Umstadt area
The area Umstadt is a wine-growing area in the wine region Hessian mountain road in Hesse . It is also known as the Odenwald wine island , because it is geographically separated from the Bergstrasse north of the Odenwald near Groß-Umstadt in the Darmstadt-Dieburg district .
Locations and grape varieties
In the Umstadt area, the following individual layers are defined:
| Name single layer | Location | Area (ha) | Height (above sea level) | Tilt | Exposure | Soil basis | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brensbach Holy Fir | Brensbach | <1 | 200-240 | steep | south | gravel | located at the Oberwald, 2 areas, not built up (used 1950–1990) |
| Herrnberg | Groß-Umstadt (core city) , Heubach | 48 | 200-240 | sloping to steep | Southeast-South-Southwest | Porphyry , loess loam | 1 main location and 5 other smaller areas |
| Rossberg | Rossdorf | 5.5 | 210-240 | pending | southwest | loamy sand with basalt subsoil of the Roßberg | 1 main location |
| Stachelberg | Klein-Umstadt , Kleestadt | 32.5 | 210-240 | sloping to steep | South southeast | Porphyry , loess loam , barite veins | 1 main location + 2 additional areas |
| Stone back | Groß-Umstadt (core city) | 13.5 | 210-240 | sloping to steep | south | Porphyry , loess loam | 1 main location |
| Wingertsberg | Dietzenbach | <1 | 150-180 | pending | south | Melaphyr | 1 area, not built on |
So around 100 hectares would be available. 78 ha are cultivated with white wine on 58 ha and red wine on 20 ha (figures: as of 2018 ).
In the Umstadt area, 31 grape varieties are grown, 13 red and 18 white wine varieties:
The percentages relate to the total built-up area of 78 hectares ( as of 2018 ):
- White wines : Riesling (32%), Kerner (5%), Silvaner (9%), Müller-Thurgau (11 %), Pinot Gris (5%), Pinot Blanc (3%). There are also Gewürztraminer , Red Riesling , Sauvignon Blanc , Chardonnay , Auxerrois , Johanniter , Ehrenfelser , Scheurebe , Gelber Muskateller , Roter Traminer and Bacchus (together 9.4%)
- Red wines : Pinot Noir (10%), Dornfelder (6%), Portuguese (3%), Regent (3%). Complemented by Acolon , Blauer Frühburgunder , Saint Laurent , Schwarzriesling , Merlot , Cabernet Sauvignon , Cabernet Mitos , Cabernet Dorsa and Dunkelfelder (together 3.6%).
- Riesling, Kerner and Pinot Noir make good sparkling wines .
history
The history of Umstädter viticulture probably began with the Roman occupation and development of the Civitas Auderiensium in the right bank of the Rhine part of the Upper Germanic province Germania superior of the Roman Empire . The eloquent example is the villa rustica , which was uncovered during excavations under today's town church and two so-called grape stones with images of grapes that were found today in the church and in the Gruberhof .
Written evidence of viticulture in Umstadt can be found in Franconian times : In the year 822 the abbot of the Fulda monastery (former fiefdom in Umstadt) and later Archbishop of Mainz , Rabanus Maurus, had eight copy books created , which were used as property, service and and interest registers were used. According to more recent research, the first mention of Umstadt viticulture is even backdated to 775.
Before the beginning of the Thirty Years War , around 145 hectares of vineyards were planted in Umstadt, with a reported yield of 4,750 hectoliters of wine. After the end of the Thirty Years' War, only 4 hectares could be cultivated. It was only around 1730 that the area under cultivation almost reached the level at the beginning of the 17th century. With the beginning of industrialization , the area under cultivation decreased continuously: vineyards were given up in favor of arable and fruit tree areas. In 1843, 40 hectares of wine were only grown on the favorable slopes. The fungal diseases real and downy mildew, which were introduced from America in 1860, led to a further decline in the area under cultivation. The phylloxera , which caused severe damage in other parts of Europe, did not occur in the Umstadt wine-growing region.
During the Weimar period, initiated by the experimental farm of the Hessian Chamber of Agriculture, a renaissance of Umstadt viticulture began in 1927 . With the establishment of the Odenwälder Winzergenossenschaft eG in 1959, the revival of wine culture took place after the Second World War. This was accompanied by expansions and land consolidations. In 1971 the Umstadt area became part of the Hessische Bergstrasse wine-growing region.
One last small expansion was added in the 2010s. The winegrowers' cooperative ( vinum autmundis ) and eight other private wineries are currently producing wine from the Umstadt area.
Others
Wine trail
A wine trail has been set up in the Herrnberg vineyard since 2010 . On a two-kilometer route, information on viticulture and regional features are explained. So-called vine tables present the grape varieties grown . Small panels made of colored glass provide information about the color of the wine. Topics from viticulture , nature conservation , geology and geography , the history of the area and the increasing ecological cultivation are presented on lectern boards . Young visitors are given child-friendly information under the motto "Did you know ...". There are two entry options for the wine trail. The wine trail and the Herrnberg location are surrounded by the Herrnberg von Groß-Umstadt nature reserve and the Hainrichsberg tree group natural monument .
Wine festival
The traditional Großumstädter Winzerfest takes place in September.
Web links
- Outlines of the individual layers (without new areas)
- Umstadt area , history, grape varieties, locations on www.umstaedter-wein.de
- Odenwälder Weininsel on the website of the city of Groß-Umstadt
Individual evidence
- ^ Andreas Booß: Parcel-sharp demarcation, viticulture index, vineyard roll, locations , Darmstadt regional council, Eltville wine department department, 2000/2003, p. 14; (available on the website of the Hessian State Office for Nature Conservation, Environment and Geology)
- ^ Umstadt area. The locations of the Umstadt area , on www.umstaedter-wein.de , as of July 31, 2013; accessed on October 14, 2019
- ↑ Weinort Brensbach , Darmstädter Echo from November 23, 2015, online ; accessed on October 15, 2019
- ↑ a b Hrsg .: Umstädter Weinbauverein: Weinwegweiser 2014: Information and event notices around Umstädter Wein , 2014
- ^ Umstadt area. Grape variety index , at www.umstaedter-wein.de ; accessed on October 14, 2019
- ↑ Wine- growing companies on www.umstaedter-wein.de ; accessed on October 14, 2019
- ↑ Wine trail on www.umstaedter-wein.de ; accessed on June 13, 2018