Guthirt (Zurich-Wipkingen)
Guthirt Church is the Roman Catholic parish church in the Zurich district of Wipkingen .
history
Guthirt Church was built in 1922/1923 as the eighth Catholic church after the Reformation in the city of Zurich by the architect and later city councilor Anton Higi (1885–1951). Guthirt was the first church in a series of other church buildings by this architect. On October 7, 1923, only one and a half years after the foundation stone was laid , the church was consecrated by Chur Bishop Georg Schmid von Grüneck. The relatively short construction time can be explained by the fact that an "aid program for the employment of workers" of the city of Zurich could be used for this large construction project in times of high unemployment. The cooperation with the city made the construction of the church financially viable for the Catholic church building association.
Guthirt is a subsidiary parish of the Liebfrauenkirche and was raised to an independent parish by decree on November 11, 1933 by Bishop Laurenz Matthias Vincenz . In the same year the rectory was built.
In the neighboring Höngg the parish Guthirt founded the daughter parish Heilig Geist . The first Holy Spirit Church was built on the building site on Brunnwiesenstrasse according to plans by Karl Strobel, who also designed the Church of the Redeemer in Riesbach . The Holy Spirit Church was consecrated on October 6, 1940. The Chur bishop Christian Caminada elevated the Holy Spirit to an independent parish by decree of November 20, 1942 and separated it from Guthirt.
Next to the Guthirt church and the parsonage was the Neuhof house , in which an emergency church and other rooms had been located before the construction of today's church . The house, which had become too small for the growing parish, was demolished in 1961, including the old sacristy , and replaced by the parish center called the parish house by architect Karl Higi , the son of the builder of the church. This building, together with the rectory and the church, forms an inner courtyard on the south-eastern side of the church. In 2006/2007 the parish center was rebuilt by the architect Richard Späh and the connecting wing between the parish center and the rectory was replaced by a new building for the parish office.
In the years 1976/1977 the church was renovated and redesigned according to plans by architect Rudolf Mathys. In order to gain more space, the stairs in front of the main portal were replaced by a low concrete structure, which contains rooms for clubs and religious instruction under the stairs. In 2016, the preparatory work for another comprehensive renovation of the church began, which will be carried out in 2018-2019.
With 4,541 members (as of 2017) Guthirt is one of the medium-sized Roman Catholic parishes in the city of Zurich.
Building description
Church tower and bells
The church Guthirt stands with the tower facade on the mountain side on the north road. Until the sacristy was added in 1961 and the classrooms below the church tower from 1976 to 1977, the church was free-standing. The church tower , which was built above the main portal , defines the exterior of the church. A wide staircase leads up to the church portal, above which a relief depicts Jesus as the Good Shepherd . This relief was created in 1930 by the sculptor Alphons Friedrich Magg (1891–1967). The porch with the four columns and the corresponding double pilasters on the facade , including the capitals and medallions , were designed by Otto Münch Zurich.
On June 2, 1933, the six bronze bells were cast by H. Rüetschi , Aarau. Bishop Laurenz Matthias Vincenz consecrated the bell on June 25, 1933.
| number | Weight | volume | dedication | inscription |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 5015 kg | As | Guthirt | "I am the good shepherd, the sheep know me because they hear my voice." |
| 2 | 3612 kg | B. | Joseph | «St. Joseph, help us to lead an innocent life and be our mighty patron saint in death. " |
| 3 | 2015 kg | of | Maria | "Let the people of Mary remember the sound of me." |
| 4th | 1444 kg | it | Theresia | "What I wish, I see, what I hoped, I enjoy, in heaven I am with him, whom I loved dearly on earth." |
| 5 | 1085 kg | f | Anna | «Almighty God, through the intercession of St. Anna your help to our families. " |
| 6th | 636 kg | as | Guardian Angel | "Your angels always behold the face of my Father who is in heaven." |
Conception of the Church
“The church is one of the landmarks of Wipkingen and is designed as such. The west facade with the central tower is deliberately designed monumentally. ”The church is a longitudinal building with a tower in the main axis above the church portal. The size of the nave behind it is significantly less than that of the west facade with the church tower, and it has a simple design.
The neuobarocke to join the Classicism approaching church forms a counterpart to Joseph's Church in the industrial district. Anton Higi, the architect von Guthirt, was involved in the construction of the St. Josef Church between 1912 and 1914 as the construction manager.
If you compare the three churches Guthirt, Brother Klaus and St. Martin built by Anton Higi in Zurich , you can see how the architect moved from the idea of a church as a longitudinal building to a church as a central building . The background to this development is the demand of the liturgical movement for the faithful to participate actively in the liturgy , which meant that the spatial separation of the celebrants and the rest of the worship community should be abolished. In this context, Johannes von Acken demanded: "Widening the main room, shortening and widening the choir, dispensing with pillars and pillars that obstruct the view."
Interior and artistic equipment
Behind the main portal, in the church tower, there is a vestibule designed as a square atrium . To the left and right of the main portal, two wooden sculptures depicting Saint Anthony and the priest of Ars have been placed . A prayer niche was added to the left of the vestibule, which was originally the baptistery . A stained glass window designed in 1977 based on a design by Rudolf Mathys illuminates the prayer niche. In front of this window is a carved wooden Pietà . Opposite on the right side of the vestibule, a staircase leads down to another window designed by Rudolf Mathys to the crypt . The vestibule opens straight ahead with a round arched portal to the church. The capitals in the vestibule show early Christian symbols (fish, pigeon, anchor, lamb) and come from the sculptor Julius Schwyzer.
The church space forms a long rectangle made up of five identical yokes . The chorus concludes with a basket arch - apse and is slightly retracted. The transition from the nave to the choir takes place by a curve in the floor plan , as was used in the 18th century by the Lucerne builders Jakob Singer and Niklaus Purtschert . The yokes in the main nave are separated by drawn-in struts into which passages have been broken, so that narrow aisles are formed on the long sides. The organ gallery is located above the entrance from the porch to the church and rests on two pillars.
The interior of the church is closed off by a longitudinal barrel in the main nave and lower transverse barrels from strut to strut. The drawn-in struts are clad with pilasters that support the little protruding main beam that is led around the nave and choir. Rows of arcades are continued as niches on the choir wall . The arch of the main nave is structured by straps. On the vault there are monochrome depictions of Christian symbols (crane, lamb, chalice, fish), two paintings depicting the Sermon on the Mount and the biblical words “Let the children come to me”.
Large arched windows let the daylight fall into the church. Since the renovation in 1976/1977, the glass windows show the symbols of the twelve apostles . They were designed according to a design by Rudolf Mathys. The windows in the choir contain older depictions by E. Schweri. The left choir window shows St. Agnes , the right John the Baptist .
When the church was built in 1923, the following artistic elements were already incorporated: column capitals, baptismal font and other plastic ornaments in the interior, which were made by the sculptor Otto Münch.
In the years after the inauguration, the church was further artistically designed. So in 1941 the paintings in the baptistery by Robert Schiess followed . Two sculptures depicting St. Peter and St. Paul came from Payer and Wiplinger, Einsiedeln and were installed in the church in 1943.
In 1942 the church received a new high altar and a communion bench . In the same year August Wanner created the altar leaves for the high and side altars. On the sheet for the high altar the Good Shepherd is shown, on the sheet for the left side altar the Mother of God with the baby Jesus, the sheet for the right side altar depicts Joseph at work as a carpenter; Jesus, who was represented as a boy, helps him.
During the renovation of the church in 1976/1977, the interior was also changed with the artistic furnishings. So the side altars were dismantled and of the high altar only the altar panel with the representation of the Good Shepherd, who is surrounded by his flock and people, remained. During the renovation, the chancel was moved into the nave so that the popular altar , tabernacle and ambo are no longer in the choir, but in front of the transition to the choir in the main nave. The artist Eugène Renggli , Lucelle, designed the altar, ambo, tabernacle, baptismal font, sedia, cross, candlestick and Apostle cross .
Main organ
The instrument was built in 1931 by Orgelbau Th. Kuhn , Männedorf. The specialist was Father Stephan Koller OSB, who in Switzerland was instrumental in advocating the organ reform that had been establishing itself in the German cultural area since the 1920s. In 1935 a few small retouches were made to increase the sound strength (including the installation of a new trompette harmonique 8 'in the third manual and a super octave coupler III-I). In 1977 Hubert Senn, Unterengstringen , made minor changes in line with the neo-baroque movement of the 1960s and 1970s (including replacement of the cymbal in the main factory), which were largely corrected by the builder company in 1996/97. Since then, the III. Manual as a replacement for an original quintade 4 'over a Voix céleste 8'. Remarkably, the technology of 1931 remained more or less untouched during the revisions mentioned; it is a reliable electropneumatic play and register traction system including a setting system à l'américaine . The instrument - Zurich's first with an electric action - is today almost in its original state in terms of sound and technology and is a monument.
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- Electropneumatic pocket drawer
- Normal paddocks, crescendo, numerous playing aids and parking spaces,
- since 1935 super octave coupling III-I (not expanded)
- Composition system with 5 free general and 3 free pedal combinations
crypt
The crypt offers space for 100 people and has been a simple church service room since the renovation in 1976/1977. Next to the chancel there is a figure of the Virgin and baby Jesus. The glass windows, which were designed by E. Schweri, show Brother Klaus , St. Margareta , St. Vincent von Paul and St. Elisabeth . The representation of Anthony from the former stained glass window of the upper church was placed on an illuminated box and hung to the right of the entrance to the crypt.
organ
The organ in the crypt comes from the organ building company Mathis , Näfels, and was built in 1978. The slider chests -instrument with mechanical play and key action has the following disposition :
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- Coupling: II / I, I / P (as steps)
See also
literature
- Linus Birchler: The Guthirt Church in Zurich-Wipkingen. A memorial for all friends and benefactors. Zurich 1923.
- Guido Kolb: 100 years of St. Peter and Paul. Zurich 1974.
- Episcopal Ordinariate Chur (ed.): Schematism of the Diocese of Chur. Chur 1980.
- Franz Bösch: Wipkingen. Its churches over time. Splinters from Guthirt's parish life. Zurich 1983.
- Henri Truffer: Association of Roman Catholic Churches in the City of Zurich. Zurich 1989.
- Robert Schönbächler: Churches and places of worship in the city of Zurich. New Year's Gazette Industriequartier / Aussersihl. Zurich 2012.
- Fabrizio Brentini: The Catholic Church of St. Martin in Zurich-Fluntern. Society for Swiss Art History, Bern 2013. (form)
- City of Zurich, Office for Urban Development (Ed.): Catholic Churches of the City of Zurich. Inventory of Monument Preservation of the City of Zurich. Zurich 2014.
Web links
- Guthirt Church on the website of the parish Guthirt Zurich-Wipkingen
- Bells on youtube
Individual evidence
- ^ Rainald Fischer, in: Guido Kolb: 100 years of St. Peter and Paul. P. 190.
- ^ Henri Truffer: Association of Roman Catholic Parishes of the City of Zurich. P. 162.
- ^ City of Zurich, Office for Urban Development (Ed.): Catholic Churches of the City of Zurich. Inventory of Monument Preservation of the City of Zurich. P. 48.
- ^ Henri Truffer: Association of Roman Catholic Parishes of the City of Zurich. P. 162.
- ^ Franz Bösch: Wipkingen. Its churches over time. Splinters from Guthirt's parish life. Pp. 113 and 121
- ^ Parish website, History section. Retrieved June 30, 2013.
- ^ Franz Bösch: Wipkingen. Its churches over time. Splinters from Guthirt's parish life. Pp. 152-153.
- ^ Website Schäublin Architects. Retrieved September 9, 2016.
- ^ Catholic Church in the Canton of Zurich. Annual report 2017. p. 84.
- ^ City of Zurich, Office for Urban Development (Ed.): Catholic Churches of the City of Zurich. Inventory of Monument Preservation of the City of Zurich. Pp. 48-50.
- ^ Robert Schönbächler: Churches and places of worship in the city of Zurich. New Year's Gazette Industriequartier / Aussersihl. P. 105.
- ↑ Linus Birchler: The Guthirt Church in Zurich-Wipkingen. P. 5.
- ^ Robert Schönbächler: Churches and places of worship in the city of Zurich. New Year's Gazette Industriequartier / Aussersihl. P. 105
- ↑ Linus Birchler: The Guthirt Church in Zurich-Wipkingen. Quoted from: Franz Bösch: Wipkingen. Its churches over time. Splinters from Guthirt's parish life. P. 40.
- ↑ Linus Birchler: The Guthirt Church in Zurich-Wipkingen. P. 3.
- ^ Robert Schönbächler: Churches and places of worship in the city of Zurich. New Year's Gazette Industriequartier / Aussersihl. Pp. 11 and 105.
- ↑ Brentini: The Catholic Church of St. Martin in Zurich-Fluntern. Pp. 19-21.
- ↑ Johannes von Acken: Christocentric Church Art. Quoted from: Brentini: The Catholic Church of St. Martin in Zurich-Fluntern. P. 21.
- ↑ Linus Birchler: The Guthirt Church in Zurich-Wipkingen. P. 7.
- ↑ Linus Birchler: The Guthirt Church in Zurich-Wipkingen. P. 7.
- ↑ Linus Birchler: The Guthirt Church in Zurich-Wipkingen. Pp. 7-8.
- ^ Franz Bösch: Wipkingen. Its churches over time. Splinters from Guthirt's parish life. P. 51.
- ^ Franz Bösch: Wipkingen. Its churches over time. Splinters from Guthirt's parish life. P. 39.
- ^ Parish website, History section. Retrieved June 30, 2013.
- ^ Franz Bösch: Wipkingen. Its churches over time. Splinters from Guthirt's parish life. P. 119.
- ^ Franz Bösch: Wipkingen. Its churches over time. Splinters from Guthirt's parish life. P. 152.
- ↑ Michael Meyer: Between Historicism and Postmodernism: The History of Orgelbau Kuhn AG. In: The Organ Builders. The book on the history of Orgelbau Kuhn 1864–2014. Männedorf: Verlag Orgelbau Kuhn 2014, pp. 313–408.
- ↑ Information from the Swiss organ directory , accessed on February 10, 2016.
Coordinates: 47 ° 23 '41.1 " N , 8 ° 31' 37.9" E ; CH1903: six hundred and eighty-two thousand one hundred and eighty-one / 249894