Florence Charter (GMO Coexistence)
| Charter of the Regions and Local Authorities of Europe on the Subject of Coexistence of Genetically Modified Crops with Traditional and Organic Farming | |
|---|---|
| Short title: | Charter of Florence, Charter of GMO-Free Regions |
| Date: | February 4, 2005 |
| Reference: | - |
| Contract type: | Charter |
| Legal matter: | EU law |
| Signing: | 42 regions from 7 countries (2007) |
| Ratification : | -
|
| Germany: | 11 out of 16 federal states |
| Austria: | all 9 federal states |
| Please note the note on the applicable contract version . | |
The Charter of the Regions and Local Authorities of Europe on the Subject of Coexistence of Genetically Modified Crops with Traditional and Organic Farming is a declaration by regions of various European countries, including all prefectures of Greece. It includes the refusal to cultivate genetically modified plants in these regions. The document was formulated and adopted on February 4, 2005 in Florence .
Translated into German, the title means something like 'Charter of regional governments and municipal authorities in Europe on the coexistence of genetically modified plants with traditional and organic farming'. It is usually called the Florence Charter or the GM-Free Regions Charter .
Content of the document
Priority demands that the network made on the European institutions are:
- Definition of measures to avoid distortions of competition , taking into account the principle of subsidiarity
- clear specification of those responsible in the event of contamination of products from conventional or organic farming by genetically modified crops (based on the polluter pays principle )
- Take measures to avoid the presence of GMOs in seeds for conventional as well as organic farming
- Approval that the European regions themselves can define their areas or parts of them GMO-free, taking into account the economic and environmental specifics and the recognition of responsibilities in each member state.
history
In 2003 the EU formulated guidelines for the coexistence of genetically modified, conventional and organic crops ( Directive 2003/556 / EC of July 23, 2003). As a result, the European network of GMO-free regions was created in Bilbao on November 4, 2003 , with the aim of establishing a common position on organic , conventional and genetic engineering agriculture (culture of genetically modified plants , GMO, GTO).
At the 3rd conference in Florence the Florence Charter was formulated and decided, in which the then 20 regions - regional governments and local authorities , many of which do not have the power to legislate for those in the policy of the EU Coexistence ( general principles contained in Recommendation 2003/556 / EC ) of different concerns - expressing the commitment to freedom from genetic engineering . The common goals were formulated with the declaration of Rennes (4th) and the final declaration of Turin . (5.)
In 2008 the European Office for Coexistence (at the Institute for Prospective Studies of the JRC , IPTS-JRC for short, in Seville) was set up to further improve the effectiveness of technical coexistence measures. With the repeal of the ban on cultivation of a special maize variety, which had been banned in Austria, Hungary and then France, in 2009, these concerns were also enforced against the community, which in principle does not allow a general ban on genetic engineering, but also allows the autonomy of the regions Tried to respect.
With Recommendation 2010 / C 200/01, which would repeal the old 2003/556 / EC (not yet adopted by the Council of Ministers and Parliament 10/2010), and “appropriate measures” in “their regional and national peculiarities and specific local needs “Expressly suggests, at least the 4th point of the demands of the Florence Charter has become the official opinion of the EU Commission. According to a report submitted in November 2010 by the legal service of the European Council, the EU Commission's plans violate world trade agreements .
National implementation
Germany
Although Schleswig-Holstein was one of the founding members, it resigned on September 28, 2005 (B2.) . On July 31, 2012, the state rejoined after a change of government.
Thuringia joined the network at its 8th annual conference on November 23, 2010 in Vienna.
North Rhine-Westphalia joined the network on October 10, 2011.
Baden-Württemberg joined the network on October 11, 2012.
Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland joined the network on May 22, 2013.
Lower Saxony joined the network on January 29, 2014.
Bavaria joined the network on April 10, 2014.
Hessen joined the network on May 21, 2014.
Bremen joined the network on May 5, 2015.
Hamburg joined the network on May 7, 2015.
Austria
Upper Austria , a founding member of the network alongside the State of Salzburg , has been one of the driving forces behind the GMO-Free Regions campaign right from the start, along with Tuscany. Over the years, all nine federal states have joined, most recently Vorarlberg in 2007, so that Austria has fully committed itself to being GM-free . This changed the concern from a regional to a national one, which includes federal initiatives as well as Austria's attitude towards the EU. The Austrian Charter for GMO-Free was formulated as early as 2004/2006, the genetic engineering referendum was accepted with more than 1.2 million votes in 1997 , and with the repeal of the Austrian ban on cultivation of a special maize variety in March 2009, these guidelines were also enforced against the community. The new Recommendation 2010 / C 200/01 expressly allows “large areas to be exempted from the cultivation of genetically modified organisms […] if…] the measures […] are in proportion to the desired goal, namely to protect certain farmers' needs, the conventional ones or operate ecological cultivation. ”This is just as beneficial to Austria's traditionally small-parcel structured agriculture as to the world's second-highest proportion (13%) of organically farmed cultivation area and the nature and environmental protection areas that are closely interlinked with the cultivated land , which means that genetically modified organisms can hardly be cultivated in a cleanly isolated manner .
Since 2008, in addition to the Genetic Engineering Act (GTG) and a national coexistence strategy, the concerns of the Florence Charter have been anchored at the state level with the genetic engineering precautionary laws, which represent an EU-compliant approach to maintaining the agricultural productive strengths of Austria. In 2015 the ban on genetic engineering was passed as a constitutional law in the National Council. The only thing missing is confirmation from the Federal Council. This would make Austria the first EU country to take advantage of its self-determination under EU regulations.
Greece
After the umbrella organization of the Greek prefectures (ENAE - Ένωση Νομαρχιακών Αυτοδιοικήσεων Ελλάδος ) joined the conference of the Assembly of European Regions in Brussels on May 17, 2005 (B1.) , Greece is the first country in the EU to fully commit to freedom from genetic engineering .The prefectures of Thrace (Thráki) and Rhodope (Rhodopi) had already been founding members of the network.
France
In France, 17 of the 25 regions are members of the network, the rest of the national territory is declared as GMO-free outside of the Florence Charter. After Greece and Austria, France was the third country in the EU to fully implement a regional solution.
Italy
11 of the 20 regions in Italy have signed the charter, including all of central Italy .
List of the Signing Regions
- Source: State of Salzburg / Brussels office, as of 2008
- italics: first signatory 2005
See also
source
- Charter of the Regions and Local Authorities of Europe on the Subject of Coexistence of Genetically Modified Crops with Traditional and Organic Farming. Signed in Florence, on the 4th of February 2005 ( . Pdf (port 8080; PDF; 394 kB) gmofree-euregions.net, accessed October 28, 2010 . CHARTER OF THE REGIONS AND LOCAL AUTHORITIES OF EUROPE ON THE SUBJECT OF COEXISTENCE OF Genetically modified CROPS WITH TRADITIONAL AND ORGANIC FARMING. (PDF) google, accessed October 28, 2010 . )
literature
- Report on the implementation of national measures for the coexistence of genetically modified, conventional and organic crops . COM (2006) 104 final. In: Commission of the European Communities (ed.): Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament . {SEC (2006) 313} CELEX 52006DC0104. Brussels, March 9, 2006 ( PDF , land.lebensministerium.at; html , EUR-Lex ).
- Franz Seifert: Upper Austria's ban on genetic engineering. Foreseeable failure, unusual alliances . In: SWS-Rundschau . 46th volume 4, 2006, p. 409–431 ( sws-rundschau.at [PDF; accessed on May 15, 2018] with an analysis of EU genetic engineering policy).
Web links
- gmofree-euroregions.regione.marche.it , European GMO-free Regions Network
- gmo-free-regions.org , European conference of GMO-free regions, for living diversity and rural development
- gmofree-euregions.net , European network of GMO-free regions
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Michaela Petz-Michez, Céline Theissen (Red., Ed.): 6th Conference of the European Network of GMO-Free Regions in Bilbao . In: Land Salzburg, Brussels office, (Ed.): Extra sheet from the EU liaison office in Brussels . No. 37 . Brussels May 2008, p. 3/4 ( salzburg.gv.at [PDF]). 6th Conference of the European Network of GMO-Free Regions in Bilbao ( Memento of the original from September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ cit. literally Petz-Michez, Theissen: Extrablatt . Ed .: State of Salzburg. No. 37 , 2008, p. 4 .
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↑ Recommendation 2003/556 / EC of the Commission of July 23, 2003 with guidelines for the development of national strategies and suitable procedures for the coexistence of genetically modified, conventional and organic crops. Announced under file number K (2003) 2624, OJ. . L 189 of 29 July 2003 ( . Web document . (Not available online) In: . Umwelt-online.de Archived from the original on June 29, 2010 , accessed October 28, 2010 . )
Repealed with guidelines for the development national coexistence measures to avoid the unintended presence of GMOs in conventional and organic crops. Commission recommendation of 13 July 2010 2010 / C 200/01 (PDF, bmg.gv.at) - ↑ a b Success for Austria's freedom from genetic engineering. In: LANDnet> GMO-free. Ministry of Life Public Relations, May 4, 2009, accessed on October 28, 2010 (Chronology 2002–2007).
- ↑ EU Commission: Countries may decide on the cultivation of genetically modified plants. Transgen.de, July 13, 2010. ( Memento of the original from October 3, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Z. (1) 2010 / C 200/01
- ↑ Z. (7) 2010 / C 200/01.
- ↑ Expert opinion: EU plans for national genetic engineering cultivation violate the WTO. Transgen.de, November 9, 2010. ( Memento of the original from January 13, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ http://www.schleswig-holstein.de/DE/Landesregierung/V/Presse/PI/2012_neu/0712/MELUR_120731_gentechnikfrei_Region.html
- ↑ a b c d e f g http://www.gmo-free-regions.org/gmo-free-regions/germany.html
- ↑ https://www.land.nrw/de/pressemitteilung/nordrhein-westfalen-tritt-dem-europaeischen-netzwerk-gentechnikfreier-regionen-bei
- ↑ http://mlr.baden-wuerttemberg.de/de/unser-service/presse-und-oeffentlichkeitsarbeit/pressemitteilung/pid/baden-wuerttemberg-tritt-europaeischem-netzwerk-gentechnikfreier-regionen-bei-1/
- ↑ cf Literature : Seifert: SWS-Rundschau . tape 4 , 2006.
- ↑ National GMO initiatives of the Ministry of Life. In: LANDnet> GMO-free. Lebensministerium III / 9, November 21, 2008, accessed on October 28, 2010 (Chronology 2002–2005).
- ↑ Austria's GMO initiatives at EU level. In: LANDnet> GMO-free. Lebensministerium III / 9, November 21, 2008, accessed on October 28, 2010 (Chronology 2002–2007).
- ↑ Austrian Charter for Freedom from Genetic Engineering. In: LANDnet> GMO-free. Ministry of Life III / 9, April 5, 2006, accessed October 28, 2010 .
- ↑ Z (5) 2010 / C 200/01
- ^ National coexistence strategy. In: LANDnet> GMO-free. Ministry of Life III / 9, November 21, 2008, accessed October 28, 2010 .
- ↑ Genetic engineering activities of the federal states. In: LANDnet> GMO-free. Ministry of Life Public Relations, February 21, 2006, accessed October 28, 2010 .
- ↑ Genetic engineering laws of the federal states. (No longer available online.) Greenpeace Austria, archived from the original on June 23, 2009 ; Retrieved October 28, 2010 .
- ↑ Prohibition of genetic engineering on ORF from July 8, 2015, accessed on July 8, 2015.
