Chříč
| Chříč | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|||||
| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
|
||||
| Region : | Plzeňský kraj | ||||
| District : | Plzeň-sever | ||||
| Area : | 1361.6883 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 58 ' N , 13 ° 39' E | ||||
| Height: | 374 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 214 (Jan. 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 331 43 | ||||
| License plate : | P | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Kralovice - Roztoky | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | local community | ||||
| Districts: | 2 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Vladimír Petrlík (as of 2013) | ||||
| Address: | Chříč 26 331 41 Kralovice |
||||
| Municipality number: | 558974 | ||||
| Website : | www.chric.cz | ||||
Chříč , until 1924 also Křič (German Krzicz , 1939-1945 Kreitsch ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located twelve kilometers east of Kralovice and belongs to the Okres Plzeň-sever .
geography
Chříč is located on the upper reaches of the brook Chříčský potok in the Kralowitz hill country ( Kralovická pahorkatina ). The Křivoklátsko Protected Landscape Area extends northeast, and the Horní Berounka Nature Park to the south. To the south lies the deeply cut valley of the Berounka . To the north rises Dubenčice (445 m), in the northeast the Marta (406 m), east of the Dlouhý hřeben (414 m), in the south of the Hamouz (470 m), west of the Úvoz (438 m). State road II / 201 runs through Chříč between Kralovice and Roztoky .
Neighboring towns are V Háji, Slatina , Machuv Mlyn and Lhota in the north, Marek, Polanec, Kubův Mlyn, Modřejovice, Slabce , Sadlno and Újezdec in the Northeast, Hřebečníky , Čertovec and Kostelík the east, Kočkův Mlyn, Hradiště , Dubjanský Dvůr Pod Dubjany, Dubensko, Zvíkovec and Podmokly in the southeast, Hamouz, Dolany, Sádky, Chlum and Studená in the south, Hlince , Krašov, Rohy, Baborův Mlýn, Brodský Mlýn and Brodeslavy in the southwest, Všehrdy , Holovousy and Černíkovice , Hedečko, Hedčlany, in the west and Kožlany Cukrovic Mlýn, Březsko, Břežany and Uhrovic Mlýn in the northwest.
history
Chříč probably arose in the middle of the 11th century in the course of the internal colonization of Bohemia under Duke Břetislav I. He had besieged the Piast Castle Gradec ( Hedč in Czech ) in 1039 during his second raid to Poland . After the castle was captured, the inhabitants of the area who fled there placed themselves under the protection of Břetislav, who took them with their cattle to Bohemia and settled in the Černý les forest area near Kralovice . The Hedčané were free settlers until the beginning of the 13th century, in 1229 their 25 villages were placed under the Křivoklát Castle .
Chříč was first mentioned in a document in 1318 under the property of the Krašov Castle . Since the 1380s the estate belonged to the Pürglitzer fiefdom. According to the feudal system introduced by King Ottokar II. Přemysl to guarantee the protection of the Křivoklát castle, the free subjects were obliged to defend the castle or had to provide other services. The vassals enfeoffed with Chříč were obliged to appear prepared on Křivoklát at the request of the burgrave and to submit to his orders. Around 1420 the landlord Absolon von Chříč, together with his brother Žibřid, became a follower of the teachings of Jan Hus . Absolon von Chříč sold the estate in 1437 to Otík von Šanov, who ten years later sold it to Sezema von Malšín. He built a fortress in Chříč. At the transition from the 15th to the 16th century, the estate was released from the Pürglitzer fief. The following owners included Wenzel Strojetický of Chříč and then from 1540 Ulrich Lažanský of Buggau ( Oldřich Lažanský z Bukové ). The latter had the fortress prepared and a new meierhof built in the 1560s. His two sons Sebastian and Ulrich initially owned the paternal inheritance together, but in 1567 they shared the property. The Chříč estate with the festival, the farm and the brewery, the village of Chříč, which consists of 13 properties including a mill, the village of Lhota and a portion of Hlince fell to Sebastian Lažanský von Buggau. After the death of his brother Ulrich, his Dubian estate and Studena fell back to him. In 1585 Sebastian Lažanský sold both goods due to over-indebtedness to Johann Týřovský z Enzidle ( Jan Týřovský z Enzidle ) and made Břesko ( Březsko ) his seat. In 1604 he also sold the estate Břesko with the villages Břesko, Hlince and Lhota to Johann Teyrzowsky. His son, the Rakonitz district chief Heinrich Jakob Teyrzowsky von Ensiedl, bequeathed the Křič, Kožlan , Břesko and Dubian ( Dubjany ) estates to his son Johann in 1618 . He sold the goods in 1621 to Bohuslaw Georg Kolowrat -Krakowsky on Schippen and Schösselhof . In 1645 all goods belonged to Hermann Warlich von Bubna . During the Thirty Years' War the area was devastated and the villages of Břesko, Dubian and Dolan ( Dolany ) became extinct. The following owners were from 1650 Adam Heinrich Teyrzowsky von Ensiedl, from 1665 the Rakonitz district chief Adalbert Ignaz Teyrzowsky von Ensiedl and from 1695 his son Wilhelm Freiherr Teyrzowsky von Ensiedl. In 1713 the Teyrzowsky von Ensiedl brothers sold the Křič reign for 211,000 guilders to Wenceslaus Josef Lažanský from Bukowa on Manetin . In the same year he bought the Tschistay estate from the Prague cathedral chapter of St. Vitus and united it with the Křič dominion. In 1715 his widow Marie Gabriele and sons Maximilian Wenzel and Karl Josef Lažanský inherited the property. Křič remained in the possession of the widow, who died in 1758 as superior of the imperial monastery of noble ladies in the New Town of Prague and left half of the indebted rule to the monastery. The other half was foreclosed at the request of their creditors; However, since there was no interested party, it fell to the Lažanský heirs, who sold it to the Fräuleinstift in 1764, which later received the name kk Freiweltadeliges Damenstift to the holy angels in the old town of Prague . The Castle Chapel of St. In 1785 John of Nepomuk was raised to the place of the parish Kožlan instead of the church of St. Peter and Paul in Dolany. During the Josephine reforms in 1787 the rule was attached to the Prague Theresianum, in 1791 it returned to the women's monastery. In 1820 the south wing of the palace was destroyed by fire.
In 1843, the Křič estate comprised a usable area of 16,995 yoke 610 square fathoms. 7,161 mostly Czech-speaking people lived on their territory; the villages Křekowitz ( Křekovice ), Nedowitz ( Otěvěky ), Waclaw and Röscha were German-speaking. The main source of income for the residents was agriculture and fruit growing. The authorities manage the ten Meierhöfe Křič, Schippen, Schösselhof, Waclaw, Dubian, Břesko, Hedečko, Strachowitz ( Strachovice ), Neuhof ( Nový Dvůr ) and Ptič, to which with the exception of Dubian, Strachowitz and Neuhof sheep farms were connected. The forests with an area of 4188 Joch 1373 square fathoms were divided into the forest districts Schösselhof, Strachowitz and Křič. The largest commercial enterprises were Wenzel Wlach's vitriol factory near Křič, Ferdinand Hildprandt von und zu Ottenhausen's artificial plaster and tar distillery, and two authoritarian potash factories in Křič and Tschistay. To rule KRIC the humble town belonged Kožlan , the humble market Chee Stay , villages KRIC, Lhota, Studena , Hlintsch , Holofaus , Slatina , Hečan ( Hedčany ) Miličow ( Milíčov ) Welbowitz ( Bělbožice ) Křekowitz, Brezan , shovels , Schösselhof , Nedowitz, Tlesko ( Tlestky ), Třiman ( Třímany ), Watzlaw and Röscha . The village of Křič , also written Krič , Křitz or Křitsch , consisted of 46 houses with 465 inhabitants. The local church of St. Johannes von Nepomuk and the school. In the place there was also an official castle with the apartments of the office director and the localist, a dominical farm with sheep, a dominical brewhouse, a dominical brandy and river house , a dominical hunter's house and an inn. On the other side were the official Hegerhaus Beim Marek and next to it the vitriol work by Wenzel Wlach. Křič was the parish for Lhota, Studena, Hlintsch, Holofaus and Slatina. Until the middle of the 19th century, Křič was the official village of the lordship of the same name.
After the abolition of patrimonial formed KRIC / Krzicz in 1850 with the single layer Kubův Mlýn a municipality in the judicial district Kralowitz. In 1868 Křič was assigned to the Kralowitz district . At that time the village formed a small rural center with a parish, school, post office, brewery, distillery, mine and a few handicraft businesses. The antimony mine was closed in 1886. Chříč was used as an alternative to Křič as an official name since the end of the 19th century . In 1906, the Freiwelt noble ladies' monastery to the holy angels sold the manor Chříč Stephan von Götzendorf-Grabowski, who sold it to Gustav Fischer in 1910. The following year Karel Černohorský bought the goods. In 1924 Chříč was declared an official place name. Chříč lost its importance with the decline of the ladies' estate . Then the owners of the property changed in quick succession. František Pokorný, who bought the Chříč estate in 1931, was expropriated by the communists after World War II. During this time Chříč lost its importance as a sub-center; In addition to the brewery and the distillery, the private craft businesses also went out; most of the residents were then employed in agriculture and forestry. The village pond was filled in during this time. In 1949 the village was transferred to the newly formed Okres Plasy. After the Okres Plasy was abolished, Chříč was assigned to the Okres Plzeň-sever in 1960. In 1961 Hlince , Holovousy , Lhota, Slatina and Studená were incorporated . On November 24, 1990, Hlince, Holovousy and Slatina, and on January 1, 1994 also Studená, broke away from Chříč and formed their own communities. Chříč is a member of the Kralovicko microregion.
Community structure
The municipality Chříč consists of the districts Chříč ( Kreitsch ) and Lhota. The municipality is divided into the cadastral districts of Chříč and Lhota u Chříče. Chříč also includes the layers V Háji, Dubensko, Dubjanský Dvůr, Pod Dubjany and Kubův Mlýn.
Attractions
- The Chříč Castle was built in the second half of the 16th century as a Renaissance building instead of a fortress built in 1447 and was rebuilt in 1766–1768. In the fire of 1820, one of the three wings was destroyed and later removed. The north-western part including the church and school was preserved. A park and a farmyard belong to the now ruined castle.
- Church of St. Johannes von Nepomuk, the former castle chapel built in 1767 was raised to a locality in 1785 instead of the church of St. Peter and Paul in Dolany. The entrance area with the tower was added in the second half of the 19th century. After its completion, the two large bells from the desert church in Dolany were moved to Chříč in 1878; the old Chříč bell found its new place in the bell tower of Holovousy.
- Baroque statue of St. Johannes Nepomuk, east of the village at a crossroads between the castle and the cemetery, created in 1767
- 300-year-old maple at the Hegerhaus
- Old Castle ( Starý zámek ), remains of a medieval fortress on a spur above the Berounka, southeast of Dubjanský Dvůr, destroyed during the Hussite Wars.
literature
- Emil Komárek: The Polish colony of the Hedčané in Bohemia, at the same time a contribution to Kosma's life story , E. Grégr 1868
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/558974/Chric
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer The Kingdom of Bohemia, Vol. 13 Rakonitzer Kreis, 1845, pp. 19-20
- ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer The Kingdom of Bohemia, Vol. 13 Rakonitzer Kreis, 1845, pp. 20–26
- ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer The Kingdom of Bohemia, Vol. 13 Rakonitzer Kreis, 1845, pp. 22-23
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/casti-obce-obec/558974/Obec-Chric
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi-obec/558974/Obec-Chric