Lazarus miner

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Lazarus Wolf Bergmann , also Eliezer ( Hebrew אֱלִיעֶזֶר בֶרְגְמַן Elīʿese miner ; born on August 1, 1799 in Heidenheim am Hahnenkamm ; died on April 8, 1852 in Berlin ; calledאִישׁ יְרוּשָׁלַיִם Īš Jerūšalajim , "Man of Jerusalem") was a scholar, rabbi and entrepreneur in Jerusalem . He was a sponsor of the old Yishuv and founded the Kolel Holland weDeutschland , for which he, as Meschullach, raised donations, especially in Germany and the Netherlands.

Life

The early years

Bergmann was born in Heidenheim am Hahnenkamm in what was then Brandenburg-Ansbach (today Middle Franconia, Bavaria) as the son of Bonella Mariam Bergmann and the local rabbi Joseph Benjamin Bergmann, who in turn was the son of Rabbi Eliëser Bergmann. As a child, his parents sent him to the nearby yeschivah of the Gunzenhausen district rabbi Abraham Boehm (Boheim). When Bergmann was ten years old, his father died.

Lazarus Bergmann studied for five years in Fürth at the Jeschivah Rabbi Wolf Hamburgers , who had taken him in like a son for that time. In 1816 he switched to the Jeschivah in Würzburg , which Frank's rabbi Abraham Bing headed in the spirit of the Fürth school, which was closed in 1826. “A large number of students flocked to Würzburg [...] to hear his learned words. Among the most important were the later Altona chief rabbi Jakob Ettlinger , the later London chief rabbi Nathan [Marcus] Adler , the Hamburg Chacham Is. [Aak] Bernays , R. [abbi] Elieser Bergmann and [...] Seligmann Bär Bamberger . " Bergmann and Ettlinger, author of the Aruch laNer (ערוך לנר), formed a chavrusa (חברותא, d. i. a learning community).

With Bing, "with whom he was very friends," Rabbi Mendel Rosenbaum managed to win one of the former first students of the Würzburg Jeschivah as a private teacher for his children. “Even if the costs were disproportionate to his fortune at the time, he didn't pay any attention to it [...] In order to keep Lazarus Bergmann, who was already excellent at the time, as a teacher for his children, he indicated to him that he would seek it to 'employ' him later as a daughter . "

In the course of the Hep-Hep riots in 1819, the students and other Jews from Würzburg fled to the surrounding area, including to Rabbi Rosenbaum in Theilheim near Werneck . Some of the Würzburg residents, led by Rosenbaum, founded a new community in the former Unterzell monastery near Würzburg in 1822 , which Bergmann joined. The later so-called Zell am Main emerged from the growing settlement . In August 1823 Bergmann married Ricke Rosenbaum, a daughter of Mendel Rosenbaum, in Zell. From 1825 he ran his father-in-law's nail smithy in Zell, and from 1834 it was continued by his brother-in-law master nail smith Moses Rosenbaum, Mendel's eldest son. Two more of his brothers-in-law, whom he had taught as private tutor, also became rabbis, Elias Raphael Rosenbaum (in Zell a. M .; 1810–1886) and Jonah Rosenbaum (1822–1894), head of the Talmud school in Zell.

Bergmann's Aliyah and work for the old yishuv

Around 1828 Bergmann began to advertise immigration to the Holy Land in Jewish communities in the German Confederation . He ended up planning his own alijah . He also published an appeal to settle in the Land of Israel (ארץ ישראל Erez Yisrael ), in which he also emphasized the importance of the Aliyah. His aim was to gather German emigrants into parishes in the Holy Land , and he called Gabba'im to raise funds.

In 1834 Bergmann and his family (his wife Ricke, their now five children, the eldest a son of eight years, the youngest a daughter of six months, and his widowed mother) to Erez Israel. First they traveled by horse-drawn carriage to Trieste , Austria , where they embarked on a 46-day sea voyage from which they disembarked in Ottoman Beirut . From Beirut, the Bergmanns first went to Sidon in 1835 , which they understood to be part of the Holy Land, and stayed. Bergmann saw potential in Sidon to found a Jewish community for European immigrants.

But four months later the family moved on. After Bergmann, accompanied by a friend, found accommodation in Safed , Tiberias and Jerusalem, he chose the latter and had his family follow suit. The wife and children traveled to Jaffa by boat and then to the Holy City by donkey. As promised, Bergmann wrote to his father-in-law about each stage of the journey. Rosenbaum collected the letters, which were rediscovered in the attic in May 1925 and published as a book. Seven months passed from departure to settlement in Jerusalem. As a trader in Jerusalem, Bergmann took over the clothing and way of life of the oriental Jews . Years later, Bergmann wrote wistfully in a letter to Bavarian relatives that he had stated his plan to found a community in Sidon. If he had already had the Kaphthor waPherach (כפתור ופרח), in which its author Eschtori haParchi explains the importance of Sidon as part of the divine promise and history, had he stayed there.

Jews from the Maghreb who moved to the Holy Land were expected to join the Sephardic community, which was founded and shaped by Romaniots , Spaniards from the Balkans, and Turks . Although donations were also received from the Maghreb, few of them reached those in need in these countries. The Sephardic Kolel, dominated by well-networked, long-established Sephardim, favored scholars and other respected families at the Chaluqah, while the uneducated and newly arrived poor were only given irregular and minor consideration.

In view of the grievances, poor Maghrebian Jews found a hearing at Bergmann's. With the support of Moses Montefiore , Bergmann succeeded in reorganizing the Ashkenazi yishuv in Jerusalem, which also benefited Maghrebian Jews. He offered them accommodation in their own house and in buildings of the Ho "D a room to set up their own synagogue, where a yeshivah named Ner haMaʿarav (נר המערב Lamp of the West ) was created. After six months, both had to be closed again after protests by the Sephardic Kolel, who feared for his skills and resources. In the late 1840s, Bergmann developed a new network for the transfer of Maghreb donations with the merchants Abraham Larido in Gibraltar and Me'ir Rosenthal in Beirut as intermediaries, whereby incoming Maghreb money bypasses the central Sephardic collection committee (ועד פקידי קושטא Waʿad Pqīdej Qūštā ) in Istanbul reached Jerusalem directly.

Founding of Kolel Holland in Germany

The earthquake on January 1, 1837 hit Safed hard and many survivors moved to Jerusalem. This influx of people into the Holy City was accompanied by a housing shortage and spreading diseases. To remedy this, Bergmann, Jehoseph Schwarz and Moses Sachs (1800–1870) founded the Kolel Holland weDeutschland (כולל הולנד ודויטשלנד; Acronym : Ho "D, occasionally also transcribed as Hau" D). Kōlelīm (Sg. Kōlel) are charities, which are sent by messengers, so-called Meschullachīm ( Hebrew מְשֻׁלָּח [ים]), soliciting donations from the diaspora .

Gate to the residential complex of the Ho "D

Then Kolelim take over the division (חלוקה Chalūqah ) of donations for the operation of various supply institutions, such as hospitals and poor houses (בָּתִּי מַחֲסֶה Batthej Machasseh ) and for direct donations to the needy, especially Talmidej Chachamim (תלמידי חכמים, these are Talmudic scholars). What was new about the Ho "D was that Ashkenazim developed the system that had long been established under Sephardim for themselves. What was also new was the collection of collections in one area of ​​origin, here the Netherlands and Germany, as well as the allocation to recipients with roots in or origin from the same area The Ho "D had a complex of poor houses (Batthej Machasseh; also Battei Maẖase) built in the Jewish Quarter in Jerusalem , which was completed in 1857, but continued to be expanded until 1890.

In addition to his work as a textile merchant and businessman, Bergmann was a scribe as well as Posseq (Posse und ) and wrote hundreds of writings, v. a. Pisqim , novellas on Thorah that are still unprinted in the hands of his descendants. He corresponded in matters of Halachah with many greats of his time, such as Avraham Shmuel Binjamin Sofer , Rabbi Yisroel ben Shmuel Aschkenasi von Schklou (approx. 1770–1839; founder of the Kolel-Pruschim of the Misnagdim ), for the miner highest appreciation in his halachic workבהר יראה expresses (although he never hesitated to contradict Ashkenazi on individual halachic questions), or with Jehoseph Schwarz, his colleague in the leadership of Kolel Ho "D. Bergmann was a member of the Grand Council founded by Rabbi Moshe Magid, leader of the Ashkenazim in Jerusalem would have.

European trips as a Meschullach

Bergmann acted as a driving force several times as Meschullach for the Ho "D. After Rosch ha-Schanah 1837 Bergmann traveled to Frankfurt am Main , among other places, to win Amschel Mayer von Rothschild as a donor. His nephew, Freiherr Willy von Rothschild , described in his Memories of how he experienced Bergmann's visit: When the news spread that Bergmann was approaching the Free City from Mainz, the Frankfurt Parnassim and dignitaries went out with horse and cart to greet him about half an hour outside the city and inside Then Bergmann was welcomed into the wealthiest Jewish home in town with all honors.

In the summer of 1844 Bergmann traveled to Europe to collect donations and at the end of the year to London to visit his friend and former yeshivah fellow student Nathan Marcus Adler, who had moved there the same year after he had been elected Chief Rabbi of the British Empire on December 1, 1844 . In London, Bergmann received the sad news that his wife had died in childbirth in Jerusalem on December 11, 1844. He made his way back to the land of Israel.

After ten years in Jerusalem, Bergmann returned to Germany in 1845 to raise funds and to report on the situation in the Holy Land. Before he finally returned to the Levant in December 1845 , Bergmann stopped off with relatives in Bavaria. From there he was accompanied by the widow Elischeva Sarah Chaiah Daiches, b. Aulmann, with a child who would take care of himself and two of his orphaned children who were still living in Jerusalem and who would become his second wife.

In September 1849, Bergmann traveled to Europe again, accompanied by his 17-year-old son Benjamin. Ho "D and Kolel of the Sephardim had sent Bergmann as Meschullach for both to meet with the members of the committee of Irgūn haPĕqīdīm wehaAmarkalīm šel ʿArej haQōdeš at Amsterdam ( Hebrew ארגון הפקידים והאמרכלים של ערי הקודש Organization of the administrators and overseers of the holy cities ; Acronym : Pĕqu "A and PĕquA" M) through an increase in their donations and the transfer of an existing fund they manage called Erez-Yisrael-Kassen (קופת ארץ ישראל) to negotiate on the Kolel Ho "D in favor of its alms recipients." Although the rulers ("Pĕkidim and Amarkalim") in Amsterdam only give them part of the money flowing in from Holland and Germany (Kolel "Ho" D "), the rest of the money assigned to other Ashkĕnazi Kolĕlim, “Bergmann regarded the result as a success and set off on his way home. He also had the necessary commitments to set up a new fund called Zdaqath Rabbī Me'īr Baʿal haNes (צדקת רבי מאיר בעל הנס) to collect, and in many Jewish households in Bavaria and Prussia was collected for it. Benjamin Bergmann succumbed to typhus on November 4, 1849 on his way back in Cairo . He left a wife and daughter.

Bergmann undertook another trip in 1850. His first father-in-law Rosenbaum used himself successfully with the Bavarian state government for the approval of money collections in favor of Bergmanns Kolel. In 1851 he traveled from southern Germany to Hamburg and Altona and finally to Berlin, where he died of typhus a month earlier. He was buried in the Schönhauser Allee cemetery in Berlin .

family

Bergmann was married twice. His first wife Ricke (Rivke Cilla; June 19, 1806 in Theilheim, December 11, 1844 in Jerusalem) and Lazarus Bergmann had eight children. The older five were born in Zell and made Aliyah with their parents in 1834.

  • Joseph (born 1826; died in Trieste )
  • Isaac (Jizchaq; 1828–1838)
  • Leah (1830-1836)
  • Benjamin (1832–1849), married Miriam Chaim, c. Franco
  • Sarah (born 1834)

Over the next ten years, Ricke and Eliezer had three more children in Jerusalem:

  • Jehudah (September 12, 1838– June 12, 1886) married Rachel Jocheved (d. 1921), daughter of Rabbi Nachum Loewy von Szadek
  • Bonella Miriam
  • a nameless boy (born 1844) who, according to Ricke Bergmann, died in childbed the days after the birth, on December 29, 1844.

With Elisabeth Sarah (Elisheva Sarah Chaiah, née Aulmann, related Daiches; 1822–1886), his second wife, Bergmann had two sons:

  • Schmuel Eljaqim Bergmann (born 1848)
  • Judah Bergmann

Bergmann's descendants are still present in the Holy Land today. Some descendants in the male line also have names other than Bergmann, but they all descend from Bergmann's son Jehudah, born in 1838, and his wife Rachel Jocheved. A great-great-grandson Hebrew the name to Min-HaHar (מן-ההר from the mountain ), another aramaised him to Barṭūra (ברטורא Son of the mountain ).

legacy

Bergmanns Mazevah in the Berlin cemetery Schönhauser Allee bears the inscription:פה נטמן איש ירושלים 'Here the Ish Jerushalayim [man of Jerusalem] is safe' . In 1972 his remains were transferred to the Jewish cemetery on the Mount of Olives in Jerusalem. His Mazevah there is adorned with the same inscription text as on the one in Berlin.

In Samuel Agnon's first story Agunot (עגונות Abandoned Women ), which appeared in Jaffa in 1908, was Bergmann's role model for one of the characters. In the first version, rabbis Nissim and Achiʿeser play a role in connection with the subject of Kolel Holland weGermany (Ho "D). According to Agnon expert Hillel Weiss , professor emeritus at Bar Ilan University , Eliʿeser Bergmann inspired the figure of Rabbi Achiʿeser, while Meschullach Rabbi Eliahu Nissim (אליהו נסים) is reflected in Rabbi Nissim.

In the Baithwe-Gan district of Jerusalem (בית וגן House and garden ) a street was named after Bergmann (רחוב אליעזר ברגמן Rechōv Elīʿeser Bergmann , Arabic شارع اليعيزر برچمن, DMG Šāriʿ Alīʿīzir Birgman ).

Works

The Rabbi Avraham Elieser Bartura (אברהם אליעזר ברטורא; 1908–1985), Me'ir Zvi Bergmann (מאיר צבי ברגמן; born 1930) and Schlomoh Salman Min-HaHar (née Bergmann,שלמה זלמן מן-ההר; 1911–2000), all three great-grandchildren of Jehudah Bergmann:

literature

  • Jaʿaqov Barnai: (יעקב ברנאי), "עזרתו של ר 'אליעזר ברגמן למערבים בירושלים". In: Chaim Se'ev (Joachim Wilhelm) Hirschberg (חיים זאב (יואכים וילהלם) הירשברג; 1903–1976) with collabor. by Jehoschuʿa Kaniel (יהושע קניאל; 1939–1998) (Ed.)ותיקין, מחקרים בתולדות היישוב: לזכרו של ר 'יוסף יצחק ריבלין - עשור לפטירתו (תשכ"ג-תשל"ג), Ramat Gan: Bar Ilan University /מכון ריבלין לחקר תולדות הישוב (Mechōn Rīvlīn le-cheqer tōledōth ha-jiššūv; Rivlin Institute for Research into the History of the Yishuv), 5735 (1974/1975), pp. 117–125 and 132–135.
  • Avraham Bartura: The homecoming of the Jerusalemite Rabbi Elieser Bergmann. In: News bulletin of the Israelitische Religionsgemeinde Stuttgart. April 16, 1975.
  • Avraham Bartura: בלב קשוב: תולדות אליעזר ברגמן איש ירושלים תקנ״ט־תרי״ב (1799–1852). Y. Y. Bar-Chai, Jerusalem 1983.
  • Miner, Lazarus Wolf. In: Michael Brocke and Julius Carlebach (eds.), Carsten Wilke (arr.): Biographisches Handbuch der Rabbis. Part 1: The rabbis of the emancipation period in the German, Bohemian and Greater Poland countries 1781–1871. K. G. Saur, Munich 2004, ISBN 3-598-24871-7 , p. 180 f.
  • Judith Bleich: Jacob Ettlinger, his Life and Works. The Emergence of Modern Orthodoxy in Germany. Phil. Diss. New York 1974, p. 14.
  • The Orient: Reports, Studies, and Reviews for Jewish History and Literature. Edited by Julius Fürst . Leipzig 1840, p. 49 ( scan ).
  • The Faithful Guardian of Zion. Organ to safeguard the interests of Orthodox Judaism. Edited by Samuel Enoch. Altona 1850, p. 427 f. (July 29, Krämer), p. 455 (August 12, Feuchtwang), p. 514 (September 9, Krämer); 1851, p. 512 f. (October 20, Meklenburg), p. 560 (November 17, correction).
  • Avraham Elmalich (אברהם אלמליח; 1876–1967):הראשונים לציון, תולדותיהם ופעולתם. Jerusalem 5736 (1975/1976), pp. 265-274.
  • Roland Flade: The Würzburg Jews. Your story from the Middle Ages to the present. 2nd Edition. Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg 1996, ISBN 3-8260-1257-7 , p. 116 ff.
  • Ursula Gehring-Münzel: From Protected Jew to Citizen. The social integration of the Würzburg Jews 1803-1871 (= publications of the Würzburg City Archives. Vol. 6). Schöningh, Würzburg 1992, ISBN 3-87717-768-9 , p. 346; zugl .: Würzburg, Univ., Diss., 1987.
  • Jaʿaqov Glis (יעקב גליס, 1922-1996; Journalist at HaModiah ):מדמויות ירושלים. ספרית ירושלים, Jerusalem 5722 (1961/1962).
  • Esriel Selig Hausdorf: Palestine. In: The Faithful Guardian of Zion. Organ to safeguard the interests of Orthodox Judaism. July 16, 1852, Volume 8, No. 15, p. 60 (obituary [beginning]; scan ).
  • Esriel Selig Hausdorf: Palestine. In: The Faithful Guardian of Zion. Organ to safeguard the interests of Orthodox Judaism. August 13, 1852, Volume 8, No. 17, p. 67 f. (Obituary [end]; scan ).
  • Kingdom of Bavaria (obituary for Bergmann). In: The Faithful Guardian of Zion. Organ to safeguard the interests of Orthodox Judaism. May 7, 1852, year 8, No. 10, p. 39 ( scan ).
  • Puʿah Steiner (פועה שטיינר): ההר הטוב הזה: חייו ופועלו של הרב שלמה ז. מן-ההר. Jerusalem:רשת צביה, 5768 (2007/2008).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l See Zell am Main (Würzburg district). Jewish history / synagogue. Section «Reports from the history of the Jewish community and the Rosenbaum family». In: alemannia-judaica.de. Alemannia Judaica . Working group for research into the history of the Jews in southern Germany and the neighboring region, accessed on December 12, 2016.
  2. ↑ Herz Bamberger: History of the rabbis of the city and the district of Würzburg. Ed. And comp. by Simon Bamberger . Goldschmidt, Wandsbek 1905, p. 65 ( online ; omissions and additions in square brackets not in the original).
  3. ↑ a b c N. N .: "Rabbi Mendel Rosenbaum:לזכר עולם יהי 'צדיק! ”In: The Israelite . November 4, 1868, Volume IX, No. 45, pp. 829-832, here: p. 830 ( sammlungen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de ).
  4. ↑ a b c Cf. Lazarus Wolf Bergmann. In: wuerzburgwiki.de. Wiki for Würzburg, accessed on December 13, 2016.
  5. ↑ See Annette Taigel: The Rosenbaum family in Zell am Main. ( Memento from January 2, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Section: The nail forge. In: zellerlaubhuette.de. Circle of Friends of the Zeller Laubhütte, December 2014, accessed on December 21, 2016.
  6. ↑ NN: "Rabbi Mendel Rosenbaum:לזכר עולם יהי 'צדיק! "In: The Israelite. November 4, 1868, Volume IX, No. 45, pp. 829-832, here: p. 832 ( sammlungen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de ).
  7. ↑ The call to the Aliyah of the Jews of Germany to Erez Yisrael (קול קורא למען עליית יהודי גרמניה לארץ ישראל (תקצ"ד)) is available on Wikisource .
  8. ↑ Individual rulers of a Kolel in the Holy Land are called Gabbai , while the rulers abroad are called Nassi . Cf. Abraham Jakob Brawer: Chalukka. In: Jüdisches Lexikon: An encyclopaedic handbook of Jewish knowledge . 4 volumes. Jewish publishing house, Berlin 1927–1930. Volume I: A-C (1927), columns 1312-1315, here: col. 1315 ( scan ).
  9. ↑ a b c d e cf. "הרב אליעזר ברגמן". In: min-hahar.co.il, accessed December 19, 2016.
  10. ↑ a b c The Rabbi Bergmann. In: The Faithful Guardian of Zion. No. 24 (December 9, 1845), p. 200 ( scan ).
  11. ↑ It was published inישאו הרים שלום.
  12. ↑ Both when conquering the land and when returning from exile in Babylon , the Israelites took Sidon.
  13. ↑ Abraham Jakob Brawer: Chalukka. In: Jewish Lexicon. An encyclopedic manual of Jewish knowledge. 4 vol., Jüdischer Verlag, Berlin 1927–1930, vol. I: A – C (1927), columns 1312–1315, here: column 1313 ( scan ).
  14. ↑ See Michal Ben Yaʿaqov (מיכל בן יעקב), "התיישבותם של היהודים המערביים בירושלים". (Settlement of Western Jews in Jerusalem), מינהל חברה ונוער - מאגר מידע ארצי (Society and Youth Authority - State Database), p. 6, accessed December 20, 2016.
  15. ↑ It is said to Aramaic andשָׁלִיחַ [שְׁלִיחֵי] דְרַבָּנָן (Shalīach [or Schlīchej] deRabbonan ; envoy [envoy] of the rabbis) or according to another readingשָׁלִיחַ [שליחי] דְרַחמנה (Shalīach [or Schlīchej] deRachmanah ; Messenger [Messenger] of Mercy), as an acronym for both Sch a d a " R שַׁדָּ"ר.
  16. ↑ Occasionally the term Chaluqa (also written Chalu [ḳ] ḳa [h]) is also used synonymously for Kolel.
  17. ↑ Puʿah Sṭeiner (שטיינר פועה), Forever my Jerusalem: A personal account of the siege and surrender of Jerusalem's Old City in 1948 [Mi-Thoch ha-Haphejchah מתוך ההפיכה; Engl.], Bracha Slae (transl.). Feldheim, Jerusalem / New York 1987, ISBN 978-0-87306-394-4 , p. 19.
  18. ↑ See Chaim Steiner (חיים שטיינר), "הגבול הצפוני של ארץ ישראל". In: "ישיבה: בשביל זה יש אינטרנט", accessed on December 20, 2016.
  19. ↑ a b Abraham Jakob Brawer: Chalukka. In: Jüdisches Lexikon: An encyclopaedic handbook of Jewish knowledge. 4 vol., Berlin: Jüdischer Verlag, 1927–1930, vol. I: A – C (1927), columns 1312–1315, here: column 1314 ( scan ).
  20. ↑ Nechama Ariel (נחמה אריאל), "טללי אורות "ח ', תשנ"ח-תשנ"ט" , (1997-1999). In:דעת לימודי יהדות ורוח, accessed January 2, 2017.
  21. ↑ Willy von Rothschild later donated the Bejth Rothschild himself as part of the poor and pilgrim apartments administered by the Ho "D on Mount Zion in Jerusalem (בתי מחסה והכנסת אורחים על מכון הר ציון בירושלים) in the Jewish Quarter of Jerusalem .
  22. ↑ When in 1809 two Meschullachim, Jakob Rapoport and Rafael Matalon, collected money in the Netherlands for the needy in the Holy Land, v. a. for Jews in Hebron , Jerusalem, Safed and Tiberias (so-called holy cities), main places of the old yishuv, the Amsterdam Izak Goedeinde, Abraham Prins and Hirschel Lehren took the initiative and established the organization 'Pekidiem we-Amarcaliem sjel aree ha-kodesj' (Administrators and overseers of the holy cities). At first they accompanied Meschullachim on their collection campaigns, but soon they took charge of the fundraising themselves . Local committees sprang up all over Germany, Great Britain, the Netherlands and Switzerland and the red and white collection cans of the Pequ "A with images of the graves of the grandmothers and fathers became an integral part of the donation system in many communities and private households. Cf. 1809: Pekidiem en Amarcaliem . In: . joodsecanon.nl Joodse Canon: Overview of retrieved on December 19, 2016.
  23. ↑ The others at the time were the Hasidim-Kolel, the Kolel Peruschim, both Jerusalem, and the Kolel Chaba "d, Hebron. Abraham Jakob Brawer: Chalukka. In: Jüdisches Lexikon: An encyclopaedic handbook of Jewish knowledge. 4 vol., Jüdischer Verlag, Berlin 1927–1930, Vol. I: A – C (1927), columns 1312–1315, here column 1314 ( scan ).
  24. ↑ From Middle Franconia. In: Allgemeine Zeitung des Judentums . July 29, 1850, No. 31, vol. XIV, pp. 426-429, here: p. 428 ( scan ).
  25. ↑ רחוב הרב אליעזר ברגמן. In: jerusalem.muni.il, Jerusalem Municipality, accessed December 19, 2016.
personal data
SURNAME Miner, Lazarus
ALTERNATIVE NAMES אליעזר ברגמן (Hebrew); איש ירושלים (Hebrew)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Scholar, rabbi and entrepreneur in Jerusalem
DATE OF BIRTH August 1, 1799
PLACE OF BIRTH Heidenheim am Hahnenkamm
DATE OF DEATH April 8, 1852
Place of death Berlin