Jan Lohelius

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Archbishop Jan Lohelius (print from 1794)
Coat of arms of Johann Lohelius, Archbishop of Prague

Johann Lohelius OPraem , also Johann Lohel ; Czech Jan Lohel , also Jan z Lochenic ; (* 1549 in Wogau near Trebendorf ; † November 2, 1622 in Prague ) was abbot of the Strahov Premonstratensian Monastery , Archbishop of Prague and Primate of Bohemia, and Grand Master of the Crusaders with the Red Star from 1612 to 1622 .

Life

The son of a carter from Wogau, which belonged to the parish of Nebanitz in the Egerland , came to Teplá Abbey as a stable boy when he was 13 . In 1562 he was the servant of the abbot Johannes Murregius ( Mouse King , also Myšín ), who was in office from 1559 to 1584 , who trained him in various sciences and music. Johann Lohel was one of the best students at the grammar school and organist at the collegiate church. In 1573 he entered the Premonstratensian Monastery of Tepl as a novice , where he took simple vows in 1575. He then studied rhetoric, philosophy and theology at Charles University in Prague . A year later he was ordained a priest and was then a preacher and in 1578 subprior in the Teplá monastery.

In the same year he was appointed prior of the Strahov Premonstratensian Abbey in Prague and was also temporarily head of the monastery in Teplá Monastery . From 1586 to 1622 he was Abbot of Strahov and in 1587 he was appointed Vicar General of the Premonstratensian Order for the Bohemian Circaria . The Strahov Monastery flourished under him after the foundation stone was laid for a library, which gave it influence and prestige.

In 1602 Johann Lohelius was appointed auxiliary bishop in Prague, but initially refused this office, so that the episcopal ordination could not take place until 1605. On behalf of the sick Archbishop Karl von Lamberg , he headed the Archdiocese as a determined counter-reformer . Probably for this reason Pope Paul V appointed him coadjutor of the Archdiocese of Prague on May 14, 1612 with the right of succession to the bishopric. When Karl von Lamberg died on September 18, 1612 in the Ossegg monastery , Jan Lohelius succeeded him in the office of Archbishop of Prague.

In the years 1612–1622 Lohelius was also Grand Master of the Lords of the Cross with the Red Star. He took a firm stand against Protestantism and had the Evangelical Lutheran churches in Klostergrab and Braunau torn down in 1617 , which led to strong resistance from the Protestant rulers. The destruction of St. Vitus Cathedral and Strahov Monastery from the time of the Hussite Wars was repaired during his tenure.

During the class uprising in Bohemia with the Second Fall of the Window in Prague on May 23, 1618 Lohelius fled into exile after being expelled from the country. After the Habsburg victory in the Battle of White Mountain , he returned to Prague and began the Counter-Reformation with the consecration of St. Vitus Cathedral on February 29, 1621. Since then, he has influenced Habsburg-Catholic politics in Bohemia. In 1622 he forbade the utraquist Last Supper for the area of ​​his archdiocese .

Johann Lohelius died on November 2, 1622 in Prague and was buried in the monastery church of the Assumption of the Virgin in Strahov Monastery.

literature

Individual evidence

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predecessor Office successor
Karl Count von Lamberg Archbishop of Prague
1612–1622
Ernst Adalbert von Harrach