Saqqara King List
The King List of Saqqara is an ancient Egyptian list of kings that was in the tomb of the royal scribe and chief reading priest ( ẖrj-ḥ3bt-ḥr.j-tp ) Tjuneroy (19th Dynasty) in Saqqara . The grave was discovered in 1861. The list is now in the Egyptian Museum in Cairo .
description
The list once named 58 kings who are revered on the list of Ramses II . Today only about 50 names remain. They are arranged in two rows chronologically from bottom left to top right. Interestingly, the list of kings begins with Pharaoh Anedjib (6th ruler of the 1st dynasty). His successor Semerchet is missing, Pharaoh Qaa (8th and last ruler of the 1st dynasty) follows directly . Then the list names nine rulers whose names almost entirely coincide with the Turin royal papyrus. Only four rulers are named for the 3rd dynasty.
As in the list of kings of Abydos , many rulers of the First Intermediate Period are missing from the Saqqara list .
The king list
| Bottom row | Top row | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | Pharaoh | Remarks | No. | Pharaoh | Remarks |
| 1 | Anedjib | 6th King of the 1st Dynasty . His five predecessors and his successor Semerchet are left out. | 30th | Menkauhor | 7th King of the 5th Dynasty. |
| 2 | Hor Qaa | 8th King of the 1st Dynasty. | 31 | Djedkare | 8th King of the 5th Dynasty. |
| 3 | Hetepsechemui | 1st king of the 2nd dynasty . | 32 | Unas | 9th King of the 5th Dynasty. |
| 4th | Nebre | 2nd king of the 2nd dynasty. | 33 | Teti II. | 1st King of the 6th Dynasty . His successor Userkare is left out. |
| 5 | Ninetjer | 3rd King of the 2nd Dynasty. | 34 | Pepi I. | 3rd King of the 6th Dynasty. |
| 6th | Wadjnes | A king of the 2nd dynasty. | 35 | Merenre | 4th King of the 6th Dynasty. |
| 7th | Sened | A king of the 2nd dynasty. | 36 | Pepi II. | 5th King of the 6th Dynasty. All subsequent rulers of the 6th Dynasty, the First Intermediate Period, and the beginning of the 11th Dynasty are left out. |
| 8th | Neferkare | A king of the 2nd dynasty. | 46 | Nofrusobek | 8th Queen of the 12th Dynasty . The kings of the 11th and 12th dynasties (Mentuhotep II to Nofrusobek) are arranged in reverse order. The rulers of the Second Intermediate Period are left out. |
| 9 | Neferkasokar | A king of the 2nd dynasty. | 45 | Amenemhet IV. | 7th King of the 12th Dynasty. |
| 10 | Hudjefa | A king of the 2nd dynasty. | 44 | Amenemhet III. | 6th King of the 12th Dynasty. |
| 11 | Chasechemui | Last king of the 2nd dynasty. | 43 | Sesostris III. | 5th King of the 12th Dynasty. |
| 12 | Djoser | 1st king of the 3rd dynasty . | 42 | Sesostris II. | 4th King of the 12th Dynasty. |
| 13 | Djoserteni | 2nd king of the 3rd dynasty. | 41 | Amenemhet II | 3rd King of the 12th Dynasty. |
| 14th | Nebka | A 3rd dynasty king. | 40 | Sesostris I. | 2nd king of the 12th dynasty. |
| 15th | Huni | Last king of the 3rd dynasty. | 39 | Amenemhet I. | 1st King of the 12th Dynasty. |
| 16 | Sneferu | 1st king of the 4th dynasty . | 38 | Mentuhotep III. | 6th King of the 11th Dynasty. |
| 17th | Cheops | 2nd king of the 4th dynasty. | 37 | Mentuhotep II. | 5th King of the 11th Dynasty. |
| 18th | Radjedef (Djedefre) | 3rd King of the 4th Dynasty. | 47 | Ahmose | 1st king of the 18th dynasty . |
| 19th | Chephren | 4th King of the 4th Dynasty. | 48 | Amenhotep I. | 2nd king of the 18th dynasty. |
| 20th | [Bicheris] | 5th king of the 4th dynasty. Name destroyed. | 49 | [Thutmose I.] | 3rd King of the 18th Dynasty. Name destroyed. |
| 21st | [Mykerinos] | 6th King of the 4th Dynasty. Name destroyed. | 50 | [Thutmose II.] | 4th King of the 18th Dynasty. Name destroyed. His successor Hatshepsut is left out. |
| 22nd | [Sheepseskaf] | 7th King of the 4th Dynasty. Name destroyed. | 51 | [Thutmose III.] | 6th King of the 18th Dynasty. Name destroyed. |
| 23 | [Thamphthis] | 8th King of the 4th Dynasty. Name destroyed. | 52 | [Amenhotep II] | 7th King of the 18th Dynasty. Name destroyed. |
| 24 | [?] | No other list of kings names a ruler between Thamphthis and Userkaf. It is unclear who was meant here. Possibly. it is a staggered addendum to the Niuserre, which was accidentally ignored when changing lines. | 53 | [Thutmose IV.] | 8th King of the 18th Dynasty. Name destroyed. |
| 25th | Userkaf | 1st king of the 5th dynasty . | 54 | [Amenhotep III] | 9. King of the 18th dynasty. Name destroyed. The rulers of the Amarna period ( Amenophis IV./Echnaton , Semenchkare , Tutankhamun and Eje II. ) Are left out. |
| 26th | Sahure | 2nd king of the 5th dynasty. | 55 | Haremhab | 14th King of the 18th Dynasty. Only remnants of the name have been preserved. |
| 27 | Neferirkare | 3rd King of the 5th Dynasty. | 56 | Ramses I. | 1st king of the 19th dynasty . Only remnants of the name have been preserved. |
| 28 | Schepseskare | 4th King of the 5th Dynasty. | 57 | Seti I. | 2nd king of the 19th dynasty. Only remnants of the name have been preserved. |
| 29 | Raneferef (Neferefre) | 5th King of the 5th Dynasty. His successor Niuserre is left out. | 58 | Ramses ii | 3rd King of the 19th Dynasty. Only remnants of the name have been preserved. |
See also
- List of pharaohs
- Palermo stone
- Turin Royal Papyrus
- List of kings of Abydos (Seti I)
- List of kings of Abydos (Ramses II.)
- Karnak King List
literature
- Jürgen von Beckerath : Chronology of the pharaonic Egypt. The timing of Egyptian history from prehistoric times to 332 BC Chr. In: Münchner Ägyptologische Studien. Vol. 46, von Zabern, Mainz 1997, ISBN 3-8053-2310-7 , pp. 24, 216.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Jürgen von Beckerath: Chronology of the Pharaonic Egypt. von Zabern, Mainz 1997, p. 154.