Golzern

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Golzern
Large district town of Grimma
Coordinates: 51 ° 14 ′ 52 ″  N , 12 ° 47 ′ 1 ″  E
Height : 189 m above sea level NN
Residents : 271  (Nov 2010)
Incorporation : January 1, 1994
Incorporated into: Nerchau
Postal code : 04668
Area code : 03437

Golzern is part of the municipality of the Saxon city ​​of Grimma in the district of Leipzig .

geography

Golzern is located about 4 kilometers northeast of Grimma, in the side valley of a creek flowing west of the United Mulde . The federal motorway 14 runs north of Golzern , the nearest junctions are Grimma and Mutzschen .

Neighboring towns of Golzern are Nerchau and Schmorditz in the north, Würschwitz in the northeast, Deditz in the east, Pöhsig , Haubitz and Bröhsen in the southeast, Grechwitz and Döben in the southwest and Bahren in the northwest.

history

Mountain road in Golzern
Former station building

The first documented form of place name dates from 1350 as Golczhorn . In 1490 a flour mill on the Mulde is mentioned for the first time. This was later expanded to include an oil and sawmill, and a potato brandy distillery was added.

In 1816 August Schumann mentions Golzern in the State, Post and Newspaper Lexicon of Saxony regarding a. a .:

"[...] east of Grimma, on the road to Oschatz. It has 96 inhabitants, which have 8 ½ hooves , 27 horses. Own 83 cows and 120 sheep. There are good clay deposits near the village. It belongs in writing. to the Rittergute Döben, and is parish in Döben. "

In 1838 a paper mill was built on the eastern bank of the Mulden, which, among other things, produced music paper. After a fire, a paper factory was established in 1862, which geared its production to the manufacture of printing and specialty papers. A 3 meter weir was built to supply the factory with energy.

In 1847, the master locksmith Hartmann had a nail factory built near the paper factory, but a short time later converted it into an iron foundry and machine factory. Mainly iron stoves and agricultural machines were manufactured here. Inspired by the neighboring paper mill, the plant then specialized in the manufacture of machines for pulp and paper production. Production was later relocated to Grimma and the location was finally abandoned in 1913.

On July 1, 1877, with the opening of the station of the same name, Golzern received a railway connection on the Glauchau – Wurzen line .

A school was built in 1886, but in 1945, shortly before the end of the war, it was destroyed by shelling by American troops. It was rebuilt in 1946–1949.

In 1946 the paper mill was expropriated and became a state-owned company . As a result of the political change in 1990, operations in the paper mill were stopped in the same year. Up to this point in time printing and special papers were produced here. From September 1st until the closure on August 30th 1989 there was also a training center for paper makers. For the short period from September 1, 1989 to February 28 of the following year, there was a company academy of the VEB Zellstoff und Papier Heidenau.

In 1993, the Golzern GmbH paper factory was founded and production at the site was resumed. Today, around 30,000 tons of sheet and roll goods as well as packaging and crepe paper are produced here with 60 employees.

On January 1, 1995, freight traffic on the remaining section of the Muldentalbahn was stopped, and passenger traffic ended here on May 31, 1969. The tracks were later dismantled. In December 2004, after a construction period of 4 months, the Muldentalbahn cycle path between Grimma and Wurzen, which mainly used the old railway line, was opened to traffic.

The paper mill on the Mulde was massively flooded and damaged in both the 2002 flood and the 2013 June flood. The location was therefore given up in July 2013. The factory had recently achieved an annual production of 30,000 tons of paper and an annual turnover of € 8 million with 65 employees. For the production, 2 turbines generated an average of around 1400 kW of electricity.

Development of the population

year population
1548/51 15 possessed men , 2 cottagers , 10 residents , 18 hooves
1764 15 possessed men, 6 cottagers, 8 1 ⁄ 2   hooves
1834 195
1871 334
year population
1890 447
1910 504
1925 477
1939 483
year population
1946 551
1950 1 683
1964 1 593
1990 2 752

1 with Deditz
1 with Deditz and stretchers

politics

Deditz was incorporated on April 1, 1949, followed by Bahren on January 1, 1969.

On January 1, 1994, the community of Golzern was incorporated into the city of Nerchau. On January 1, 2011 Nerchau was again incorporated into Grimma, which means that Golzern has been part of Grimma since then.

additional

New Mulde bridge

Since 1890 a 112 meter long, massive Mulde bridge has connected the places Golzern and Bahren. The ferryman is said to have become unemployed and committed suicide. The gatekeeper of the paper factory collected bridge fees for pedestrians, oxen and donkeys until 1941. On April 17, 1945, the bridge was blown up by soldiers of the Wehrmacht and rebuilt a short time later. In 1998 it was replaced by a new building made of prestressed concrete .

The water level of the Mulde has been measured in Golzern since 1909. Until it was replaced by modern technology, the water level was recorded daily by human hands. Today the current water levels can be called up online.

literature

Web links

Commons : Golzern  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
  • Golzern in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Districts of Nerchau on grimma.de , accessed on May 20, 2013
  2. ↑ a b Cf. Golzern in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g Golzern on nerchau.de  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed February 8, 2012@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.nerchau.de  
  4. ↑ Cf. Golzern, Goltzern . In: August Schumann : Complete State, Post and Newspaper Lexicon of Saxony. 3rd volume. Schumann, Zwickau 1816, p. 266.
  5. ↑ a b Railway stations in Saxony , accessed on February 8, 2012
  6. ^ Online chronicle of the Golzern paper factory school , accessed on February 8, 2012
  7. ↑ a b Golzern paper mill homepage. Retrieved February 8, 2012.
  8. ↑ Muldentalbahn-Radweg on grimma.de , accessed on May 20, 2013.
  9. ↑ Golzern paper mill near Grimma relocates. Message on mdr.info, accessed July 19, 2013.
  10. ↑ Golzern paper mill homepage. Retrieved July 19, 2013.
  11. ↑ Golzern gauge on Environment.sachsen.de , accessed on February 8, 2012