Bus traffic in Munich

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BUS-Logo-blau.svg

In addition to the underground , S-Bahn and tram, bus transport in Munich is an important part of Munich’s local public transport . It is operated by the Münchner Verkehrsgesellschaft (MVG) and its cooperation partners as part of the Münchner Verkehrs- und Tarifverbund (MVV). In 2016, 200 million passengers were carried.

Creation and optimization

MAN / Göppel articulated bus 145

"TopBus" project

In October 2002, MVG started the "TopBus" project, which aimed to completely redesign the inner-city bus network. This was intended to take account of the changed traffic needs and to eliminate the problems of the historically grown network, which was repeatedly adapted and changed in detail.

The requirements for the new bus network were a clear structure, greater economy and the harmonization of the timetable files. The first draft for the new bus network was available in October 2003 and the new bus network went into operation on December 12, 2004. Went along with it

  • the differentiation into the three bus types MetroBus , StadtBus and TaxiBus
  • more stops
  • harmonized bars
  • and a new line number system.

With the timetable change on December 15, 2013, the majority of the bus routes were converted to zero symmetry, creating an important prerequisite for good connections to and from the S-Bahn, which uses the same minute of symmetry.

construction

Bus types

The bus network is divided into four types: ExpressBus (X + two-digit line numbers), MetroBus (two-digit line numbers), StadtBus (three-digit line numbers) and, as a special form, TaxiBus (only one line in evening traffic).

Munich MetroBus lines primarily serve tangential connections and radials that are not accessible from the rail network
The integration of the MetroBus lines (in orange) into the Munich express transport network
City bus operating on behalf of MVG

Express bus

There are currently five express bus routes in Munich with the lines X30, X35, X36, X80 and X98. These lines serve only a few stops on their route, especially at junctions with the underground, S-Bahn or tram.

With the 2014 timetable change, the first express bus line was introduced with the X30 line. It connects four districts ( Bogenhausen , Haidhausen , Giesing , Sendling ) and all subway lines as a tangential line south of the city center. In December 2019, the route from the Ostbahnhof to the Arabellapark was extended.

In the north of the city, the X50 line was set up in December 2018, which connects Moosach , Milbertshofen , Freimann and Schwabing directly via the Frankfurter Ring . In 2019 the line was renamed X35 and some of the journeys were made under the designation X36 to Allach station instead of Moosach .

Line X80 has been running since April 29, 2019. It connects the S-Bahn lines S1 to S4 northwest of the city center and connects the communities of Puchheim and Gröbenzell in Moosach to the underground .

Line X98 has been in operation since 2017 and connects the main train station and Hellabrunn zoo without changing trains at weekends .

MetroBus

Lines 50 to 60, 62, 63 and 68 form the MetroBus network. They serve the busiest sections of the Munich bus network and run every day of the week at least every 10 minutes, in the evening every 20 minutes, mostly with articulated buses . An exception is e.g. B. the line 59, which is mostly served by solo buses on Sundays. Your task is to connect the individual city districts, traffic hubs and shopping centers (e.g. OEZ ) with each other, and to tangentially supplement the subway and tram network. Some MetroBus lines are intended to be fully or partially converted to tram operation due to their high passenger volume. In December 2011, the MetroBus line 59 was completely replaced by the extension of the tram to St. Emmeram. It is also planned to replace a large part of today's MetroBus line 51 with the so-called western bypass of the tram; a specific time schedule has not been set. Other MetroBus lines, on the other hand, have taken over the service of heavily demanded sections that were previously used by trams. Today's MetroBus lines 58 and 68 (CityRing) use the old south branch of tram line 17, which was closed in 1983. StadtBus line 152 became MetroBus line 62 in December 2012, and StadtBus line 133 became MetroBus line 63 in December 2013 and the city bus route 144 upgraded to MetroBus route 59 in December 2014.

City bus

The majority of all bus routes are the city bus routes. Depending on the number of passengers and the day of the week or time of day, they run every 10 or 20 minutes, sometimes with solo buses and sometimes with articulated buses, and open up the urban districts in the area. The lines were originally numbered so that the second digit of the number provides information about the main catchment area of ​​the line.

City bus line that differs from the numbering scheme:

  • Line 100 : Officially designated and advertised as a museum line, the StadtBus line 100 deviates from the usual numbering scheme. On its way from the Ostbahnhof through Haidhausen, Lehel and Maxvorstadt to the Nord Hauptbahnhof, it visits a total of 24 museums.

TaxiBus

minibus

Currently, only a section of the StadtBus-Line 164 is operated as a TaxiBus line in the evening hours, whereby a ride must be ordered at least half an hour before departure. The TaxiBus serves parts of Allach.

Replacement lines

Lines 101 to 106 were initially used for replacement bus lines for the subway, in the event that it fails and needs to be replaced by buses. Line 101 served the route of the U1, line 102 the U2, etc.

Lines 112 to 127 formed the replacement lines for the tram. As with the subway, the principle here was to add 100 to the tram line number to be replaced.

For some time now, however, the regular line numbers have also been used for rail replacement services, so that the above-mentioned. Numbers are no longer used.

Night lines

Two buses of the night bus line N79 at St.-Veit-Str.

Night line network and timetable were significantly expanded for the 2011/2012 timetable period. For the 2015 timetable change, two new lines were added and the route of two bus routes was extended. In addition, new line numbers were assigned.

The night bus network is subdivided as follows:

  • N40 – N45 : Diameter lines with nodes at Stachus and ring lines around the city center
  • N71 – N79 : Lines running on the outskirts of the city, which have a connection to tram or 40 bus lines of the night network at their end towards the city
  • N80 / 81 : Opposite ring lines, run from Pasing station to the westernmost Munich districts and the Fürstenfeldbruck district

business

Surface control center

All bus traffic is controlled and monitored via the surface control center in the municipal utility center (SWZ) on Emmy-Noether-Straße. The computer-controlled operations control system (RBL) is used for this. Every vehicle has an integrated on-board information system (IBIS) that is in contact with the control center via radio data transmission.

Bus acceleration

Traffic light in Munich

In the context of the bus acceleration buses MVG obtained by radio transmission and / or driving over induction loops at traffic lights a priority circuit . Accelerating requires an adjustment of the traffic light infrastructure along the route and shortens travel times by around 10 to 20 percent. The investment costs are amortized within a few years, as fewer cars and therefore fewer drivers are required to operate an accelerated line with the same cycle rate. These traffic lights can counteract the green wave .

Connection protection

Connection protection was set up at 27 nodes. These rendezvous places can be found at Harras and Arabellapark, for example . The computer-controlled operations control system ensures that the tram and bus lines involved wait for each other so that passengers can transfer safely.

Bus depot Moosach

The Moosach bus depot is located on the corner of Georg-Brauchle-Ring and Hanauer Straße for the maintenance and charging of 200 electric buses.

Vehicle fleet

As of November 2017, a fleet of 535 buses was operating in the Munich bus network . Of these, 217 articulated and 63 solo buses as well as 37 bus trains (total: 317 buses) belonged to the vehicle fleet of Stadtwerke München or its subsidiary MVG, while the remaining 218 buses (i.e. approx. 41% of the total fleet) are provided by the numerous private cooperation companies were.

Only low-floor buses of the three makes Mercedes-Benz , MAN and Solaris from the years of construction 1993 to 2011 are used in Munich . Every year, part of MVG's own fleet is renewed, for example in 2011 with the delivery of a total of eleven new Mercedes-Benz Citaro vehicles G, one of which is a hybrid version. An Urbino 18 articulated bus from Solaris, which was delivered in 2008, is also equipped with a hybrid drive and runs exclusively on MetroBus line 52. Since October 2013, MVG has been using bus trains again . Initially, ten Solaris U12 (three-door) with two-door Göppel trailers (go4cityT) trains were procured. Further trailers from Hess are constantly being procured, also from the subcontractors.

At the beginning of 2015, MVG owned 296 buses, including 63 solo buses, 207 articulated buses, 22 carriage buses (bus trains with trailers) and 4 hybrid buses (MAN, Mercedes, Solaris, Volvo).

Furnishing

an old ticket machine
MVG ticket machine with new equipment

All buses are low-floor buses and are wheelchair accessible via ramps. Since 2004, all buses have been delivered with air conditioning, and since 2006 they have also been equipped with flat screens for passenger information. Each bus has a ticket machine where some tickets can be bought with coins. However exist in newer vehicles and newer machines with touch screen - Display can be to which also paid bills. The new machine also offers credit card and NFC payments .

Soot filter

All MVG buses and almost all of the private bus operators are equipped with particle filters with an upstream oxidation catalytic converter ( CRT system ). All vehicles equipped with this meet the requirements of the Euro 5 limits that will apply from 2010 . The first public service bus with a soot filter was the 5410, a low-floor articulated bus prototype from 1987.

Low-floor construction

The development of low-floor technology was largely driven by Munich. In 1987 the first low-floor prototype articulated bus from the Neoplan company drove in Munich , and in 1991/92 the first large-scale series of a total of 105 low-floor buses of the type MAN NL 202 went into operation. In 1993 and 1994, 155 low-floor buses followed, including 82 articulated vehicles. For all subsequent bus acquisitions, low-floor vehicles were now standard. Since August 2001, MVG in Munich has been using only low-floor vehicles that are suitable for the disabled in scheduled operations. The low-floor prototype from Neoplan from 1987, car 5410, has been preserved and can be viewed today in the MVG Museum in Munich. Car 4858 from the first low-floor large-scale series of the type MAN NL 202 has been preserved, also in the care of the Omnibus-Club München eV, and is regularly used at events in Munich. Car 4843 reached the traffic center of the Deutsches Museum on Theresienhöhe via the club .

Electric buses

Electric buses put to the test

Münchner Verkehrsbetriebe has been testing electric and hybrid buses from a wide range of manufacturers since 2008 in order to gain operational experience. The buses are mostly used on line 100:

  • December 4, 2013 - January 3, 2014: 12 m long electric bus, so-called BYD ebus , made by the Chinese manufacturer BYD with lithium iron phosphate batteries. The bus was used on line 153.
  • Solaris Urbino electric, a midibus 8.9 m long on route 153. The bus has lithium-ion batteries.
  • ? until February 19, 2015: 12 m long vehicle from the Dutch manufacturer Ebusco , with lithium iron phosphate batteries.
  • April 30th - May 10th, 2015: Solo bus made by Sileo from Salzgitter, with lithium iron phosphate batteries.
  • June 11th - June 21st, 2015: Solo bus from eBUS-EUROPA GmbH, Memmingen, with manganese-cobalt batteries with a capacity of 265 kWh.
  • August 17 - September 1, 2016: S18 articulated bus from the manufacturer Sileo with 50 seats and 69 standing places on line 52.
  • July 1 - July 9, 2017: Articulated bus S18 on line 100

Electric buses in regular service

In 2015, MVG ordered two solo buses with a length of 12 m from the manufacturer Ebusco. They were delivered in summer 2017 and used in scheduled service from October 2017.

In 2017 there was a tender for two electric articulated buses, which have been in use since the end of 2018. Further electric solo buses were ordered in 2018. Sufficient electric buses have been available to operate an electric bus line since 2019.

Accidents

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ MVG in numbers , mvg.de
  2. ↑ MVG press release October 13, 2003 ( Memento from February 25, 2004 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ↑ MVG press release March 29, 2004 ( Memento from April 8, 2004 in the Internet Archive )
  4. ↑ Editorial staff mvg.de: Express buses | Münchner Verkehrsgesellschaft mbH. Retrieved December 16, 2019 .
  5. ↑ MVG timetable change: Everything will change. In: sueddeutsche.de. Retrieved January 20, 2020 .
  6. ↑ a b That changes with the MVV timetables. In: sueddeutsche.de. Retrieved January 20, 2020 .
  7. ↑ Editorial office mvg.de: The new ExpressBus X50. Archived from the original on December 31, 2018 ; accessed on December 30, 2018 .
  8. ↑ New Bus X80 , MVG on April 29, 2019, accessed on March 21, 2020
  9. ↑ Editor mvg.de: New Tierpark Express X98: Without changing from the main station. Retrieved April 20, 2017 .
  10. ↑ Information from the MVG on the tram to St. Emmeram ( Memento from January 28, 2016 in the web archive archive.today )
  11. ↑ Change of timetable at MVG: That is changing
  12. ↑ MVG press release on museum line 100 from May 21, 2007 ( Memento from October 31, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
  13. ↑ Changes to the night lines ( Memento from February 26, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 2.6 MB)
  14. ↑ Munich Road Traffic Authority on Green Waves
  15. ↑ MVG in numbers. (PDF; 1.1 MB) p. 2 , accessed on November 27, 2015 .
  16. ↑ MVG press release of January 4, 2011 ( Memento of December 25, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 54 kB)
  17. ↑ Information from MVG on the use of hybrid buses ( Memento from September 5, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
  18. ↑ Information from the MVG on the use of bus trains ( Memento from July 9, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
  19. ↑ Marco Völklein: Just get in . In: Süddeutsche Zeitung . No. 41 . Munich, February 19, 2015, p. R2 .
  20. ↑ MVG press release May 31, 2007 ( Memento of October 31, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF).
  21. ↑ MVG - time travel
  22. ↑ MVG - Our buses ( Memento from January 6, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
  23. ↑ Omnibusrevue of December 3, 2013, accessed on June 22, 2015
  24. ↑ Omnibusrevue of February 11, 2015, accessed on June 22, 2015
  25. ↑ Omnibusrevue of June 11, 2015, accessed on June 22, 2015
  26. ↑ Line 52: Electric articulated bus in the test for the first time , MVG press release of August 19, 2016, accessed on September 21, 2017
  27. ↑ Line 100: MVG will test electric articulated bus from July 1 , press release of the MVG from June 30, 2017, accessed on September 21, 2017

Web links

Commons : Munich Bus System  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files