Royal Saxon Building Trade School Leipzig

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The Königlich-Sächsische Baugewerkenschule Leipzig was a state technical college and later a technical college in Leipzig for architects and technical building trades , which was founded in 1838 and existed with its successor institutions until 1994. Later names were Royal Saxon Bauschule Leipzig , Saxon State School Leipzig , Staatsbauschule Leipzig , School of Civil Engineering Leipzig and Engineering School Leipzig - Trade School of Civil Engineering .

history

Royal Saxon Building Trade School Leipzig

Albert Geutebrück in the year of his retirement as director, 1863

The architect Albert Geutebrück , head of the architecture department since 1823 (official name: learning linear drawing in general and in its special branches for architecture and its auxiliary trades ) at the Leipzig Art Academy , handed in November 1828 the Saxon State Economics, Manufacture and Commercial Deputation made a detailed proposal to expand the department comprehensively. This request was just as unsuccessful as the plan he submitted in 1833 to expand the department into an arts and crafts school. On July 13, 1838 a decree was issued to unite the architecture department of the academy with a new building trade school to be built . Geutebrück was appointed director . On October 8, 1838, in the Pleissenburg the Royal Saxon Baugewerkenschule Leipzig with three classes and a total of 28 students initially opened. The training initially lasted 12 months, divided into two half-year courses, which were only held between October (after Michaelmas ) and Easter (lower and upper grades). The minimum age for admission to the school was initially 14 years, a six-month practical activity was required. The school fees to be paid were initially four, later five thalers , and could be waived on application.

The weekly lessons were initially composed as follows:

In the art academy, the department for architecture was also retained for the graduates of the building trade school. Here, in the summer months, students could obtain further training in architecture theory , art history , form theory , higher mathematics and bookkeeping, among other things . The academy and the building trade school reinforced each other with teachers, they used the same teaching aids and classrooms. The latter included a drawing room, a room for lectures , a room for architectural models , the library and a small model making workshop . The free-hand drawing lessons for the painting classes of the art academy and the building trade school took place in one hall. In the first few years there were four teachers in the school.

Curriculum of the art academy with the architecture department, 1875

The number of pupils rose to 36 in the second year after the opening, in the school year 1862/1863 it was already 70. Before that, between 1843 and 1845 there were renovations in the Pleißenburg. During this time the school was temporarily housed in the Donner house not far from the windmill gate in the southern suburb. Then she could in the Academy wing of Pleissenburg among other things, a larger art room, an auditorium , a conference - and a staff room have two model rooms and a Bücherkabinett. On the 25th anniversary of the school, it was announced in March 1863 that the school had been attended by 649 official students by then, and in the same year Albert Geutebrück retired as director of the building trade school. Under Geutebrück's successor, Johann Ernst Wilhelm Zocher , there were organizational separations from the art academy, which concerned the previously shared model collection and library. In April 1872 the reorganization of the Saxon building trade schools was determined in Dresden , from then on in Leipzig there were the following subjects in three semesters: general building studies , stone and wood constructions , iron constructions , building laws and estimates , heating and ventilation systems , form theory, history of architecture , architectural drawing, mathematics, physics , mechanics, projection theory and perspective , ornament drawing , field measuring , stone carving , German language and accounting .

Brochure of the building trade school with a detailed lesson plan, around 1875

The drawing subjects were less in favor of the structural engineering, the technical requirements increased. From now on, the training was aimed primarily at future architects, engineers and operators of construction and real estate companies . The minimum age for admission was raised to 16 years, the prerequisites were a one-year practical activity and an entrance examination in German and mathematics. In 1876 the directors of the art academy and the building school complained about the lack of space in the Pleißenburg, which had increased in the previous years, and during the Christmas holidays the building trade school rented seven rooms in the 4th municipal district school in what was then Yorkstrasse. Two years later, the company moved again, this time to the ground floor rooms of the 1st secondary school on Parthenstrasse . In 1877, after a curriculum conference of the Saxon Ministry of the Interior in Dresden, it was decided to extend the teaching time in the building trade schools to four semesters , in Leipzig this new regulation came into force in the winter of 1878/1879. In 1880 the school had 13 teachers and the tuition fee was 30 marks . In 1885, the Saxon Ministry of the Interior decided to build a new building for the building trade school, the art academy and the Leipzig administration , the site on Wächterstrasse between Grassi and Wilhelm-Seyfferth-Strasse was chosen. After the lease in the 1st Realschule expired at Easter 1886 , they moved into premises in the Alte Nikolaischule . On October 15 and 16, 1888, a big celebration took place in the Krystallpalast on the occasion of the 50th anniversary. Former students donated an anniversary fund of 5,000 marks to the institution . In January 1900 the school was able to move into its new domicile in the side wing of the new building on Grassistraße.

Royal Saxon Building School and State Building School Leipzig

In 1909, all of the Saxon building trade schools were renamed to building schools, from then on the institution was called the Royal Saxon Building School Leipzig. From the winter semester of 1910/1911, the training lasted five semesters. Year-round training was introduced as early as 1905. Due to the steady growth of the now called Royal Academy for Graphic Arts and Book Industry, it was decided to move the building school out of Grassistraße. Construction work on a new building began in 1910, and on June 9, 1913, it was possible to move into the then Kaiserin-Augusta-Straße. Due to the First World War , a historic low was recorded in the 1918 summer semester with 24 students. After that, the numbers rose again, with 308 students attending the winter semester of 1919/1920.

At the end of 1920 the school was renamed the Sächsische Staatsbauschule Leipzig , the content of which was increasingly turning from architecture to engineering. In 1922 the new subjects civic studies and economics were included in the training. In the winter semester of 1926/1927 physical education was introduced, at the same time a school orchestra of around 20 people was founded. There was a turning point in the history of the institution in 1930: In accordance with an ordinance of the Saxon Ministry of Economics of 25 May 1929, final exams were held for the first time at the end of the fifth semester the following year. Previously there were only graduation certificates with grades . In 1933, the subjects of racial studies and eugenics were introduced into industrial hygiene . In January 1934, a civil engineering department was founded in the building school , and from 1937 the institution was officially called the Leipzig State Building School . Higher technical state training institute for civil engineering , as a short name State building school for civil engineering Leipzig . In the same year the steel construction department was established. In 1938 there were courses on the following topics: building construction , civil engineering, auxiliary sciences, free-hand drawing, modeling, and heating and ventilation. During the air raids on Leipzig in 1943 the main building was badly damaged, and school operations continued until the end of the war in 1945 . On October 1, 1945, according to the order in the information sheet. Official news bulletin of the city administration of Leipzig and of the district administrator of Leipzig No. 36 from September 23rd.

Engineering school for construction Leipzig

On December 15, 1947, the Leipzig Civil Engineering School (later the Leipzig Engineering School - Technical School for Civil Engineering ) was opened as a successor to the Leipzig State Building School with branches in Halle (Saale) and Chemnitz - at that time Karl-Marx-Stadt. The training of a maximum of 300 students lasted six semesters. On February 10, 1954, the Leipzig University of Construction was founded, which took over the building of the engineering school. Initially, both institutions shared the building, then the engineering school was housed in a building complex on Raschwitzer Strasse. Up until 1963, the subjects of structural engineering, civil engineering, general civil engineering , architecture, reinforced concrete , steel construction , construction industry and industrial construction were offered, from 1964 only the courses in civil engineering and engineering economics . Until 1964 there was the possibility of completing a master craftsman's training in the form of evening studies. A large number of foreign students were enrolled between 1957 and 1975. The engineering school was closed as a state school in 1994 and became private sponsorship.

School names

  • 1839–1909: Royal Saxon Building Trade School Leipzig
  • 1909–1920: Royal Saxon Building School Leipzig
  • 1920–1936: Saxon State Building School Leipzig
  • 1936–1947: State Building School Leipzig. Higher technical state school for civil engineering, short name: State school for civil engineering Leipzig
  • 1947–1953: Engineering School for Building in Leipzig
  • 1953–1994: Leipzig engineering school - technical college for construction

Locations

  • 1838–1876: Pleißenburg
  • 1876–1878: 4th municipal district school (Yorkstrasse 2-4, today Erich-Weinert-Strasse)
  • 1878–1886: 1st secondary school (Nordstrasse 37 / corner Parthestrasse)
  • 1886–1900: Old Nikolaischule
  • 1900–1913: New building at Grassistraße 3 / corner of Wächterstraße (today HGB Leipzig)
  • 1913 – around 1954: New building at Kaiserin-Augusta-Straße 32, today Richard-Lehmann-Straße / corner of Karl-Liebknecht-Straße (today HTWK Leipzig)
  • around 1954–1994: Raschwitzer Strasse 15
  • Locations

  • 1838–1876: Pleißenburg

  • 1876–1878: 4th municipal district school

  • 1878–1886: 1st secondary school in Leipzig

  • 1886–1900: Old Nikolaischule

  • 1900–1913: New construction at Grassistraße / Wächterstraße

  • 1913 – around 1954: New building at Kaiserin-Augusta-Strasse 32

Well-known directors and teachers (selection)

Several teachers were previously students at the facility.

Known students (selection)

Significance in the history of technical educational institutions in Leipzig

The Royal Saxon Building Trade School in Leipzig was the first purely technical educational institution in Leipzig. It had no direct connection with the Leipzig University of Civil Engineering (founded in 1954) and the Leipzig University of Engineering (founded in 1969), which were merged in 1977 to form the Leipzig University of Technology and from which the HTWK Leipzig later emerged.

The HTWK is not a legal successor of the School of Civil Engineering and its predecessor institutions.

literature

  • 100 years of the State School for Civil Engineering in Leipzig. 1838-1938 . Poeschel & Trepke, Leipzig 1938, DNB 362380910 .
  • Johannes Rauh: On the development of the Leipzig Civil Engineering School from 1945 to 1976 . Diss., Technical University Leipzig, Leipzig 1984, DNB 941305643 .
  • Engineering school for construction Leipzig. 1838 - 1988. Past, present, future , publisher: Director of the Engineering School for Building, Leipzig 1988, DNB 210671904 .
  • Norbert Kämmler (Hrsg.): Technical education in Leipzig. From the beginning to the present . Fachbuchverlag Leipzig, Leipzig 1989, ISBN 978-3-343-00466-9 .
  • Birgit Hartung: Albert Geutebrück. Builder of Classicism in Leipzig . Lehmstedt Verlag, Leipzig 2003, ISBN 3-937146-05-9 , pp. 22-27.
  • 175 years of architecture from Leipzig , publisher: University of Technology, Economy and Culture, Leipzig, Faculty of Construction. Leipzig 2013, DNB 1043914544 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Birgit Hartung 2003, p. 22.
  2. ↑ a b c 100 years of the State School for Civil Engineering Leipzig 1938, p. 10 f.
  3. ↑ a b Birgit Hartung 2003, p. 24.
  4. ↑ a b c 175 years of architecture from Leipzig 2013, p. 25.
  5. ↑ a b 175 years of architecture from Leipzig 2013, p. 24.
  6. ↑ a b 100 years of the State Building School for Civil Engineering Leipzig 1938, p. 12 f.
  7. ↑ a b Birgit Hartung 2003, p. 27.
  8. ↑ 100 years of the State Building School for Civil Engineering Leipzig 1938, p. 15.
  9. ↑ 100 years of the State Building School for Civil Engineering Leipzig 1938, p. 16 f.
  10. ↑ 100 years of the State Building School for Civil Engineering Leipzig 1938, p. 19.
  11. ↑ 175 years of architecture from Leipzig 2013, p. 38.
  12. ↑ a b 100 Years of the State Building School for Civil Engineering Leipzig 1938, p. 40.
  13. ↑ 100 years of the State Building School for Civil Engineering Leipzig 1938, p. 21 f.
  14. ↑ 100 years of the State Building School for Civil Engineering Leipzig 1938, p. 22 f.
  15. ↑ on the construction cf. also: Wolfgang Hocquél : Leipzig. Architecture from Romanticism to the Present . 3rd, strong adult Edition, Passage-Verlag, Leipzig 2010, ISBN 978-3-932900-54-9 , p. 209 f.
  16. ↑ a b c 100 years of the State School for Civil Engineering Leipzig 1938, p. 24 f.
  17. ↑ 100 years of the State Building School for Civil Engineering Leipzig 1938, p. 26.
  18. ↑ 100 years of the State Building School for Civil Engineering Leipzig 1938, p. 30 f.
  19. ↑ a b 100 Years of the State Building School for Civil Engineering Leipzig 1938, p. 32.
  20. ↑ 175 years of architecture from Leipzig 2013, p. 40.
  21. ↑ a b 100 Years of the State Building School for Civil Engineering Leipzig 1938, p. 37.
  22. ↑ 175 years of architecture from Leipzig 2013, p. 90.
  23. ↑ Leipzig address book for 1937. Second volume. IV. Authorities . August Scherl, Leipzig 1936, DNB 1188926705 , p. 33.
  24. ↑ 175 years of architecture from Leipzig 2013, p. 90.
  25. ↑ 100 years of the State Building School for Civil Engineering Leipzig 1938, p. 44.
  26. ↑ 175 years of architecture from Leipzig 2013, p. 91.
  27. ↑ Norbert Kämmler (Ed.) 1989, p. 115.
  28. ↑ a b Engineering School for Construction Leipzig. In: sachsen.de. Archiving. Saxon State Archives, accessed on October 17, 2019 .
  29. ↑ a b 175 years of architecture in Leipzig 2013, p. 94.
  30. ↑ Norbert Kämmler (Ed.) 1989, pp. 131 and 139.
  31. ↑ Gina Klank, Gernot Griebsch: Lexicon Leipziger Straßeennamen , ed. from the Leipzig City Archives. Verlag im Wissenschaftszentrum, Leipzig 1995, ISBN 3-930433-09-5 , p. 65.
  32. ↑ Unless otherwise stated: 175 years of architecture from Leipzig 2013, p. 32 ff.
  33. ↑ 100 Years of the State Building School for Civil Engineering Leipzig 1938, p. 36.
  34. ↑ Unless otherwise stated: 175 years of architecture from Leipzig 2013, p. 48 ff.
  35. ↑ 100 years of Bauhaus. In: Leipziger Städtische Libraries. City of Leipzig, September 26, 2019, accessed on October 19, 2019 .
  36. ↑ University Archives . In: University of Technology, Economics and Culture Leipzig. January 4, 2018, accessed October 20, 2019 .