Wiebendorf mansion

Wiebendorf mansion, view of the access area with the four-column portico .

The Wiebendorf mansion was located in the Wiebendorf district of the Bengerstorf community in the Ludwigslust-Parchim district and was the largest and most magnificent mansion in western Mecklenburg until it was largely destroyed in 1943 .

history

In 1876, the Hamburg entrepreneur and leaseholder of the Hamburg gas works Carl Hermann Theodor Haase , whom Kaiser Wilhelm II elevated to hereditary nobility on June 24, 1889 , acquired the 223 hectare Wiebendorf and Hof Bretzin estate with 312 hectares from the von Witzendorff family . Owning a country estate was a worthwhile goal for wealthy people from Hamburg. In Wiebendorf, Haase immediately began to fundamentally renovate and expand the existing farm. The first thing he did was to build a few residential and farm buildings, while he was looking for an architect who would plan and build a mansion that would meet his requirements. His choice fell on the architects Martin Haller and Leopold Lamprecht, both recognized Hamburg architects who had made a name for themselves in and around Hamburg with their villa buildings and urban commissioned buildings. Building owner Haase then gave Haller almost a free hand in his design draft. Haller later quoted his client: "I have to - so he told me with the first order - have a dome as high as that of the Charlottenburg Palace so that I can see my booth from the train station in Boizenburg."

The large manor house, which the Haase family also acquired and located directly on the Schaale, was no longer supposed to meet the demands of the gentry and was demolished as a result.

In 1882 the construction of the new mansion began, according to Haller's plans. In 1884 the manor Haase was able to take possession of his magnificent property. Money did not seem to have played a major role for Haase, and it was not only on the outside that a “monumental splendor building” was created. The construction costs amounted to an impressive 390,000 marks , the facility cost an additional 154,000 marks.

On January 28, 1885, the architect Haller presented the photographs of the completed Wiebendorf mansion that he had commissioned to the specialist audience of the Hamburg Architects and Engineers' Association .

After the manor house was completed, squire Carl von Haase had more manor houses built. The last of the distinctive residential buildings was completed in 1894. Also worth mentioning is the large gardener's house , which with its square corner pilasters follows the appearance of the manor house at that time.

In 1889, squire Haase had an entails foundation set up from the allodial estates Wiebendorf and Hof Bretzin, Roggendorf and Marienthal, Dorotheenhof and Klein-Salitz . On March 4, 1889, the foundation received the approval of the sovereign and was to become fully legally effective upon the death of the founder.

Carl Hermann Theodor von Haase died on November 18, 1893 in Hamburg and was buried in the cemetery in Zahrensdorf. His wife Marie Emilie Malwine von Haase b. Lewien and son Artur Benno Curt continued to live on Gut Wiebendorf, she died there on September 20, 1897. Artur Benno Curt von Haase became the second beneficiary of the Wiebendorf and Roggendorf entails. He then lived on the estate in Wiebendorf until the 1930s, where his son Karl Jochen was born.

The manor house was almost completely destroyed in 1943 due to circumstances that could not be determined. The remnants of the imposing mansion that still exist were blown up by Soviet units after 1945; rubble from this demolition can still be found at the former location of the house. Some of the farm buildings and the farm workers' houses, which were sold and gradually renovated after German reunification , have been preserved. The pavilion , which has also been preserved , has been refurbished in accordance with the requirements of listed buildings, its appearance suggests the former splendor of the main building. Also worth mentioning is the large horse stable with water tower , built in 1879 , which was once provided with terracottas of a horse head that can be seen from afar , of which only fragments are left. A large part of the surviving buildings of the former manor complex is now a listed building .

Successful ownership of Gut Wiebendorf 1506–1935

• Von Blücher family (1506–1633)
  • Reimar von Blücher
  • Joachim von Blücher († 1550), Canon of Ratzeburg
  • Christoph von Blücher
• Hieronymus Vogeler (1633–1639), mayor
• Barthold Moller (1639–1651), mayor
• Joachim Sander (1651–1655), Lieutenant Colonel
• Erich von Wördenhofen (1655–1659)
• Johann Tellien (1659–1668), Colonel
• Delwig family (1668–1700)
  • Heinrich von Delwig , major general
  • Walther von Delwig, captain and wife Katharina, née von Delwig
• Family von Stöterogge and von Dellwig (1700–1749)
  • Staz Friedrich von Stöterogge († 1723)
  • Sophia Elisabeth von Stöterogge, born von Delwig († June 4, 1749)
    • ⚭ Valentin Friedrich von Both († June 12, 1737), Lieutenant Colonel
    • ⚭ Joachim Werner von dem Knesebeck († 1749)
• Family von Kirchner and von Dellwig (1749–1782)
  • Hedwig Juliane von Kirchner, born von Delwig († 1772)
  • Otto von Kirchner († 1778)
  • Community of heirs of the von Delwig and von Kirchner families
• Johann Reinhold Baron von Rosen (1782–1784)
• Johann Hermann Kütemeyer (1784–1791), lawyer
• Heinrich Ludwig Giese (1791–1798)
• Hartwig von Bülow , Chamberlain (1798–1800)
• Heinrich Joseph Count von Malet (1800–1803)
• Christian Andreas Kober (1803-1804)
• Peter Knaudt (1804–1810), mayor
• Johann Friedrich Rüdel (1810– ??), Councilor of Commerce
• Johann Konrad Oluff Krückmann (?? - 1841)
• Friedrich Gabriel Zarneckow (1841–1843)
• Von Witzendorff family (1843–1876)
  • Peter von Witzendorff (1778–1857), Hanoverian captain
  • Wilhelm von Witzendorff (1830–1865), Prussian first lieutenant a. D.
  • Marie von Witzendorff, née Schliephake (1833-1893) and minor heirs
• Von Haase family (1876–1935)

Mansion

Building description

Wiebendorf mansion, design drawing by the
architects Haller and Lamprecht.

Remains of a polygonal porch.

The architect mainly used forms from the classicist Renaissance in his design . He found models in villa buildings by Andrea Palladio , including the Villa Rotonda and Villa Barbaro .

In more than two years of construction, a remarkable central dome was built on a cross-shaped floor plan , which could compete with many a castle in its size. The imposing mansion was over 51 meters wide and almost 29 meters deep. The total height, however, was 37 meters (domed structure).

The following criteria were decisive for the selection of the location of the building: the park already established with its old groups of trees and the nearby Schaale river . The layout of the newly built residential and farm buildings was also included in the selection of the location.

The building was tripartite, in a symmetrical arrangement. In front of the main front were two narrow colonnades , in the middle of the main axis a four-pillar portico over both floors divided the facade. By walking through the portico, one entered the spacious entrance hall, which led directly into the square central hall. This central hall extended over all storeys and was surrounded by walkways in the upper area. The central hall closed at the top with the imposing dome, which was 37 meters high and crowned by a lantern . Above the eight high arched windows of the main drum , a walkway was also created from which an excellent all-round view opened up.

The interior of the central hall was surrounded by 16 Carrara marble columns, each of which stood in pairs in the corners. These pillars carried part of the weight of the dome structure. Likewise made of Carrara marble, the two-flight main staircase, which was provided with a richly decorated bronze railing.

Starting from the vestibule , on the right side were the master's room , the library , the billiard room , the chancellery and the master’s dressing room. The law firm also had its own entrance towards the Schaale. On the left side were the living room of the lady of the house with access to the orangery , the large drawing room and the large dining room. The small dining room with the polygonal porch on the park side was used by the family for everyday consumption.

The upper floor contained the children's rooms, the master bedroom, the guest rooms and bathrooms.

The basement, on the other hand, housed the kitchen, utility rooms and administration rooms. A wine cellar equipped with fine furniture and elaborate glass paintings was also located in the basement.

Interior design and furnishings

The walls and floors of the entrance hall, the central hall, the hall and the stairwell were lined with natural marble or stucco marble. For those with carving ornate Deckentäfelungen , columns and doors of the Lord room and the library was oak and walnut wood used. The doors of the dining room, on the other hand, were decorated with pearwood inlays on an ebony base . The large hall was also decorated with elaborate bronze marquetry , with the wall panels decorated with symbolic images. In the main staircase there were also wall paintings , which flanked the two-armed main staircase, they symbolically showed " day work, evening guests, sour weeks, happy celebrations ". Ceiling paintings with allegorical depictions of the sun and rain pouring over the manor completed the beautiful design of the staircase. Also remarkable is the ceiling area of ​​the large salon with artistic paintings. The wall and ceiling paintings of the stairwell and the ceiling painting of the large salon were created by the Bremen artist Arthur Fitger .

The central hall and stairwell were equipped with bronze candelabra modeled by the sculptor Carl Börner .

The furniture was of the same high quality and was selected according to the interior design. The furniture manufacturer Ludovicus Piglhein from Hamburg and the cabinet maker F. Wulbrand, also from Hamburg, received the furniture contract .

External facade and roof

Architect Haller had the shell erected from red Mallisser brick , which was then clad with ashlar finishing plaster (imitation of ashlar ). The builder had the numerous architectural parts to be found made of artificial stone on site . Haller commissioned the Berlin sculptors Friedrich Dankberg and Carl Dorn to create the figurative jewelry .

Slate was used to cover the sloping roofs and the dome . The flat roofs, however, were covered with galvanized sheet iron.

House technic

There is no comprehensive information on building services. It is known that a low-pressure water heater and a fat gas system were installed.

park

The predecessor building of the manor house designed by Martin Haller already included a landscape park with a considerable number of old trees. In the course of the construction of the Haase property, the park was redesigned accordingly. So new trees were planted and the path system was redesigned. The lake in the center of the park, however, was preserved.

Carl von Haase's son and heir Curt von Haase had the 2.05- hectare landscape park redesigned in 1910 by the Hamburg horticultural company Jacob Ochs and its leading landscape architect Leberecht Migge . It was the largest design commission Leberecht Migge ever received. Migge also included the Schaale River in the redesign. Therefore, he had small bridges built to connect the two parts of the park.

The park and gardens designed by Migge were the subject of a special exhibition in 1911 that took place as part of the first garden art exhibition in Oldenburg .

The park is hardly recognizable in its basic structure today. Most of the original trees are still there.

Haase family crypt

At the same time as the construction of the manor house, a large family crypt was built on behalf of Carl Hermann Theodor Haase in the Zahrensdorf churchyard . It is anticipated that the draft came from Martin Haller, especially since he later grave sites and tombs for wealthy clients at the Hamburg cemetery Ohlsdorf designed. Some of his designs are considered to be special examples of 19th century North German tomb architecture, such as the Riedemann mausoleum in the Ohlsdorf cemetery. But also the tomb of the Hamburg merchant Eduard Lippert and the grave chapel of Philipp are examples of his architecture.

The classicist family crypt, built in 1882, is a listed building .

description

At the back of the Gruftbaues rises Ädikulaarchitektur , with their simple Tuscan columns and the limiting pilasters . Columns and pilaster strips support the profiled architrave , while the upper end is formed by the strongly cantilevered triangular gable , on top of which the cross is a symbolic crowning . The aedicula is flanked by benches, which in turn are enclosed by a fence.

On the center of the inscription plaque you can find the stately coat of arms, the family name and the date of the construction of the family grave. It is worth noting that the table in its present design was only introduced after 1889.

The crypt is accessed via the entrance porch in the rear area.

While the aedicule was made of polished, dark-colored granite stone, a light-colored granite stone was used for the large-scale architectural parts of the enclosure, with the closures and decorative elements of the enclosure corresponding to the material of the aedicule. For the actual crypt sandstone was used in the visible area, only the cover plate of the upper opening is again made of granite stone.

Complementary

Haase family coat of arms

The imposing triangular gable of the portico, which served as a vestibule, was adorned with the stately coat of arms and its shield holder .

The split coat of arms from 1889 shows a silver uprooted oak tree in front, above it a flying bird, behind an upright silver hare on a red background, which holds three golden rays of lightning in its right hand. The crowned helmet with a red and silver helmet cover , on this a growing right arm clad in green sleeves, wielding a Persian saber .

gallery

• 

  Remains of the Wiebendorf manor

• 

  preserved pavilion, today residential building

• 

  Manor houses

• 

  Water tower built in 1879

• 

  Haase family burial site

Literature and Sources

literature

• Klaus Mühlfried: Architecture as an expression of political sentiment - Martin Haller and his work in Hamburg. (Dissertation University of Hamburg), Hamburg 2005, p. 610 ff.
• Felix Lüdemann: Wiebendorf Castle near Boizenburg Elbe and its architect Martin Haller. In: Bull and Griffin. No. 13 (2003), pp. 138-146.
• David H. Haney: When Modern Was Green: Life and Work of Landscape Architect Leberecht Migge. Routledge, Abingdon 2010, ISBN 978-0-415-56139-6
• Paul Klopfer: From Palladio to Schinkel. Paul Neff Verlag (Max Schreiber), Eszlingen a. N. 1911, ( digitized version ).

Unprinted sources

• State Main Archive Schwerin
  • Holdings: (11.3-1 / 3), family history, collection by Pentz.
  • Inventory: (5.12-4 / 2) 5152, 5153, Ministry of Agriculture, Domains and Forests, Gut Wiebendorf.
  • Holdings: (3.1-1), Mecklenburg Land estates with the Select Committee of the Knights and Landscapes of Rostock, Wiebendorf.
  • Holdings: (10.9 - B / 11) 39, von Blücher family (1623–1901), Friedrich Wigger collection of material on the family history of Blücher, Boddin line, Boddin house 1554 to 1613, Wiebendorf 1567 to 1672, contains: family tables - copies of files , Church records and documents, running time: 1878.
  • Inventory: (2.21-1) 576, Secret State Ministry and Government, determination of the daily wage relations to Wiebendorf and Bretzin, duration: 1849.

• GStA Prussian Cultural Heritage
  • Holdings: I. HA Rep. 167, No. 328, State Office for Family Estates 1918–1945, Fideikommiss “Wiebendorf und Roggendorf” of the von Haase family, duration: 1918–1936.
  • Holdings: I. HA Rep. 167, No. 329, State Office for Family Goods 1918–1945, Fideikommiss “Wiebendorf and Roggendorf” of the von Haase family, duration: 1935–1938.

Web links

Commons : Herrenhaus Wiebendorf  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Literature about the manor house Wiebendorf in the state bibliography MV

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Das Gas- und Wasserfach , No. 36, Verlag R. Oldenbourg, Munich 1893, p. 718.
2. ^ Government gazette for the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Born in 1889. Published by Bärensprungschen Hofbuchdruckerei, Schwerin 1889, p. 139.
3. ↑ cf. Mühlfried, p. 612.
4. ^ Felix Lüdemann: Palaces, manor houses and domain tenant houses in the Ludwigslust region and the Neuhaus office: Contributions to the monument topography of Mecklenburg and Pomerania. Part II., Inaugural dissertation, Hamburg 2013, ISBN 978-3-00-044538-5 , p. 1263 f.
5. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g} Martin Haller:  Herrenhaus Wiebendorf. In: Karl Emil Otto Fritsch (Ed.): Deutsche Bauzeitung . Issue 43. Verlag Ernst Toeche, Berlin 1885, p. 257.
6. ^ Government gazette for the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Born in 1894. Published by Bärensprungschen Hofbuchdruckerei, Schwerin 1894, p. 91.
7. ^ Friedrich Wigger : History of the von Blücher family . Volume I., Stillersche Hofbuchhandlung, Schwerin 1870, p. 256, p. 258 f.
8. ^ Siegmund Wilhelm Wohlbrück (ed.): Historical news of the Alvensleben sex and its goods. Volume II., Berlin 1819, p. 199 f ( digitized version ).
9. ^ Gottlieb Matthias Carl Masch : History of the Diocese of Ratzeburg. Friedrich Aschenfeldt, Lübeck 1835, p. 443.
10. ↑ Friedrich Wigger: The story of the von Blücher family. Volume 2. Stillersche Hofbuchhandlung, Schwerin 1878, p. 91.
11. ↑ Hieronymus Vogeler acquired the Wiebendorf and Zahrensdorf estates on August 8, 1633 for 11,000 thalers from Joachim von Blücher. see. Friedrich Schlie : The art and history monuments of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Volume III. Bärensprungsche Hofbuchdruckerei, Schwerin 1899, p. 138 ( digitized version ).
12. ↑ Takeover of the property by donation (relatives) from Hieronymus Vogeler.
13. ^ Gustav von Lehsten: The nobility of Mecklenburg since the land constitutional hereditary comparisons (1755) . Printed and published by JG Tiedemann, Rostock 1864, p. 125.
14. ↑ ^{a b c} Friedrich Schlie : The art and historical monuments of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Volume III. Bärensprungsche Hofbuchdruckerei, Schwerin 1899, p. 138 ( digitized version ).
15. ^ Gustav von Lehsten: The nobility of Mecklenburg since the land constitutional hereditary comparisons (1755). Printed and published by JG Tiedemann, Rostock 1864, p. 222.
16. ^ Gustav von Lehsten: The nobility of Mecklenburg since the land constitutional hereditary comparisons (1755). Printed and published by JG Tiedemann, Rostock 1864, p. 44.
17. ^ The goods Wiebendorf and Zahrensdorf were separated; Franz Philipp Christian Mecklenburg acquired Gut Zahrensdorf; see. Friedrich Schlie: The art and history monuments of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Volume III. Bärensprungsche Hofbuchdruckerei, Schwerin 1899, p. 138.
18. ↑ Herzoglich-Mecklenburg-Schwerinscher Staats-Kalender 1804. In Verlag der Hofbuchdruckerey, Schwerin 1804, p. 92.
19. ↑ Boizenburg mayor from 1803 until his death in 1818.
20. ↑ ^{a b} Change of ownership between 1814 and 1817, missing documentation.
21. ^ Gustav von Lehsten: The nobility of Mecklenburg since the land constitutional hereditary comparisons (1755). Printed by and published by JG Tiedemann, Rostock 1864, p. 295.
22. ^ GStA inventory: I. HA Rep. 167, No. 329, State Office for Family Goods 1918–1945, Fideikommiss “Wiebendorf and Roggendorf” of the von Haase family, running time: 1935–1938.
23. ↑ District Archives Nordwestmecklenburg: N1 / 0086, local Chronicle Roggendorf, extracts / transcripts from other literature, excerpt from the Roggendorfer Church Chronicle, contains inter alia, repealed in 1935 mention the sale of the goods Wiebendorf, 1935 receivership for goods Roggendorf, Marienthal and Dorotheenhof.
24. ^ Friedrich von Boetticher (Ed.): Painters' works of the 19th century. Volume 1. Fr. Boettichers Verlag, Dresden 1891, p. 309.
25. ^ David H. Haney: When Modern Was Green: Life and Work of Landscape Architect Leberecht Migge. Routledge, Abingdon 2010, ISBN 978-0-415-56139-6 , pp. 49-53, pp. 75, p. 252.
26. ^ David Haney: When Modern was Green: Life and Work of Landscape Architect Leberecht Migge. Routledge, London / New York 2010, p. 49 ff.
27. ^ W. von Busch: First large garden art exhibition in Oldenburg. In: Die Bauwelt. 92, 1911. Ullstein Verlag, p. 19 f.
28. ↑ Environmental Plan GmbH Stralsund (ed.): Municipal Roggendorf. Feasibility study of the Roggendorf park (PDF; 3.7 MB) from 2009, p. 2 (note no. 1).
29. ↑ Remembrance days : Martin Haller (1835–1925) - Hamburg builder and architect , In: OHLSDORF - magazine for mourning culture, issue: No. 91, November 2005.

Coordinates: 53 ° 24 ′ 14.4 "  N , 10 ° 49 ′ 5.2"  E