Birklingen

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Birklingen
City of Iphofen
Coordinates: 49 ° 42 ′ 38 "  N , 10 ° 20 ′ 45"  E
Height : 336 m
Residents : 56
Incorporation : January 1, 1972
Postal code : 97346
Area code : 09326
map
Location of Birklingen (bold) in the Iphöfer municipality
Image of Birklingen

Birklingen is a district of the town of Iphofen in the Lower Franconian district of Kitzingen .

Geographical location

Birklingen is located in the extreme northeast of the Iphöfer urban area at the foot of the Roßberg , a prominent elevation of 477 m in the Steigerwald. The area of ​​the municipality of Castell begins in the north, while the east, southeast and south are occupied by the district of Neustadt an der Aisch-Bad Windsheim . The market town of Einersheim begins to the south-west and extends far into the Iphofens area. The city of Iphofen extends to the west.

The closest larger cities are Scheinfeld, about 9.5 kilometers away, and Kitzingen , 13.5 kilometers away.

The so-called picture oak can be found halfway between the city and its district . In addition, the Birklingen district has a share in the Schloßbergsattel nature reserve near Markt Einersheim .

The Franconian Marienweg runs through Birklingen .

history

The origin of the place name Birklingen is controversial. Several possible interpretations are mentioned in the literature. It is quite improbable that the name is derived from a first name of the 9th century, ie from "with the people of Birkilo". It is probably derived from the Middle High German word for young birch, birkel. Birklingen should be interpreted as a place where young birch trees stood and translated as “with the people who live near young birches”. Or maybe it was a blade , a valley overgrown with birch trees.

Birklingen was first mentioned in the sources in 1159. At that time, a "Cunrad de Birclingen" testified in a document from the Bishop of Würzburg. In 1244 the Benedictine nunnery in Kitzingen received the tithe of the village back from the Counts of Castell. In 1316 the village with the bailiwick, court and all validities from Albrecht von Hohenlohe and the widow Hedwig zu Castell came to the Nuremberg Teutonic Order. In 1341 the village was called "Bircklingen".

During the rest of the Middle Ages, changing rulers often followed. For example, Arnold von Seckendorff was found in Birklingen in 1346 . On October 15, 1404, Hans Zollner von Hellmitzheim acquired the village except for one Hube . In 1423 Elsbeth von Thüngen bequeathed the village to the St. Johannes Hospital in Iphofen. The first mention of a parish in the village of “Birckling” dates back to 1452. She is said to have been independent of Iphofen for a long time.

Prince-Bishop Johann von Grumbach had the Augustinian canons settle in the village in 1459, they were supposed to look after the pilgrimage in Birklingen , which flourished in the 15th century . In 1464 the canons acquired the village. After the Peasants' War of 1525, the monastery was dissolved in 1546. Thereupon the Hochstift Würzburg received the place. At times he was called "Pirckling" at this time.

After the canon monastery had ceased to exist for some time, the village name "Closter Bircklingen" prevailed at times. In the 18th century, Birklingen was deserted for some time before it was rebuilt under Bishop Franz Ludwig von Erthal . It was called "Neu-Birklingen" until the 19th century. In 1972 Birklingen came to the newly formed community of Iphofen.

Culture and sights

Architectural monuments

The branch church of St. Maria

The Catholic branch church is dedicated to St. Mary. Originally the church was built because of a miraculous Vesper picture, which is now in the St. Vitus Church Iphofen. A pilgrimage quickly drew pilgrims to Birklingen, which resulted in the establishment of the Augustinian Canons' Monastery . In the years 1458 to 1463 the choir and tower were built, after which work began on the building of the nave, which was completed in 1506.

After the church was destroyed in the German Peasants' War, Bishop Julius Echter pushed for its reconstruction as a smaller chapel. Again the church was rebuilt from 1789 to 1794 according to the plans of Johann Michael Fischer . The still existing high altar was built in 1794. The oldest part of the furnishings is a late Gothic Madonna figure.

Remnants of the canon monastery have been preserved next to the church. The remains of the former convent building date from the middle of the 15th century, some of the foundation walls of which are still there. There are also some farm buildings. On the way to Birklingen there was a small chapel dedicated to the Holy Trinity from 1715 , which had been built for the pilgrims.

Say

The village lake

Several legends have the large village lake as their theme. One day chopped two neighbors on their fields near the lake their beets . When the angelus bell rang out from the village church, the two were praying in their fields. While they were praying, a little man suddenly appeared next to them. It said: “Oh, how stupid you are that you have to struggle so hard! There's so much money down there in the lake that you'll never have to worry again. "

The men, however, doubted the little man's testimony and loudly contradicted him. Then it suddenly disappeared and could no longer explain the exact place where the treasure was to be found. The legend may have a real core. The Birklingers are said to have sunk their church bell in the lake when the village was threatened by the Swedes in the Thirty Years War. The bell is supposed to ring at certain times today.

The image of Mary

Another Birklingen legend refers to the founding history of the Augustinian Canons Monastery, which shaped the history of the village for a long time. In the 15th century, a picture of Mary is said to have been found in a tree , which soon afterwards worked miracles. The Pietà soon attracted pilgrims too. During the Thirty Years' War the picture miraculously disappeared and was not found again until 1700 in the interior of the Birklingen Chapel. Then it was brought to Iphofen.

The image of the Virgin did not stay long in Iphofen. The picture had already returned to Birklingen the day after it was transferred to the nearby city. A second transfer was also unsuccessful. Thereupon the Iphöfer vowed to hold a procession to Birklingen every September 8th . After the oath , the image of the Virgin remained in Iphofen. Actually, the procession was announced by the Iphöfer because of the plague .

literature

Web links

Commons : Birklingen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
  • Birklingen: Homepage , accessed on September 18, 2014

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Wolf-Armin Freiherr von Reitzenstein: Lexicon of Franconian place names. Beck, Munich 2013, p. 39 ( Google Books ).
  2. ^ Ortmann, Wolf Dieter: District of Scheinfeld . P. 16.
  3. ^ Ortmann, Wolf Dieter: District of Scheinfeld . P. 16.
  4. ^ Bauer, Hans - Kitzingen district . P. 112 f
  5. ↑ Elfriede Würl: Kosmas and Damian. Your impact history in Franconia. In: Würzburg specialist prose studies. Contributions to medieval medicine, pharmacy and class history from the Würzburg Medical History Institute, [Festschrift] Michael Holler on his 60th birthday. Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg 1995 (= Würzburg medical-historical research , 38), ISBN 3-8260-1113-9 , pp. 134–155; here: p. 148 f.
  6. ↑ Klarmann, Johann Ludwig (among others): Legends and sketches from the Steigerwald . Pp. 102-104.