Kindelsberg
| Kindelsberg | ||
|---|---|---|
 Kindelsberg seen from Hüttentalstrasse (HTS) |
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| height | 618.5 m above sea level NHN | |
| location | at Kreuztal ; District of Siegen-Wittgenstein , North Rhine-Westphalia ( Germany ) | |
| Mountains | Rothaar Mountains | |
| Dominance | 3.36 km → southwest slope high forest | |
| Notch height | 142.3 m ↓ near Silberger Weg on the city limits of Hilchenbach | |
| Coordinates | 50 ° 59 '24 " N , 8 ° 0' 14" E | |
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| particularities | - Kindelsberg ring wall system - Kindelsberg tower ( AT ) - Kindelsberg transmission tower |
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The Kindelsberg near Kreuztal in the North Rhine-Westphalian district of Siegen-Wittgenstein is 618.5 m above sea level. NHN high mountain of the Rothaargebirge .
The mountain, which can be seen from afar, is a landmark of Kreuztal and is the second highest in the city after the Hohen Wald ( 656.4 m ). At its summit region with the ring wall Kindelsberg the observation tower are Kindelsberg Tower and the Tower Kindelsberg . The mountain has been a popular hiking and excursion destination since the 19th century.
geography
location
The Kindelsberg is a southwestern branch of the Rothaargebirge , which belongs to the Rhenish Slate Mountains . It rises in the northern part of the Siegerland as part of the Sauerland-Rothaargebirge nature park in the urban area of Kreuztal between its districts Littfeld (northwest), Krombach (west) and Eichen (west-southwest), the Kreuztaler core city (south), the district of Ferndorf (south-southeast) and the Hilchenbach districts of Dahlbruch (southeast) and Müsen (east); A few kilometers to the northeast is the Kirchhundemner district of Silberg . The border with Hilchenbach runs around 600 m northeast of its summit, on which a trigonometric point ( 617.9 m ) lies. The Ferndorfbach flows south of the mountain and the Littfe to the west .
Natural allocation
The Kindelsberg belongs in the natural spatial main unit group Süderbergland (No. 33), in the main unit Rothaargebirge (with Hochsauerland ) (333) and in the subunit Westrothaarhöhen (333.4) to the natural area Brachthäuser Hohe Waldberge (333.40, see section in the Rothaargebirgs article ). Its landscape falls to the east from the Hilchenbacher Winkel subunit (331.1). It also falls within the natural area south Northern Siegen Bergland from (331.01) and to the west in the natural environment Litt fields reason (331.00), which in the main unit Siegerland (331) for subunit North Siegerländer Bergland include (331.0).
Protected areas
To the north of the wooded Kindelsberg lies the nature reserve Grubengelände and Forests near Burgholdinghausen ( CDDA no. 163392; designated 1991; 1.38 km² ) with the fauna, flora and habitat area Grubengelände Littfeld (FFH no. 4914-303; 42 ha ) and to the southeast the Loher Valley NSG (CDDA no. 318746; 1986; 82 ha). The protected landscape area Rothaargebirge (SI) (CDDA no. 555550027; 299.42 km²) extends to its northeastern highlands .
Kindelsberg ring wall
The Kindelsberg is a good breeding ground for all kinds of legends, which is particularly due to the ring wall system from the distant past, whose original meaning was probably more guessed than known. This is probably one of the reasons why many singing and gymnastics festivals took place on the mountain.
According to legend , there was once a knight's castle , the Kindelsburg , on the Kindelsberg . There are still remains of a rampart. Old quarry stone walls and earthen walls became a knight's castle, some even believed they could see Roman ramparts. In 2017, the Regional Association of Westphalia-Lippe (LWL) determined on the basis of drill samples that the rampart even dates from the Iron Age .
According to a few locals, it is also possible that the name is derived from Berg des Christuskindleins and was later shortened to Kindelsberg because of the long spelling.
In 1998, an elaboration by Philipp R. Hömberg published by the Landschaftsverband Westfalen-Lippe was published on the basis of unpublished documents by the soil researcher Heinz Behagels from 1933. According to this, about two meters in front of today's wall crown there were remains of a dry stone wall up to three meters wide the former wall front. There was a leveled strip ("berm") between the wall and the moat. Inside the castle, remains of charcoal and red-burnt clay were found, probably the remains of a burnt wooden structure.
Mining
Mining used to be carried out on and around the Kindelsberg. That is why the local area of Müsen , including the Martinshardt ( 616.1 m ) neighboring to the east , which was one of the most important in the Siegerland , is criss-crossed by numerous tunnels . The best known is the Kronprinz-Friedrich-Wilhelm-Erbstollen , which begins in the immediate city center of Kreuztal and extends far below the mountain. On the northeastern neighboring Ziegenberg ( Hölzenberg ; 521.1 m ) are the remains of the Altenberg mining desert .
Kindelsberg Tower
Tower history
At the end of the 18th century, the first observation towers were built in Germany , the shape of which initially reminded of medieval waiting areas. Later there were also simple wooden and iron constructions. A strong "addiction to sight" and the desire for untamed nature triggered a "lookout tower boom" at the time. Imposing monuments were created that were supposed to remind of great days of German history, such as the "Kaiser Wilhelm" and "Bismarck" towers. The first observation towers and pulpits were also built in the Siegerland . The Gilbergturm near Siegen- Eiserfeld was built in 1888 , followed by the Gillerturm near Hilchenbach- Lützel in 1892 and the Rabenhainturm near Siegen- Volnsberg in 1896 .
Tower creation and description
The construction of a lookout tower on the Kindelsberg was discussed for the first time in a meeting of members of the Krombach department of the Sauerland Mountain Association (SGV) on March 30, 1896. In 1904, a building committee was formed from association members. In 1905 he dropped an older plan for a wooden or iron scaffolding tower and opted for quarry stone construction. The foundation stone for the Kindelsberg tower was laid on Ascension Day in 1906. Planning and construction management were the responsibility of the Siegen city building officer Scheppig, the construction was carried out by the Krombacher building contractor Eduard Burbach.
All building materials had to be carted up the mountain in ox and horse-drawn vehicles, and the rubble stones had to be broken out of a rocky ridge nearby. The costs were mainly raised through donations. On May 26th, 1907 the inauguration of the 22 m high tower took place with great participation of the population.
The Kindelsberg tower was crowned by an iron "lantern" and surrounded at the foot by a covered walkway with a small lounge. To better look after the hikers, a log house made of spruce trunks with a broken stone base was built in place of a small refuge in 1953. Since this too soon no longer met the demands of the many visitors, it was considerably expanded in 1968 to become a large mountain inn, "whose architecture is based on the log cabin style of the Alpine countries". With the second construction phase, the new building was completed in 1971. In 1990 a kitchen extension was built and in 1996 a terrace extension. The building is no longer just a hiking home, but a respectable guest house for hikers and tourists - the Kindelsberg service area .
However, the tower can no longer be seen in its original form. In the 1980s, for example, the open viewing platform at a height of 20 m was replaced by a barred, covered walkway. In addition, antennas were installed on the tower and on the roof, with which it now reaches a height of 28 m. The appearance at that time can only be guessed at on older emblems of the Krombacher brewery , as the tower is part of the company emblem. On the occasion of the celebration of the 75th anniversary, which took place on May 20, 1982 with thousands of hiking friends, the brewery put a memorial plaque on the tower.
On May 17, 2007, the 100th anniversary of the tower , which is now under monument protection , was celebrated.
Possibility of viewing
From the Kindelsberg tower you can look down on the villages surrounding the mountain with the Kreuztal town center. In addition, the view falls into the Siegerland with the Westerwald (south) and Rothaargebirge (north-east) and over to the Ebbegebirge (north-west). When the weather is good, you can see the Siebengebirge (west- south- west) near Bonn, almost 65 km to the south- west .
Transmitting systems of the Kindelsberg tower
Until the completion of the Kindelsberg transmission tower, which is also on the Kindelsberg, all transmission and reception systems were on the observation tower:
- Analog TV broadcasting systems: in the VHF band ARD and in the UHF band ZDF, WDR television and again ARD
- Cellular converter from T-Mobile
- Amateur radio relay
- Ball reception antennas for the Nordhelle transmitter and the Ebbegebirge telecommunications tower ( Lüdenscheid transmitter )
From the Kindelsberg tower there is visual contact with the Nordhelle transmitter (DVB-T, DAB, VHF) and the Ederkopf transmitter (VHF, DAB). In addition, the Ebbegebirge telecommunications tower (analogue to ZDF and WDR television until 2007 ) and the Siegen-Süd telecommunications tower (formerly DAB) in the south can be seen. The Siegen-Giersberg transmitter is located behind Bergen when viewed from the Kindelsberg tower, so it has no line of sight and therefore a fiber optic cable connection.
The observation tower was largely freed from antennas, except for the supply of T-Mobile and the radio relay.
Kindelsberg transmission tower
overview
Almost 60 m northeast of the Kindelsberg summit is the Kindelsberg transmission tower of the West German Broadcasting Corporation (WDR), built in the 1990s , which for a long time served as an important converter for analog television. From there the VHF radio program WDR 5 was broadcast to the south, the frequency of which (97.6 MHz) was previously relocated from the Siegen-Giersberg transmitter in the south-southeast to this tower; other radio programs are broadcast from there. On the WDR frequency cards, WDR 5 is assigned to the Giersberg transmitter with the note that it is broadcast from Kindelsberg.
Until the cessation of operations on November 12, 2007, the broadcast tower broadcast the analog TV program Das Erste (ARD), which was broadcast in the VHF III band and in the UHF band (as a feed for further TV converters)
There is a fiber optic connection to the Siegen-Giersberg transmitter (UKW, DVB-T, DAB), a directional radio link to the Nordhelle transmitter and various radio links to other mobile radio transmission systems ( O₂ , E-Plus , Vodafone ).
Analog radio
Only analog radio (VHF) is currently broadcast from the Kindelsberg transmission tower:
|
Frequency [MHz] |
program | RDS PS | RDS PI | Regionalization |
ERP [kW] |
Antenna pattern round (ND) / directional (D) |
Polarization horizontal (H) / vertical (V) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 97.6 | WDR 5 | WDR_5___ | D395 | - | 1 | D (150 ° -190 °) | H |
Transport links, hiking and sports
A narrow private road from Littfeld leads to the high elevations of the Kindelsberg near the summit , which joins Grubenstrasse in this Kreuztal district . About 320 m northeast of the summit is the Kindelsberg hikers' car park , from which a steep path leads to the Kindelsberg tower with the Kindelsberg rest area. The mountain is accessible through forest and hiking trails. Since 2007, when the tower was 100 years old, there has been the 14.6 km long Kindelsberg path with 24 information stations where you can explore the area.
On September 8, 2007, the Kindelsberglauf, which is part of the Rothaar run series, was organized by TV Eichen for the 25th time . The route leads from oaks up to the mountain.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Topographical Information Management, Cologne District Government, Department GEObasis NRW ( Notes )
- ↑ Martin Bürgener: Geographical Land Survey: The natural spatial units on sheet 110 Arnsberg. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1969. → Online map (PDF; 6.1 MB)
- ↑ Heinz Fischer: Geographical Land Survey: The natural spatial units on sheet 124 Siegen. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1972. → Online map (PDF; 4.1 MB)
- ↑ Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
- ↑ Discovery on Kindelsberg - Witnesses from the Celtic Age , July 20, 2017, accessed on July 20, 2017, on siegener-zeitung.de
- ↑ Kindelsberg - Shrouded in sagas and legends. h-bensberg.de, accessed on September 2, 2014 .
- ↑ a b c d e f g History of the Kindelsberg Tower, on kindelsberg.de
- ↑ Photo of the memorial plaque next to the entrance in the tower, on commons.wikimedia.org
- ↑ Kindelsberg service area , on kindelsberg.de
- ↑ a b c Photo of the information board on the tower, on commons.wikimedia.org
- ↑ Der Kindelsberg ( memento of December 4, 2015 in the web archive archive.today ), accessed on September 2, 2014, at kindelsberg.de
- ↑ Kindelsberg path with GPS data. ich-geh-wandern.de, accessed on September 2, 2014 .
literature
- Philipp R. Hömberg: The Kindelsberg, city of Kreuztal, district of Siegen-Wittgenstein. Series / Series Early Castles in Westphalia 13 , Münster, 1998
- Torsten Capelle: Wall castles in Westphalia-Lippe. Published by the Antiquities Commission for Westphalia, Münster 2010, ISSN 0939-4745 , p. 23 No. FBW13 ( Early Castles in Westphalia special volume 1 )
