LATAM Airlines Brasil

LATAM Airlines Brasil
IATA code :	YY
ICAO code :	TAM
Call sign :	TAM
Founding:	1961 as TAM
Seat:	São Paulo , Brazil
Turnstile :	Sao Paulo-Guarulhos Rio de Janeiro-Galeão Brasília
Home airport :	Sao Paulo-Guarulhos
Company form:	Sociedade Anônima
IATA prefix code :	957
Management:	Jerome Cadier (President) Claudia Sender ( CEO )
Number of employees:	24,282
Passenger volume:	30.407 million
Frequent Flyer Program :	LATAM pass
Fleet size:	162 (+ 49 orders)
Aims:	National and international
Website:	www.latam.com

TAM Linhas Aéreas is a Brazilian airline that operates as LATAM Airlines Brasil . She was up in May 2020 a member of the airline alliance Oneworld Alliance and is a subsidiary of LATAM Airlines Group , which in 2012 from the merger with Chilean airline LAN Airlines emerged.

history

TAM headquarters in São Paulo

The airline was founded in 1961 under the name Transportes Aéreo Marília . At that time, she transported people and goods to and from São Paulo and Mato Grosso on regional routes with her single-engine Cessnas . The history of the airline is closely linked to the life of Rolim Adolfo Amaro, who started working as a pilot for TAM in 1963. He took over the management of TAM at an early stage, which he held - with a few interruptions - until his death in 1999. In 1971 the company only had 3000 passengers.

In 1976, Transportes Aéreo Marília changed its name to TAM Transportes Aéreos Regionais and Rolim became the majority shareholder with 67%. In the 1980s, the company experienced a strong increase in passenger numbers, among other things through the establishment of routes to airports close to the city and its special focus on passenger satisfaction. It received several awards, including the 1995 “World's Best Regional Airline” from “Air Transport World” magazine. In 1996 TAM acquired 80% of the shares in LAPSA and founded TAM Mercosur , whose current name is TAM Airlines , for flights to neighboring countries . In the same year the group was renamed Transportes Aéreos Meridionais .

A merger between TAM and its financially troubled competitor Varig was temporarily under discussion. The process turned out to be difficult, however, and the code sharing agreed in a first step between the two airlines was ended again in June 2005.

TAM has been flying Fokker F-27 aircraft since 1982 . The first jet-powered aircraft , a Fokker 100 , entered service in 1986. This type formed the backbone of the fleet in the 1980s and 1990s. TAM had up to 54 copies in use, making it one of the largest operators of this type of aircraft. Not least because of several accidents with aircraft of this type, but mainly to expand capacities on national and international routes, it was decided in 2002 to switch to aircraft from Airbus . With the A319 , A320 and A321 , TAM now serves national and regional routes throughout South America. The Airbus A330s are mainly used on long-haul routes. At times, the Airbus A340 and McDonnell Douglas MD-11 were also in use. Due to the great demand after the bankruptcy of VARIG and with a view to the Football World Cup in 2014 , increasingly larger Boeing 777-300ERs are being used on long-haul routes , including to Frankfurt .

In 1993 TAM launched its frequent flyer program Fidelidade , the first in Brazil.

On May 13, 2010, TAM became the 27th member of the Star Alliance . On August 13, 2010 it was announced that TAM would merge with competitor LAN Airlines . At the end of October 2011 it was agreed that the merger would take place under the common roof of the LATAM Airlines Group and the new structure of the company was presented at the same time. The merger will create one of the largest aviation companies in the world with over 280 aircraft, more than 115 destinations and over 50,000 employees. In mid-December 2011, the Brazilian authorities approved the merger after Chile had previously given the go-ahead. The merger was finally completed in June 2012. After the merger with LAN, TAM decided in March 2013 to join the Oneworld Alliance , of which LAN Airlines has been a member since 2000, on March 31, 2014 and to leave the Star Alliance.

Since 2016, the airline has been operating under the uniform brand name of the parent company as Latam.

Destinations

LATAM Airlines Brasil flies to numerous domestic destinations and also serves destinations in neighboring South American countries as well as in North America , Asia and Europe . In German-speaking countries is Frankfurt approached.

fleet

Airbus A320-200 of TAM

Airbus A350-900 of TAM

As of March 2020, the LATAM Airlines Brasil fleet consists of 162 aircraft with an average age of 9.2 years:

Aircraft type	number	ordered	Remarks	Seats ( First / Business / Eco + / Eco )
Airbus A319-100	22nd			144 (- / - / - / 144)
Airbus A320-200	70		17 equipped with sharklets ; one inactive	156 (- / 12 / - / 144) 174 (- / - / - / 174)
Airbus A320neo	6th	15th		174 (- / - / - / 174)
Airbus A321-200	31	17th	22 equipped with sharklets	220 (- / - / - / 220)
Airbus A350-900	10	3	two operated for Qatar Airways	348 (- / 30 / - / 318)
Airbus A350-1000		14th		- open -
Boeing 767-300ER	13		equipped with winglets	221 (- / 30 / - / 191) 205 (- / 30 / - / 175)
Boeing 777-300ER	10			362 (4/56 / - / 302) 363 (4/45 / - / 314)
total	162	49

Incidents

• On February 12, 1990 there was an accident with a Fokker F-27 of the TAM Linhas Aéreas (PT-LCG) , in which three people died. A flight captain in training initiated the descent to Bauru Airport too late. The instructor flying on the flight requested that the approach be continued despite the excessively high altitude and the excessively high airspeed. When the flight captain was unsure, the instructor took over the controls. The plane touched down on the runway too late. During the subsequent go-around, the machine accelerated too abruptly, which led to a misfire, the Fokker fell back to the ground and collided with a car. Two occupants of the car and the flight captain were killed, while 40 occupants of the plane survived the accident (see also the flight accident of the TAM Linhas Aéreas in Bauru 1990 ) .
• On October 31, 1996, shortly after take-off from São Paulo, the thrust reverser activated automatically in a Fokker 100 of the Brazilian airline TAM Transportes Aéreos Regionais . An automatic safety system, which then properly throttled the power in the problematic engine, was forcibly bypassed by the co-pilot. The machine crashed into a residential building, all 95 people on board and 4 people on the ground were killed. Thereupon OceanAir (today's Avianca Brazil ) changed the name of their Fokker 100 to Fokker MK-28 in order to avoid the bad reputation of the Fokker 100 after this accident (see also TAM-Linhas-Aéreas-Flight 402 ) .
• On July 9, 1997, a bomb exploded under the seat of a passenger on TAM Linhas Aéreas flight 283. The detonation tore a two by two meter hole in the airframe of the Fokker 100 , through which the passenger was sucked out. The machine could nevertheless be landed safely, the remaining 59 people on board survived the incident.
• On 15 September 2001 exploded on the flight from Recife Airport to Viracopos airport , the engine of a Fokker 100 . Flying debris destroyed three windows of the airframe. One passenger was partially sucked out of the aircraft, but was held by another person until landing. The detainee did not survive the incident (see also TAM Linhas Aéreas flight 9755 ) .
• On July 17, 2007, after landing at São Paulo-Congonhas Airport in São Paulo , an Airbus A320-200 shot over the end of the runway in the rain and rolled down a busy street into a four-storey building in which the offices of TAM Express baggage handling is located where the machine went up in flames. 199 people were killed in the accident, 187 of them on board the plane (162 passengers, 6 crew members, 19 TAM ground workers) and 12 others on the ground. In the months before the accident, aircraft from the companies Varig , Gol , BRA and Pantanal had already slid over the runway at the same airport. A runway closure, which is considered unsafe, was lifted again due to economic considerations (see also TAM Linhas Aéreas flight 3054 ) .

Trivia

• TAM operates the largest aviation museum in Latin America in São Carlos . This museum was reopened in June 2010 after an extensive redesign and has 96 different aircraft on display in its permanent exhibition.
• For the 35th anniversary flight from São Paulo to Milan, the on-board magazine was printed individually for each passenger using Facebook Connect .

See also

• List of airlines

Web links

Commons : LATAM Airlines Brasil  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• LATAM Brasil website

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d} staralliance.com - TAM Linhas Aéreas , accessed on February 18, 2011
2. ↑ Annual Report 2016 ( English ) LATAM Airlines. Retrieved October 20, 2017.
3. ↑ South America's airlines TAM and LAN complete merger. In: Tages-Anzeiger . June 22, 2012, accessed December 20, 2014 . 
4. ↑ ^{a b} LATAM Airlines Group Annual Report 2015
5. ↑ pabloaerobrasil.net - TAM (Transportes Aéreos Marília) (Portuguese), accessed April 14, 2014
6. ↑ staralliance.com -
7. ↑ Brendan Sobie: LAN and TAM to merge. Retrieved 13 August 2010, 21 January 2019 (UK English). 
8. ↑ lan.com - LAN and TAM announce the first decisions in the corporate structure of the LATAM Group, October 28, 2011
9. ↑ TAM and LAN complete merger to form LATAM Airlines. June 22, 2012, accessed January 21, 2019 . 
10. ↑ loyaltylobby.com - TAM Joins Oneworld Alliance On March 31, 2014 (Star Alliance Exit On March 30th ), accessed October 1, 2013
11. ↑ oneworld.com - LATAM Airlines Group selects oneworld, March 7, 2013
12. ^ LATAM Airlines Brasil Fleet Details and History. Retrieved March 14, 2020 . 
13. ↑ Orders and deliveries. Retrieved April 24, 2019 . 
14. ↑ Boeing - Orders and deliveries , accessed December 16, 2015
15. ↑ tam.com.br - Fleet , accessed December 16, 2015
16. ↑ Aircraft accident data and report for the Fokker 100 PT-MRK in the Aviation Safety Network , accessed on December 30, 2018.
17. ↑ https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19970709-1
18. ↑ Aircraft accident data and report ASN Aircraft accident Fokker 100 PT-MRN Belo Horizonte, MG in the Aviation Safety Network (English), accessed on January 21, 2019.
19. ↑ Accident report A320 PR-MBK , Aviation Safety Network (English), accessed on April 16, 2020.
20. ↑ aerotelegraph.com - Personalized on-board magazine for passengers accessed on July 14, 2015