Hermann Bonnus

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Hermann Bonnus

Hermann Bonnus (actually: Hermann von Bunne (n), Latinized as Bonnus after the place Bunnen near Löningen , where his father's family came from, * 1504 in Quakenbrück , † February 12, 1548 in Lübeck ) was a German reformer and first superintendent of Lübeck.

Life

Hermann Bonnus on the death bed

Hermann Bonnus studied in Wittenberg from 1523 , then in Greifswald . In 1528 he became the tutor of the seven-year-old Danish Prince Johann in Copenhagen and Gottorf and wrote a Latin-Low German grammar during this time. He then became a teacher at the city school in Treptow an der Rega , where he met Johannes Bugenhagen .

After the Reformation was introduced in the Hanseatic city of Lübeck in 1531, through Bugenhagen's mediation, he was appointed the first rector of the Latin school, the Katharineum , which had been newly founded in the rooms of the Franciscan monastery of St. Katharinen . Shortly afterwards, the city council gave him the new office of "superattendenten" ( superintendent ) of the city of Lübeck. In 1532/33 he was involved in the Lübeck translation of Luther's Bible into Low German , the Lübeck Bible (1533/34) .

In the political turmoil of the coming years up to 1535, Bonnus took a critical position vis-à-vis the council and the mayor Jürgen Wullenwever and emphasized the guardianship of the church, represented by the clergy , vis-à-vis politicians. Bonnus promoted the cooperation of the spiritual ministries of Lübeck, Hamburg and Lüneburg in the so-called Ministry Tripolitanum and thus accelerated the development of a Lutheran-denominational church system in the northern German cities.

In 1543, at the request of the City Council of Osnabrück and with the consent of Bishop Franz von Waldeck , Bonnus created a reformatory church order for the city and the bishopric of Osnabrück , including the offices of Cloppenburg and Vechta . Their population was Protestant from 1543 to 1613 in the 70-year phase of the so-called "blindness" on the Catholic side , and from 1613 they were again Catholic . The “Kerckenordnung vor de landkercken des Stift Osenbrugge” was based on the city church regulations, but was not an extract from it and was entitled: “Ordinatio magistri Hermanni Bonni ... Exercitium quotidianum in sacris scripturis et psalmis cantandis pro ecclesiis collegiatis' ubi praedicatur evangelium as it is Quakenbrugge and something else. Anno 1543. “ This is where the worship service and the holidays were regulated, of which 13 days of the apostles remained. Assumption of the Virgin was not considered scriptural.

Hermann Bonnus was a practitioner who created a variety of works: a catechism , an adaptation of the Rostock hymn book , which was used as the hymn book of the Lübeck church from 1545, the "Farrago", an anthology of life images of the apostles, saints and martyrs, a Latin textbook , a chronicle and exegetical lectures. His chorale " Och wy armen sünder " is still distributed today through the Evangelical Hymnbook .

When he died in 1548, he left his pregnant wife Katharina and their six children under the care of Mayor Anton von Stiten . His son Arnold became mayor of Lübeck in 1594 .

memory

epitaph

A simple wooden epitaph in Lübeck reminds of Hermann Bonnus . Until 1790 the epitaph hung on the south-eastern wall of the Marientidenkapelle above his grave in the Marienkirche. His grave slab is currently undetectable. In 1720 it was used by the superintendent Georg Heinrich Götze . From 1895 the grave slab was no longer in the church, but in the paving on the Marienkirchhof . At the end of the 19th century there was still a 1.26 m high and 2.64 m wide simple black memorial plaque in the mayor's chapel, on which a strip frame 40 cm high and 50 cm wide that was placed on top of the center was painted by order of the council and enclosed a portrait of the deceased on the death bed, which is now attributed to Hans Kemmer . A probably simultaneous 38 cm high and 55 cm wide replica of the lost original was at the time in the Lübeck city ​​library . The date of death is under the inner frame, while five distiches praising the merits of the deceased are painted on the left and right . Around 1917 the picture from the city library was inserted into the frame. The epitaph survived (in the mayor's chapel?) The fire in the church during the air raid on Lübeck in 1942 and was placed in the storeroom of the St. Anne's Museum after 1945 .

Bonnus bequeathed his Bible with handwritten entries to his hometown Quakenbrück, which is kept in the city.

In 2004 the city of Lübeck commemorated his 500th birthday with an exhibition and series of events.

In 2007 the Evangelical Lutheran parish in Bersenbrück ( Osnabrück district ) celebrated the 100th birthday of their Bonnus church , which takes its name from Hermann Bonnus.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Sabine Pettke, Hermann Bonnus - a reformer of the second generation, in: VDMIAE. God's word remains forever. 450 years of the Reformation in Osnabrück, ed. v. Karl Georg Kaster and Gerd Steinwascher , Rasch Verlag, Bramsche 1993, 241-230
  2. ↑ Wolf-Dieter Hauschild, From the Reformation Movement to the Evangelical Church: The introduction of the church order in Osnabrück 1543, in: VDMIAE. God's word remains forever. 450 years of the Reformation in Osnabrück, ed. v. Karl Georg Kaster and Gerd Steinwascher , Rasch Verlag, Bramsche 1993, 155 - 171
  3. ↑ Christian Kercken Ordenungh. Instead of Ossenbrügge, Dorch M. Hermannum Bonnum published. Printed in 1543 . - Text in: VDMIAE. God's word remains forever. 450 years of the Reformation in Osnabrück, ed. v. Karl Georg Kaster and Gerd Steinwascher , Rasch Verlag, Bramsche 1993, 172 - 191
  4. ^ Parish of St. Sylvester: Information on Hermann Bonnus. ( Memento of the original from July 12, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.kg-sylvester.de
  5. ↑ Klaus Krüger: Corpus of medieval grave monuments in Lübeck, Schleswig, Holstein and Lauenburg 1100-1600 , Jan Thorbeke Verlag, Stuttgart 1999, p. 940 (LÜMA62) ISBN 3-7995-5940-X
  6. ↑ Gustav Schaumann, Friedrich Bruns (editor): The architectural and art monuments of the Free and Hanseatic City of Lübeck . Edited by the building deputation. Volume 2, part 2: The Marienkirche. Nöhring, Lübeck 1906 ( digitized version ), p. 337
  7. ^ Jan Friedrich Richter (ed.): Lübeck 1500 - Art metropolis in the Baltic Sea region. Catalog, Imhoff, Petersberg 2015 ISBN 978-3-7319-0175-4 , No. 71, p. 366f

Web links

Commons : Hermann Bonnus  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Hermann Bonnus  - Sources and full texts
predecessor Office successor
(Introduction of the church ordinance in 1531) Superintendent of the Lübeck Church
1532 - 1548 		Valentin Curtius
- Rector of the Katharineum in Lübeck
1531 		Wilhelm Rivenus
personal data
SURNAME Bonnus, Hermann
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German reformer
DATE OF BIRTH 1504
PLACE OF BIRTH Quakenbrück
DATE OF DEATH February 12, 1548
Place of death Lübeck