Kaifeng
| Kāifēng Shì 开封 市 Kaifeng |
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 Cityscapes |
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| Coordinates | 34 ° 47 ' N , 114 ° 21' E | ||
 Location Kaifeng in Henan |
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| Basic data | |||
| Country | People's Republic of China | ||
| region | Central and South China | ||
| province | Henan | ||
| ISO 3166-2 | CN-HA | ||
| status | District-free city | ||
| structure | 5 city districts, 5 districts | ||
| height | 75 m | ||
| surface | 546.4 km² | ||
| Metropolitan area | 6247 km² | ||
| Residents | 894,142 (2010) | ||
| Metropolitan area | 4,676,159 (2010) | ||
| density | 1,636.4 Ew. / km² | ||
| Metropolitan area | 748.5 Ew. / km² | ||
| Post Code | 475000 | ||
| Telephone code | (+86) 371 | ||
| Time zone | China Standard Time (CST) UTC +8 |
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| License Plate | 豫 B | ||
| Website | www.kaifeng.gov.cn | ||
Kaifeng ( Chinese 開封 市 / 开封 市 , Pinyin Kāifēng Shì ) is a district-free city in the Chinese province of Henan . Your administrative area has an area of 6,247 km² and around 4.7 million inhabitants (2010 census). 894,142 people live in the actual urban settlement area of Kaifeng (2010 census). Kaifeng is located on the Yellow River . The distance to Zhengzhou , the capital of the province, is about 70 kilometers. Kaifeng is one of the ancient capitals in the history of China .
Administrative structure
At the district level, Kaifeng is made up of five city districts and four districts . These are:
- Gulou district (鼓楼 区), 58.68 km², 161,300 inhabitants, center, seat of the city government;
- Longting district (龙亭 区), 343.89 km², 298,000 inhabitants;
- District Shunhe the Hui (顺河回族区= "Muslim quarter"), 86.73 square kilometers, 241,100 inhabitants;
- Xiangfu District (祥符 区), 1,302 km², 670,000 inhabitants, capital: Chengguan Municipality (城关 镇);
- District Yuwangtai District (禹王台区), 57.05 square kilometers, 148,300 inhabitants;
- Qi County (杞县), 1,258 km², 1.05 million inhabitants, capital: Chengguan Municipality (城关 镇);
- Tongxu County (通 许 县), 767 km², 600,000 inhabitants, capital: Chengguan Municipality (城关 镇);
- Weishi County (尉氏 县), 1,257 km², 870,000 inhabitants, capital: Chengguan Township (城关 镇);
- Circle Lankao (兰考县), km² 1116, 760,000 inhabitants, capital: greater community Chengguan (城关镇).
history
In 364 BC The rulers of the Wei state chose the area to found their capital under the name Daliang ( 大梁 , Dà liáng - "Great Bridge"). However, after the fall of the state, the city was abandoned.
In 781 AD, under the Tang Dynasty, a new city named Bian ( 汴 (梁) , Biàn (liáng) - "Bian (river) bridge") was founded. The city was expanded under the Song Dynasty . Other names are: 汴州 , Biàn zhōu and 東京 Dōng jīng - "Eastern capital"
During the Song Dynasty , Kaifeng was the capital of the empire until 1126, and again from 1214–1234 under the Jin Dynasty . The population numbers can only be estimated, so the figures vary between 400,000 and 700,000 inhabitants. The population was later decimated several times by typhus epidemics . The Youguo Temple Pagoda ( Youguo si ta ), built in 1049 and known today as the Iron Pagoda ( tieta ), dates back to the Song period . It is 54 meters high and has survived many wars and floods. It is the oldest building in the city. Another pagoda, Bo Ta (繁 塔) from 974 , has been partially destroyed.
Since the 9th century, but especially since the time of the capital, Arab merchants settled in Kaifeng, who merged with the Chinese to form the Muslim Hui Chinese , who still inhabit an autonomous city district today. There has been evidence of a Jewish community in Kaifeng since the 12th century , but until the 19th century it was largely absorbed by the majority of the Chinese population through ethnic mixing and assimilation. Its members originally came to China from Persia via the Silk Road.
In 1642 , Kaifeng was inundated by the Ming Army . She used the water of the Yellow River to avoid the peasant leader Li Zicheng's troops from taking over the city. Kaifeng was rebuilt under Emperor Kangxi after 1662 , but flooded again in 1841. From 1843 the city was rebuilt.
Town twinning
Kaifeng maintains twinning partnerships with five cities:
| city | country | since |
|---|---|---|
| Omsk |
 Russia
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2007 |
| Toda |
 Japan
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1984 |
| Wichita |
 United States, Kansas
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1985 |
| Wingecarribee Shire |
 Australia
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2007 |
| Yeongcheon |
 Gyeongsangbuk, South Korea
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2005 |
Others
Kaifeng (then: Bianliang) is portrayed on the famous Qingming scroll (Qingming shanghe tu 清明上河图) by Zhang Zeduan .
Today one of the largest Jewish communities in China lives in Kaifeng .
sons and daughters of the town
- Song Shenzong (1048–1085), Emperor of the (Northern) Song Dynasty
- Bo Yang (1920–2008), cultural critic and author
- Zhang Daqing (* 1969), amateur astronomer
Web links
- Kaifeng City Official Site (Chinese)
- Kaifeng under the northern song
- Imperial city on the sidelines. Every heyday comes to an end - on the trail of past greatness and power in Kaifeng In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung , February 7, 2009.
Individual evidence
- ^ Sister Cities. Retrieved May 14, 2019 .
- ^ Sister Cities - Kaifeng. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on September 25, 2015 ; accessed on September 24, 2015 .