Angel Brand

Basic data
State :	Baden-Württemberg
Administrative region :	Karlsruhe
County :	Enzkreis
Height :	587 m above sea level NHN
Area :	15.19 km 2
Residents:	4416 (Dec. 31, 2018)
Population density :	291 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	75331
Primaries :	07235, 07082
License plate :	PF
Community key :	08 2 36 013
LOCODE :	DE EBD
Address of the ; municipal administration:	Eichbergstrasse 1 ; 75331 Engelsbrand
Website :	www.engelsbrand.de
Mayor :	Thomas Keller
Location of the municipality of Engelsbrand in the Enzkreis

Engelsbrand is a municipality in the Enzkreis in Baden-Württemberg , about ten kilometers from Pforzheim .

geography

Geographical location

Engelsbrand forms the north-eastern edge of the Württemberg Black Forest .

geology

Engelsbrand lies on the Enz-Nagold-Platte and is characterized by clayey-sandy soils.

Community structure

The former communities of Grunbach and Salmbach belong to the community of Engelsbrand. Only the villages of the same name belonged to all earlier communities.

history

Until the 19th century

The communities Engelsbrand, Grunbach and Salmbach were created as Waldhufendörfer in the 11th to 12th centuries as part of the settlement by counts of the Hirsau monastery . The first secure documentary mention dates from July 24, 1404, when the stewards of the Brötzingen church applied for the separation of this and other villages ( Langenbrand , Kapfenhardt and Waldrennach ) from the church in Brötzingen and the formation of a new parish in Langenbrand. This application was approved on September 10, 1404. With the founding of the church, the place that was previously subordinate to the Lords of Calw became part of Württemberg .

During the Thirty Years War , the municipality was often plundered by armies passing through. Also snatched epidemics ( plague , dysentery , etc.), large parts towards the population. At the end of the 17th century, the area was again besieged and traversed by the troops of the French King Louis XIV , which caused further suffering. As a result of the French Revolutionary Wars , Engelsbrand was reoccupied by French troops in 1796.

In 1807 Engelsbrand, Grunbach and Salmbach were assigned to the Calw Oberamt within the Kingdom of Württemberg . As early as 1810, however, it was reorganized into the Neuenbürg District Office . Since 1817 this was subordinate to the Black Forest district . Since the 1860s, many residents of the community in nearby Pforzheim worked in the jewelry industry. In 1900, a Grunbach / Salmbach train station was set up on the Pforzheim - Calw railway line , which significantly shortened commuters' commutes.

During the district reform during the Nazi era in Württemberg , the three municipalities came to the district of Calw in 1938 . In 1945 they became part of the French occupation zone and in 1947 they were assigned to the newly founded state of Württemberg-Hohenzollern , which was incorporated into the state of Baden-Württemberg in 1952. On January 1, 1973 they came to the Enzkreis through the district reform in Baden-Württemberg .

Community merger

Today's community was re-established on January 1, 1975 by the union of the communities Engelsbrand, Grunbach and Salmbach. The incorporation of the old Baden town of Büchenbronn was rejected in 1973 in a public survey, particularly by the residents of Salmbach and Engelsbrand. Büchenbronn then decided to incorporate it into Pforzheim , which took place on January 1, 1974.

Coats of arms of the former municipalities

Angel Brand	Grunbach	Salmbach

Religions

Originally belonging to the parish Brötzingen , the area of today's parish came to the parish Langenbrand in 1404. In 1442 a chaplain was founded in Engelsbrand , which was also responsible for Grunbach. In 1535 the Reformation was introduced in the region , which led to the dissolution of the chaplaincy. Engelsbrand received church supplies from Langenbrand again. After the Schmalkaldic War , the region was temporarily Roman Catholic again from 1548 to 1552 , but has been consistently evangelical since then . Engelsbrand has only had its own parish again since 1892. In addition to the two regional churches, there is also a free Protestant community (Black Forest People's Mission).

Population development

date	Residents
1871	1396
1900	1577
1925	1879
May 17, 1939	1609
September 13, 1950	1808
0June 6, 1961	2073
May 27, 1970	3049
May 25, 1987	3785
December 31, 1991	4124
December 31, 1995	4289
December 31, 2000	4285
December 31, 2005	4353
December 31, 2010	4260
December 31, 2015	4339

politics

Municipal council

The local elections on May 26, 2019 in Engelsbrand led to the following preliminary final result. The turnout was 64.38% (2014: 58.9%). The municipal council consists of the elected voluntary councilors and the mayor as chairman. The mayor is entitled to vote in the municipal council.

Political party	be right	Seats	2014 result
Angel brandy worth living in	23.85%	3	29.75%, 5 seats
CDU	27.53%	4th	29.62%, 4 seats
SPD / Citizen List Engelsbrand	32.66%	5	28.14%, 4 seats
Green list	15.96%	2	12.49%, 2 seats

coat of arms

Blazon : In silver an obliquely left blue wavy strip, above it an obliquely left green holly leaf with two red berries, underneath a obliquely left tree trunk with three red flames. Today's coat of arms is a mixture of the original coats of arms of Engelsbrand, Grunbach and Salmbach, from which a symbol was adopted after the merger as part of the community reform in 1974: The burning tree trunk, which indicates settlement by slash and burn, from the original Engelsbrand coat of arms, the holly from the Grunbach coat of arms, which is widespread in the area, and the meandering brook, which was represented in all three coats of arms and is supposed to symbolize the abundance of water in the area, graphically from the original Salmbach coat of arms, but with the color of the original Engelsbrander coat of arms, too the background color is white.

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

The bus line set up in 1945 by the Eberhardt haulage company is still in operation today. Today Eberhardt-Reisen is one of the largest bus companies in southern Germany.

Established businesses

The largest company on site is Alfred Tronser GmbH, which has been producing variable capacitors , turned and milled parts here since 1951 . The watch manufacturer Stowa has been based there since 2009.

Personalities

Sons and daughters of the church

Albrecht Hackmayr (born March 12, 1714 in Grunbach, † February 10, 1756 in Vienna), inventor of Hackmayrian bath therapy
Herbert C. Schlierz, (* December 14, 1836 in Grunbach, † March 23, 1889 in Breslau), inventor of the lubrication-free orbital rack and pinion drive
Norbert Haug (born November 24, 1952 in Grunbach), journalist, former head of motorsport at Mercedes-Benz

Controversy over the award of the Medal of Honor

In March 2015, the then 93-year-old Engelsbrander Wilhelm Ernst Kusterer received the town's medal of honor for his long-term commitment to the community. At the beginning of March 2016 it became known that the honoree had been an SS sub-leader of the 16th SS Panzer Grenadier Division "Reichsführer SS" during World War II and had been sentenced to life imprisonment in Italy in 2008 for participating in the Marzabotto massacre . The community stated that they had no knowledge of the conviction in Italy and Kusterer's involvement in the war crimes. This matter was to be examined and discussed in a subsequent special meeting of the local council, but this meeting was canceled because Kusterer decided to voluntarily return the award. The German government distanced itself from the honor through the German ambassador in Rome in advance of the return. The Stuttgart public prosecutor's office has been investigating Kusterer on suspicion of murder since July 2013. The proceedings against the former SS Sergeant Kusterer were discontinued in 2016, among other things because of his inability to stand trial .

Culture and sights

Museums

The Waldhufen Museum is located in the former school and town hall of Salmbach

Natural monuments

Engelsbrand is located on the Mittelweg long-distance hiking route run by the Black Forest Association , which leads past numerous natural monuments from Pforzheim to Waldshut .

The Büchenbronn observation tower is located north of Engelsbrand, but on Pforzheim soil .

Individual evidence

↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
^ The state of Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality. Volume V: Karlsruhe District. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1976, ISBN 3-17-002542-2 . Pp. 568-569.
↑ ^a ^b Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality register for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 490 .
↑ Hans-Jürgen Schlamp: SS massacre of Marzabotto: An honorary citizen and his dark secret. SPIEGEL, March 9, 2016, accessed March 10, 2016 .
^ Paul Kreiner: The Engelsbrand community honors a war criminal; Because they don't know what they're doing. Der Tagesspiegel, March 8, 2016, accessed on March 9, 2016 .
↑ Decision in Engelsbrand: Ex-SS soldier returns medal of honor. In: SWR . March 15, 2016, accessed March 15, 2016 .
↑ Hans-Jürgen Schlamp: War criminal as honorary citizen: Scandal of Engelsbrand proves failure of the judiciary. Spiegel Online, March 10, 2016, accessed March 10, 2016 .
^ Tassilo Pfitzenmeier: SS man from Engelsbrand classified as incapable of negotiating. Pforzheimer Kurier , June 29, 2016, accessed October 30, 2017 .

literature

Carlo Burkhardt: Grunbach - A forest hoof village on the Enz-Nagold-Platte.
Carlo Burkhardt: Engelsbrand - Checkered history of an administrative community.
Carlo Burkhardt: Angel brandy in old postcards. (Illustrated book)