Landsberg (noble family)

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Family coat of arms of those von Landsberg

Landsberg is an old Bergisch and Westphalian noble family , which, like the family of the Lords of Buer , descends from the Lords of Werden , ministerials of the Werden monastery . The lines of the barons and counts of Landsberg-Velen still exist today.

history

Contrary to the earlier opinion that the first representative of the family was Everhard ( Euerhardus, nobilis, advocatus et dapifer ), Vogt and Truchseß of the Werden Abbey , mentioned in a document in 1115 , the family of the Lords of Landsberg actually comes from the Lords of Werden Lords of Bornheim from Bornheim (Rhineland) , whose coat of arms they carry with a different helmet ornament. The progenitor of the family was thus the knight Wilhelm Schilling I of Bornheim (documented 1173–1198), who came from a dynastic family, ministerial of the Archbishop of Cologne, Vogt von Bornheim and founder of the famous Schillingscapellen monastery .

The first of the family, who called himself von Landsberg , was Wilhelm Schilling's great-grandson Philipp von Werden ( Philippus de Werdina ). This was used in 1291 by Adolf V. von Berg as Burgmann ( castellanus ) at Landsberg Castle on the Ruhr near Kettwig . But already in 1288 he called himself Philippo de Landsberg , at that time still as Ministeriale of Werden monastery. Philip's sons Wessel and Reinhardt founded the two lines Landsberg zu Erwitte around 1300, based on Haus Erwitte near Lippstadt (later Landsberg-Velen) and Landsberg zu Landsberg.

The older line from Landsberg to Landsberg kept the Lower Rhine ancestral seat Landsberg and Bergisch Olpe until 1705, when it died out in the male line with Vitus Arnold von Landsberg. Through his heir, Anna Wilhelmina, Landsberg Castle came to the Barons von Bevern in 1713 , who sold it in 1825. In 1837, Alexander Freiherr von Landsberg-Velen zu Steinfurt, a descendant of the Erwitter line, which was split off around 1300, bought back the headquarters until it was sold again in 1903. A German-Baltic side branch of the Landsberg line reached Courland in the late Middle Ages and, having become Protestant, resided there until the 19th century.

The younger Landsberg-Erwitte line remained Catholic even after the Reformation . During the 17th century, members of this line were able to acquire Wocklum Castle in the Sauerland . In 1681 a family fideikommiss was founded. Important representatives were Daniel Dietrich von Landsberg zu Erwitte as a general in the service of Kurköln and Landdrost of the Duchy of Westphalia . The majority of his male descendants entered the clergy as canons . The heir Franz Anton Freiherr von Landsberg was a high-ranking military man in the service of the bishopric of Münster . Among other things, he was the governor of the city and fortress of Münster . He left biographical notes on the siege of Kaiserswerth in 1689. His brother was Franz Kaspar Ferdinand von Landsberg zu Erwitte who was initially canon in Münster. With his marriage, legitimized by papal dispensation , he saved the family from extinction.

When Clemens August von Landsberg zu Erwitte (1733–1785) married the heiress Anna Therese Herrin von Velen in 1756, the family acquired the possessions of the extinct counts of Velen, including Velen Castle and Altenkamp House . Since 1792, the gender officially bears the suffix Velen. 1822–1825 came the estate of Gemen and Raesfeld Castle into the possession of the family when Baron Ignaz von Landsberg-Velen (1788–1863) bought the Westphalian property of the Barons of Bömelsberg-Boineburg. He was now called Ignaz von Landsberg-Velen and Gemen and was raised to the Prussian count status in 1840 , which is inherited in Primogenitur to the eldest son. He became a state marshal , a real secret council , a member of the Prussian manor house and was an important businessman and politician in the province of Westphalia . In 1832 he acquired Dankern Castle , while he sold Altenkamp after 1850. His son, Count Friedrich von Landsberg-Velen and Gemen (1815–1898), was also a civil servant and politician. His son, Count Max von Landsberg-Velen (1847–1902), was an agricultural politician.

In 1739 Schloss Drensteinfurt (also known as Haus Steinfurt ) came to Erwitte through the heir daughter Anna Maria Theresia von der Recke to her husband Franz Kaspar Ferdinand von Landsberg . In the 19th century Engelbert von Landsberg-Velen and Steinfurt , like his son Ignatz von Landsberg-Velen and Steinfurt , were politicians and chairmen of the Westphalian Riding Club .

Maximilian von Landsberg-Velen (1889–1957) was the founder and chairman of the Association of Westphalian Aristocratic Archives . Manfred Freiherr von Landsberg-Velen (1923-2010) expanded Dankern Castle into a leisure facility and was President of the Association of German Leisure Entrepreneurs. Dieter Graf von Landsberg-Velen (1925–2012) was a high-ranking sports official and president of the Malteser Relief Service Germany.

The count's branch are still Velen , Gemen and Castle Wocklum .

The younger, baronial branch still owns Drensteinfurt Castle and Dankern Castle and, since 2015, Arff Castle near Cologne.

The headquarters of Schloss Landsberg was sold in 1903 to the entrepreneur August Thyssen , whose family foundation still owns it today. The line headquarters, Erwitte Castle , was sold in 1934, Raesfeld Castle in 1942 , the Landsberger Hof in Arnsberg in 1921. The Landegge house in Haren (Ems) belonged to Dankern for only a short time from 1903 to 1928.

coat of arms

The family coat of arms shows in gold a red bar latticed in silver with St. Andrew's crosses . On the helmet with its red and gold covers, a red fox raised up between two palm branches bent outwards, the right one gold, the left one red.

The coat of arms from 1792 is quartered. Fields 1 and 4 show the family coat of arms, 2 and 3 in gold three red birds side by side (Velen). The right helmet with red and gold covers has a crown on the right with a silver latticed red hoop like the trunk helmet. On the left helmet a small golden shield covered with the birds between open, right golden, left red flight (Velen).

  • Landsberg coat of arms in the Armorial Gelre , ca.1380

  • Variant of the coat of arms of the Landsberg in the coat of arms of the Westphalian nobility

  • Coat of arms of the barons and counts of Landsberg-Velen since 1792

Personalities

literature

  • Dietmar Ahlemann: The originally dynastic family association Bornheim-Werden-Landsberg-Buer , in: Our Buer - Contributions to History, Volume 31, year 2012/213, Gelsenkirchen-Buer 2013, pp. 5–30.
  • Friedrich Philippi : The beginnings of the count and baronial von Landsberg family. In: Landsberg, quarterly journal for the Landsberg Family Association, 4./7. Vol., Velen-Westfalen 1926–1929, pp. 1–37.
  • Alfred von Landsberg-Velen: A new attempt to clarify the first beginnings of the Werden-Landsberg family. In: Landsberg Yearbook for the Landsberg Family Association, 8. – 12. Born 1930–1934, Münster 1934, pp. 5–21.
  • Oskar Stavenhagen : Landsberg. In: Genealogisches Handbuch der Kurländischen Ritterschaft, Part 3, 2: Kurland, Lfg. 9-12, Vol. 2, Görlitz 1937, pp. 648-666. ( online )
  • Otto Hupp : Munich Calendar 1926. Munich / Regensburg Publishing House 1926.
  • Genealogical manual of the nobility , Adelslexikon Volume VII, Volume 97 of the complete series, CA Starke Verlag , Limburg (Lahn) 1989, ISSN  0435-2408
  • Genealogical manual of the nobility , Count XVII, Volume 130 of the complete series, Starke Verlag , Limburg an der Lahn 2003.
  • Manfred von Landsberg-Velen : The history of the Landsberg and Velen houses (in two volumes), Dankern 2007.
  • (Editor):  Landsberg, von (Bergische and Westphalian family). In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 13, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1982, ISBN 3-428-00194-X , p. 509 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Ernst Haiger: Denomination and burial place: Noble graves [including the Landsberg family] in the St. Laurentius Church in Mintard in the 17th and 18th centuries. In: The parish church in Mintard = magazine of the Mülheim ad Ruhr history association 92 (2017), ISSN 0343-9453, pp. 69–111.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Landsberg-Velen (1934); Trad. Werdin. 122, 124, 128
  2. ↑ The coat of arms of Bornheim (Rhineland) essentially shows the coat of arms of the Bornheim-Werden-Landsberg-Buer family association. Only a jury's sword was added. See Bornheim (Rhineland) .
  3. ↑ Ahlemann (2013), p. 22 ff.
  4. ↑ Horst-Rüdiger Jarck: Document book of the Augustinerchorfrauenstift Marienberg near Helmstedt . In: Sources and research on Braunschweigische Landesgeschichte, Volume 32, or sources and research on the history of Lower Saxony in the Middle Ages, Volume 24, Hanover 1998, Certificate 126, p. 110 f.