Chr.
Majiabang culture	4750-3700 BC Chr.
Hongshan culture	4700-2900 BC Chr.
Daxi culture	4400-3300 BC Chr.
Dawenkou culture	4100-2600 BC Chr.
Beiyinyangying culture	4000-3000 BC Chr.
Songze culture	3900-3200 BC Chr.
Miaozigou culture	3500-3000 BC Chr.
Liangzhu culture	3400-2000 BC Chr.
Longshan culture also Miaodigou II culture	3200-1850 BC Chr.
Shanbei culture	3050-2550 BC Chr.
Majiayao culture	3000-2000 BC Chr.
Xiaoheyan culture	3000-2000 BC Chr.
Tanshishan culture	3000-2000 BC Chr.
Shixia culture	2900-2700 BC Chr.
Qujialing culture	2750-2650 BC Chr.
Shijiahe culture	2600-2000 BC Chr.
Banshan Machang culture	2500-2000 BC Chr.
Baodun culture	2500-1700 BC Chr.
Keshengzhuang II culture	2300-2000 BC Chr.
Zhukaigou culture	...– 1500 BC Chr.
Qijia culture	2000 –... v. Chr.
Qugong culture	v. Chr.
Shangzhai culture	v. Chr.
Xinkailiu culture	v. Chr.
Youziling culture	v. Chr.
Kuahuqiao culture	v. Chr.
Lijiacun culture	v. Chr.
Pianbaozi culture	v. Chr.
Banpo culture	v. Chr.
Shijia culture	v. Chr.
Miaodigou culture	v. Chr.
Xiwangcun culture	v. Chr.
Qinwangzhai culture	v. Chr.
Hougang culture	v. Chr.
Dasikongcun culture	v. Chr.
Xiawanggang culture	v. Chr.
Changguogou culture	v. Chr.
Copper Age

The Banshan Machang Culture ( Chinese  半山 - 马 厂 文化 , Pinyin Bànshān-Mǎchǎng wénhuà , English Banshan-Machang Culture ) was a late Neolithic culture in the area of ​​the upper Huang He (Yellow River) in Gansu and Qinghai in northwest China . According to the radiocarbon method , the Banshan-Machang culture is dated from around 2500 to 2000 BC. Dated.

The various eponymous sites were initially discovered separately in 1923 in Banshan (半山), Hezheng (和政) ( Gansu Province ) and Machangyuan (马 厂 塬), Minhe (民和) ( Qinghai Province ). The sites were initially assigned to the Majiayao culture (which is also known as the Yangshao culture from Gansu (Gānsù Yǎngsháo Wénhuà)), but their ceramics with colored decoration show relatively many differences to that of Majiayao.

The culture was mainly spread in the catchment area of ​​the Tao He (洮河) and Daxia He (大 夏河) rivers in Gansu and the Huang Shui (湟 水) in Qinghai Province . Agriculture was the most important economic factor, stone knives, stone axes and bone arrowheads were used. As for domestic animals, there were pigs and dogs.

The handcrafted clay pots come in the shapes hú (壶), wèng (瓮), guàn (罐) and pén (盆). The ceramics with colored decoration is very developed. The colors red and black are used to decorate the ceramics from Banshan , and they are often framed with sawtooth-shaped patterns. The ceramics with colored decoration from Machang often use red color, the shape and ornamentation are very close to that of Banshan, they resemble an earlier and later stage of development of the same culture.

The Machangyuan site (Machangyuan yizhi 马 厂 塬 遗址) in Minhe 's Hui and Tu Autonomous County has been on the List of Monuments of the People's Republic of China (3-191) since 1988 .

gallery

• 

  Human head, part of an urn from the Banshan phase of the Yangshao culture. East Asian Museum ( Östasiatiska Museet ), Stockholm.

• 

  Painted pottery jug from the Banshan phase of the Yangshao culture. Museum of the Mausoleum of the King of Nanyue from the Western Han Dynasty , Guangzhou, China.

• 

  Painted potter's wheel with a triangular design.

See also

• List of Neolithic sites in China
• Majiayao culture

literature

• Cihai ("Sea of ​​Words"), Shanghai cishu chubanshe, Shanghai 2002, ISBN 7-5326-0839-5
• Zhongguo da baike quanshu : Kaoguxue (archeology). Beijing: Zhongguo da baike quanshu chubanshe, 1986
• Gansu Sheng Bowuguan 甘肃 省 博物馆 等 [Gansu Provincial Museum]: "Lanzhou Tugutai Banshan-Machang wenhua mudi 兰州 土 谷 台 半山 - 马 厂 文化 墓地", Kaogu xuebao考古学 报, 1983.2

Web links

Commons : Banshan phase  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• org / library / 2008-02 / 15 / content_33544.htm Machangyuan Site - English
• Banshan Machang wenhua wawen caitao
• Archaeological discoveries at the Lajia site, Minhe County, Qinghai Province (sites discovered by JG Anderson)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Cihai , p. 66.
2. ↑ Cihai , p. 66. This work deals with this culture under the name used here. The following illustration is closely aligned with the Cihai .
3. ↑ See the entries Banshan yizhi (Banshan site) and Machang yizhi (Machang site) in the archeology volume of the Great Chinese Encyclopedia ( Zhongguo da baike quanshu ).
4. ↑ Cihai , p. 66.
5. ↑ K-11038-005 :: Lock , on kulturarvsdata.se