Kobiela (Grodków)

Kobiela Kühschmalz
	Kobiela Kühschmalz
Basic data
State :	Poland
Voivodeship :	Opole
Powiat :	Brzeg (Brieg)
Gmina :	Grodków (Grottkau)
Area :	0.447  km²
Geographic location :	50 ° 37 '  N , 17 ° 18'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 37 '4 "  N , 17 ° 17' 38"  E
Height :	200-240 m npm
Residents :	355 (March 31, 2011)
Postal code :	49-200
Telephone code :	(+48) 77
License plate :	IF
Economy and Transport
Next international airport :	Wroclaw

Kobiela ( German Kühschmalz ) is a village in the municipality of Grodków (Grottkau) in the Opole Voivodeship in Poland .

geography

Geographical location

The street village Kobiela is located in the west of the historical region of Upper Silesia in the border area to Lower Silesia . Kobiela is around eleven kilometers southwest from the municipal seat Grodków , about 39 kilometers southwest of the county seat Brzeg ( Brieg ) and about 45 kilometers west of the voivodship Opole.

Kobiela lies in the Nizina Śląska ( Silesian Plain ) within the Równina Grodkowska ( Grottkau Plain ). The place is on the Stara Struga , a left tributary of the Glatzer Neisse .

Neighboring places

Neighboring towns of Kobiela are Strzegów ( Striegendorf ) in the north, Wojnowiczki ( Klein Zindel ) in the northeast, Chróścina ( Falkenau ) in the east, Czarnola ( Petersheide ) in the south and Bogdanów ( Boitmannsdorf ) in the west .

history

Views of Kühschmalz, around 1936

The place was first mentioned in 1289 with Hertwig, Schulze from "Kusmalz". In 1302 it is recorded as "Cobola seu Cuschmalz" (German: place where you get bad luck ) and in 1303-04 it is included in the Registrum Wratislaviense as "Cobola sive Cuschmalz". In 1335 the St. George Church was mentioned. In 1343 "inferius Khwschmaltz" (Nieder-Kühschmalz) with two mills and "superius Khwschmaltz" (Ober-Kühschmalz) were bought by the city of Grottkau, with which in 1344 it came to the clerical principality of Neisse . In the 1370s, a knight Vinzenz was heir to Kühschmalz. In 1407 and 1415 Kühschmalz was provided with interest by the clergyman Nikolaus. In 1425 Nieder-Kühschmalz consisted of 6½ Hufen and a desert tavern, Ober-Kühschmalz had two Hufen. A scholtisei was not mentioned. 1579 each owned a village: Hans Dobenck, Karl Wiese and Pritzel Wiese. In 1635 a share of Kühschmalz was transferred to the Breslau Auxiliary Bishop Johann Balthasar Liesch von Hornau , who founded a Fideikommiss from the Kühschmalz and Zindel estates for the Prince von Buchau family, who was related to him . A share of Kühschmalz went to the Episcopal Chancellor Nikolaus Palmer.

After the First Silesian War in 1742, Kühschmalz and most of the Principality of Neisse fell to Prussia .

In 1810 the principality of Neisse was secularized . After the reorganization of the province of Silesia , the rural community Kühschmalz belonged from 1816 to the district of Grottkau in the administrative district of Opole . In 1845 there was a castle, an outbuilding, a wine shop, a Catholic school, a Catholic parish church, a brewery, a distillery and 120 other houses in the village. In the same year 747 people lived in Kühschmalz, seven of them Protestants. In 1855, 835 people lived in Ober- and Unterkühschmalz. In 1865 there were 31 gardeners and 45 cottages in the village . In 1874 the district of Kühschmalz was founded, which consisted of the rural communities Boitmannsdorf, Nieder Kühschmalz, Ober Kühschmalz and Rogau as well as the estate districts of the same name. In 1885 Ober- and Unterkühschmalz had 796 inhabitants.

In 1932, Klein Zindel was incorporated into the rural community of Kühschmalz. In 1933 there were 738 people in Kühschmalz and 791 in 1939. Until the end of the war in 1945, the place belonged to the district of Grottkau .

As a result of the Second World War, Kühschmalz fell under Polish administration in 1945, like most of Silesia . Subsequently, the place was renamed Kobiela and joined the Silesian Voivodeship. In 1950 it was incorporated into the Opole Voivodeship. In 1999 the place came to the newly founded Powiat Brzeski ( Brieg district ).

Attractions

• The Roman Catholic St. George's Church was first mentioned in 1335 and rebuilt in 1662 on the site of the previous wooden structure in the Baroque style by Auxiliary Bishop Liesch von Hornau and elevated to the status of a parish church. It has a rich Rococo stucco decoration and furnishings from the last quarter of the 18th century. The main altar of the same style contains a painting of Our Lady with Child , probably from the middle of the 17th century. The pulpit with reliefs on the parapet contains a figure of the Good Shepherd on the canopy . Opposite is a monument to the Bohemian national saint John of Nepomuk , whose life is also depicted on the relief scenes of the confessionals. A patronage box is located above the sacristy . The organ front from 1763 is richly decorated. Two of the three bells were melted down during World War II. The church building has been a listed building since 1966.
• The church is surrounded by a wall with small gates and outer niches from the 18th century.
• The historic manor, which is still preserved today, is located in the middle of a large park that was laid out in the 19th century. The green area has been a listed building since 1981.

societies

• Football club LZS Kobiela

literature

• Bernhard W. Scholz: The spiritual principality Neisse . 2011 Böhlau Verlag Köln Weimar Vienna, ISBN 978-3-412-20628-4 , pp. 55, 197f., 200, 238.45, 265.160, 273 and 366.
• G. Wilczek: Greetings from the Grottkauer Lande . Federal Association of Grottkau eV - home group district and city of Grottkau / Upper Silesia. 1996, p. 152.
• Dehio Handbook of Art Monuments in Poland. Silesia. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich et al. 2005, ISBN 3-422-03109-X , p. 460f.

Web links

Commons : Kobiela (Grodków)  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ CIS 2011: Ludność w miejscowościach statystycznych według ekonomicznych grup wieku (Polish), March 31, 2011, accessed on January 27, 2019
2. ^ Johann Georg Knie: Alphabetical-statistical-topographical overview of the villages, spots, cities and other places of the royal family. Preuss. Province of Silesia. Breslau 1845, p. 330.
3. ↑ Cf. Felix Triest: Topographisches Handbuch von Oberschlesien. Breslau 1865, p. 1201.
4. ↑ ^{a b} territorial office district Kühschmalz
5. ↑ AGoFF circle Grottkau
6. ^ Administrative history - Grottkau district ( Memento from September 3, 2017 in the Internet Archive )
7. ↑ ^{a b} List of Monuments of the Opole Voivodeship p. 10 (Polish)