Kaznějov

Kaznějov
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Plzeňský kraj
District :	Plzeň-sever
Area :	1230 ha
Geographic location :	49 ° 54 '  N , 13 ° 23'  E Coordinates: 49 ° 53 '53 "  N , 13 ° 22' 59"  E
Height:	398  m nm
Residents :	3,075 (Jan 1, 2019)
Postal code :	331 51
License plate :	P
traffic
Street:	I / 27 Plzeň - Kralovice
Railway connection:	160 Plzeň – Žatec
structure
Status:	city
Districts:	1
administration
Mayor :	Petr Sýkora (as of 2009)
Address:	Ke škále 220 331 51 Kaznějov
Municipality number:	559008
Website :	www.kaznejov.cz

Kaznějov (German Kaznau , also Kasenau , Kazniow , 1939-1945: Gaßnau ) is a city in the Czech Republic . It is located 16 kilometers north of the city center of Plzeň and belongs to the Plzeňský kraj .

geography

The city is located in the southwestern foothills of the Rakonitzer hill country in the headwaters of the Kaznějovský creek. The Červený vrch (515 m) rises to the southeast, the Bertovný vrch (513 m) to the west and the Holý vrch (507 m) to the northwest. To the west lie large kaolin pits . The Plzeň – Žatec railway runs through Kaznějov .

Neighboring towns are Rybnice and Plasy in the north, Nebřeziny, Kočín and Dolní Hradiště in the north-east, Koryta and Obora in the east, Jarov , Chotiná, Třemošnice, Habeš and Býkov in the south-east, Kamenice, Třemošná and Horní Bříza in the south, Vísky and Trnováza in the south. Krašovice , Bučí and Mrtník in the west and Lomnička and Lomany in the northwest.

history

Kázňov was first mentioned in 1144 in the founding deed of the Plasy Monastery . The following year, the first nine Cistercians came to the area from the Langheim monastery and were given the royal court of Plasy and the villages of Kázňov, Sechutice, Vrážné and Nebřeziny from Vladislav II . In place of the village of Kázňov, the order established a grangie before 1250 . After the dissolution of the Grangie, a village was laid out again in 1346. The yard was divided into 16 hubs by the Kralowitz judge and the locator Peter and assigned to farmers. In 1420 King Sigismund Kázňov pledged together with the town of Kralowitz and other monastery villages to the brothers Hans and Friedrich Kolowrat-Liebsteinsky on Krašov . Because Kázňov had previously been pledged to Burian von Guttenstein by Sigismund, the latter finally received the village and added it to his rule Dolní Bělá . During the Hussite Wars , six farms were burned down and the village of Újezd, two kilometers to the southwest, became extinct. In its place is the Újezd ​​Hegerhaus today. In 1555 the Karlstein burgrave Sebastian Markwart bought from Hrádek Kázňov and the desert of Újezd ​​from the Guttensteiners. After the Battle of White Mountain , the goods of the Hrádek market warden were confiscated and later sold by the Bohemian Chamber to Wilhelm von Vřeskovice, who had to cede Kaznějov to the Plasy Monastery at the imperial request . In the berní rula from 1654, eight properties, a sheep farm and the desert stately mill are shown for Kaznějov. By 1664 the village grew back to 24 properties and the abbot Christoph Tengler had a forecourt built in place of the mill. In 1681 the abbot Benedikt Engelken closed the farm again and assigned the land to three settlers. Until the abolition of the monastery in 1786, Kázňov remained the property of the monastery and then became part of the religious fund. In 1826 Prince Metternich bought the Plasy estate. After discovering a coal deposit, Johann David Starck began mining it in 1833 and founded a chemical factory. In 1847 the company Joh. Dav. Stark built another factory to manufacture phosphorus. The Kaznau chemical factories continued to produce alum , vitriol , iron vitriol and fuming sulfuric acid in the 19th century .

After the abolition of patrimonial Kázňov / Kaznau formed a municipality in the Kralowitz district from 1850. In the 1870s, the Starck factories began producing superphosphate from residues from phosphate production . In 1874, the production of highly concentrated fuming sulfuric acid began in Kázňov . The 1885 for Montan- und Industrialwerke AG, vorm. JD Starck , based in Unter Reichenau, was renamed Starck's factories and was bought by Ignaz Petschek in 1900 . In 1921 the place name was changed to Kaznějov . In 1934 a cemetery was established in Kaznějov. As a result of the Munich Agreement , the company was divided in 1938 and the industrial joint-stock company Kaznějov-Břasy was established with its headquarters in Prague . This was "aryanized" after the German occupation and became a sister company of the mining and industrial works company, formerly Joh. Dav. Starck in Unter Reichenau to the industrial stock corporation formerly Joh. Dav. Starck - Průmyslová akciová společnost dříve Jan Dav. Starck renamed. 1945 took place the nationalization of the Průmyslová akciová společnost, dříve Jan David Starck . In 1949 the state enterprise Jodasta with its seat in Kaznějov was created, which in 1953 was renamed Chemické závody Julia Fučíka (Chemical Works "Julius Fučík"). In 1991 the works were privatized. Kaznějov has been a city since 1997. In 2002 the Kaznějovský potok flooded.

Local division

No districts are shown for Kaznějov.

Attractions

• Chapel on the old village square, built in 1893 instead of the chapel from 1630 that burned down the year before
• Monument to the Fallen

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
2. ↑ Entry in the commercial register of the Industrie-Aktiengesellschaft formerly Joh. Dav. Starck after the Aryanization ( Memento of the original from May 14, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 

Web links

• History of the Kaznějov Chemical Factory (p. 105 ff) (PDF; 987 kB)