Friedrich Schauta (physician)

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Friedrich Schauta
Summer Villa "Villa Waldhütte" which Friedrich Schauta in Reichenau an der Rax had built
The professors at the Medical University of Vienna, chalk drawing by Olga Prager, Vienna 1908–1910. In the Dean's Office of the Medical Faculty of the University of Vienna. Edmund von Neusser , Siegmund Exner-Ewarten , Isidor Schnabel , Ferdinand Hochstetter , Alfons Edler von Rosthorn , Anton Weichselbaum , Leopold Schrötter von Kristelli , Heinrich Obersteiner , Julius Wagner-Jauregg , Viktor von Ebner-Rofenstein , Carl Toldt , Gustav Riehl , Ottokar von Chiari , Anton von Frisch , Ernst Fuchs , Anton Freiherr von Eiselberg , Hans Horst Meyer , Ernst Ludwig , Rudolf Chrobak , Theodor Escherich , Alexander Kolisko , Julius von Hochenegg , Arthur Schattenfroh , Carl von Noorden , Emil Zuckerkandl , Richard Paltauf , Gustav Gaertner , Leopold Oser , Josef Moeller , Alois Monti , Julius Mauthner , Viktor Urbantschitsch , August Leopold von Reuss , Adolf von Strümpell , Ernest Finger , Adolf Lorenz , Friedrich Schauta

Friedrich Schauta (born July 15, 1849 in Vienna ; † January 10, 1919 there ) was an Austrian gynecologist and obstetrician .

Career

Schauta began his medical studies in his native Vienna, then moved to the University of Innsbruck and later to the Julius Maximilians University of Würzburg . In 1874 he obtained his doctorate in Vienna. med. His main interest was initially surgery: in 1874 he became an assistant in the surgical institute of Hofrat Johann von Dumreicher . He later turned to gynecology and worked from 1876 to 1881 as an assistant doctor and doctor at the II University Women's Clinic under Joseph Späth in Vienna. 1881 habilitated himself as professor of gynecology and obstetrics. In the same year he was appointed to the newly founded University Women's Clinic in Innsbruck as an additional professor for these fields, where he became associate professor in 1883 and full professor in 1884.

In 1887 Schauta accepted an offer to succeed August Breisky in Prague , but in 1891 returned to Vienna as the successor to Carl Braun von Fernwald to the chair for gynecology and obstetrics at the I. University Women's Clinic. Together with Rudolf Chrobak , head of the Second Vienna University Women's Clinic since 1879, Schauta designed and managed the new building for the Vienna Women's Clinic. He was buried in an honorary grave at the Vienna Central Cemetery . In 1929 the Schautagasse in Vienna- Favoriten was named after him.

Services

Schauta recognized and used the groundbreaking advances in the fields of radiology , bacteriology , histology and serology . His main achievement was the introduction of an operation for cervical cancer (collum cancer ), in which the uterus and ovaries are removed from the vagina ( Schauta-Stoeckel operation ). Schauta conducted a scientific discussion with Ernst Wertheim about the surgical technique for cervical cancer. In an abdominal radical operation, Wertheim removed the uterus, lymph nodes and parametric connective tissue after opening the abdominal wall. Both methods were risky. In Wertheim's radical surgery, up to 74 percent of the patients died, due to the size and duration of the operation. Fewer women died immediately after the operation with the display pocket operation. Due to the difficult access, however, the operation was rarely radical enough that only a few women could be cured of their cancer. The introduction of radium irradiation in 1913 brought decisive progress.

Fonts

  • Operative obstetrics floor plan . Vienna 1885.
  • Diagnosis of the early stages of chronic salpingitis . Archive for Gynecology, Berlin, XXXIII.
  • Gynecological leg holder . Prague Medical Weekly, 1889.
  • Cystic fibroids . Journal of Medicine. X.
  • The pelvic anomalies . In Müller's Handbook of Obstetrics , 2nd edition; Stuttgart, 1888.
  • Cloaking . Archive for Gynecology, Berlin, XXXIX.
  • Indication for total vaginal extirpation . Archive for Gynecology, Berlin, XXXIX.
  • Indication and technique of total vaginal extirpation . Journal of Medicine. 1891.
  • Contributions to the teaching of ectopic pregnancy. Prague 1891.
  • Treatment of the normal puerperium . Berlin, 1892.
  • Indication and technique of adnexal surgery . Negotiations of the German Society for Gynecology, 1893.
  • Fixed vaginal fistula surgery . Monthly magazine for obstetrics and gynecology, I. 1895
  • Surgery of rectal fistula. Negotiations of the German Society for Gynecology, 1896.
  • Caesarean section vaginalis. Medicine, 1898.
  • Textbook of the entire gynecology. Leipzig and Vienna, 1895–1894. (Italian translation Turin, 1898; 3rd edition, 1906–1907.)
  • The Austrian Building Companies 1848-1898 . In: Austrian welfare institutions , 3rd edition; Vienna, 1901.
  • Tabulae gynaecologicae . With Fritz Hitschmann (1870–1926). Vienna, 1905.
  • The extended vaginal total extirpation of the uterus in patients with collum carcinoma . Vienna and Leipzig, 1908.
  • The woman at 50 . Vienna, 1915.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ The faculty of the medical faculty of the University of Vienna, Vienna 1908-1910 . Photo credits: Collections of the Medical University of Vienna - Josephinum, picture archive; Associated personal identification .
  2. ↑ Barbara I. Tshisuaka: Schauta, Friedrich. In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 1290.
  3. ^ Friedrich Schauta grave site , Vienna, Zentralfriedhof, Group 0, Row 1, No. 85.
personal data
SURNAME Schauta, Friedrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian gynecologist
DATE OF BIRTH July 15, 1849
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna
DATE OF DEATH January 10, 1919
Place of death Vienna