List of United States military operations

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United States military operations after World War II:
  • United States of America
  • Support measures
  • Air strikes
  • Military intervention

    • The list of military operations of the United States is one of military operations of the United States on.

    list

    1775 to 1800

    Beginning The End region Military operation
    April 19, 1775 September 3, 1783 North America American War of Independence
    1776 1890 North America Indian Wars
    1798 1800 Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, Indian Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea The quasi-war was an unexplained naval war between the United States and France on different seas.

    1801 to 1900

    Beginning The End region Military operation
    1801 1805 Tunisia American-Tripolitan War
    June 18, 1812 February 18, 1815 British-American War
    1815 1815 Second barbarian war
    1838 1839 Aroostook war
    1848 North America Annexation of Texas , which belonged to Mexico until 1836 and was an independent state thereafter. The result is a war between Mexico and the United States that lasted until 1848, ending with the conquest of California , New Mexico , Arizona , Nevada , Utah and parts of Kansas , Colorado and Wyoming . Mexico loses about half of its previous national territory.
    Japan Commodore Matthew Perry uses the threat of military force to force the opening of the Japanese ports.
    July 9, 1854 July 15, 1854 Nicaragua Destruction of San Juan del Norte (Greytown, see Bombing Greytown ) after the US ambassador was injured by an angry crowd and no compensation was given.
    1857 1858 Utah war
    April 12, 1861 June 23, 1865 North America Civil War
    Cuba Participation in the Cuban liberation struggle against the Spanish colonization. The United States unleash the Spanish-American War and, after the Spanish defeat, place Cuba under its military administration.
    June 12, 1898 4th July 1902 Philippines With the help of the United States at war with Spain, the Philippines break away from Spain and declare themselves independent. In the Philippine-American War they are subjugated by the United States, contrary to original promises, which in turn is now establishing a colonialist regime.
    August 12, 1898 Kingdom of Hawaii Annexation of the until then independent Pacific Kingdom of Hawaii .
    December 10, 1898 Puerto Rico After the American-Spanish War, the island is annexed by the United States due to the defeat of Spain.
    1900 China In the Boxer Rebellion , a detachment of US Marines is involved in the defense of the embassy district in Beijing. Some regiments of the US Army were also deployed as part of the Eight States' International Expeditionary Corps to relieve the embassy district.

    1901 to 1928

    Beginning The End region Military operation
    March 23, 1903 March 31, 1903 Honduras US troops land at Puerto Cortez to protect the US consulate and shipyard during revolutionary unrest.
    November 3, 1903 Panama In order to secure control rights over the canal construction begun by the French, the United States supports the separation of Panama from Colombia . The Panama Canal , completed in 1914 and officially commissioned in 1920 , becomes American territory.
    1905 Dominican Republic In 1905, when four European countries dispatched warships because of the impending insolvency of the Dominican Republic , the USA took over the customs authorities and reduced the foreign debt within two years from 40 to 17 million dollars.
    1906 1909 Cuba Military intervention in Cuba
    March 18, 1907 June 8, 1907 Honduras To protect American interests during a war between Honduras and Nicaragua, US troops are stationed in Trujillo, Ceiba, Puerto Cortez, San Pedro Sula, Laguna and Choloma.
    1909 1925 Nicaragua US military intervention in Nicaragua 1909–1925 - American forces intervene in domestic political disputes in the country.
    1911 1925 Honduras Various interventions secure the monopoly of the American-owned banana industry. The country becomes completely economically and politically dependent on the United States.
    1912 1925 Nicaragua Nicaragua is placed under American financial and military control.
    1914 1915 Mexico Interfering in domestic political power struggles (protection of the government of Venustiano Carranzas ).
    1915 1934 Haiti Occupation of the Caribbean Republic. Manage the country like a protectorate . After the withdrawal of American troops, American financial sovereignty remains in place (until 1947).
    February 18, 1916 Nicaragua The United States enforces the right to establish military bases.
    March 1916 / February 1917: Mexico American punitive expedition to Mexico
    1916 1924 Dominican Republic Occupation of the Dominican Republic. After the handover of government responsibility to Juan Bautista Vicini Burgos in 1922, he withdrew in 1924 (President Horacio Vásquez ), with the agreement of permanent US customs sovereignty, which was continued until 1940.
    1917 1919 Participation of the American Expeditionary Forces in the First World War on the side of the Entente against the Central Powers .
    1917 1919 Cuba Military intervention in Cuba
    1918 1920 Russia During the Russian Civil War joint intervention with the British and French alongside the White Army in the Arkhangelsk area ( Polar Bear Expedition ) and jointly with the Japanese in the Vladivostok area ( American Expeditionary Force Siberia )
    September 8, 1919 September 12, 1919 Honduras Military intervention prevents a revolution.
    1924 Honduras February 28 to March 31 and September 10 to 15, 1924: Honduras - US forces intervene to protect American citizens and interests during the pre-election riots.
    September 1924 Republic of China US marines land in Shanghai to protect Americans and other foreigners during riots.
    January 15, 1925 August 29, 1925 Republic of China Fights between Chinese groups lead to the landing of US troops in Shanghai.
    April 19, 1925 April 21, 1925 Honduras US troops land at La Ceiba during political unrest.
    1926 1933 Nicaragua US military intervention in Nicaragua 1926–1933 , occupation of Nicaragua. Augusto César Sandino opposes her in a guerrilla war .

    Briand-Kellogg Pact (1928)

    In 1928, on a Franco-American initiative, the war of aggression , which served to incorporate foreign territory, was for the first time ever outlawed under international law by the Briand-Kellogg Pact .

    1928 to 2000

    Beginning The End region Military operation
    1941 1945 worldwide World War II - The United States is critically involved in various theaters of war in Europe, Africa and Asia. Opponents are National Socialist Germany , Fascist Italy and the Imperial Japanese Empire .
    June 26, 1949 September 30, 1949 West Berlin

    In West Berlin , the United States and its allies set up an airlift to supply the city during the Berlin blockade by the Soviet Union .

    1950 1953 Korea

    The United States joins United Nations troops and rushes to aid South Korea , which is in dire straits after a surprise attack by the communist north . Not all military actions by the resolution of the UN Security Council met.

    Egypt On the occasion of the Suez Crisis, the United States sends several warships and aircraft carriers into the Eastern Mediterranean, forcing the United Kingdom and France to end their military intervention in the Suez Canal .
    July 1958 until October 1958 Lebanon The United States is intervening in disputes in Lebanon at the request of Christian President Camille Chamoun .
    April 17, 1961 Cuba A guerrilla group of Cubans in exile , trained and equipped by the United States, fails in the Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba. The operation is being prepared by the American bombing of Cuban air defenses.
    October / November 1962
    		 Cuba A total blockade is imposed on the island during the so-called Cuban Missile Crisis.
    May 1964 March 1970 Laos Lao Civil War - Airplanes and ground troops (around 10,000 men) launch attacks on Pathet Lao territories . However, after years of fighting, no military solution emerged and the American intervention forces left the country in March 1970.
    1964 1975 Vietnam The United States is heavily involved in the Vietnam War . Around 550,000 American soldiers were deployed at the height of the war.
    April 1965 September 1965 Dominican Republic Operation Power Pack - After the overthrow of left-wing President Juan Bosch and the installation of a military junta, a civil war breaks out . The multinational troops under the leadership of the USA intervene and initiate new elections, from which Joaquín Balaguer - who previously served the Trujillo dictatorship for 30 years (see Rafael Trujillo ) - emerges victorious.
    May 1965 Cambodia The United States is bombing border villages along the Vietnamese border. The country is thereby embroiled in the Vietnam War.
    1967 Bolivia With the help of the CIA, the Cuban revolutionary Ernesto Che Guevara is tracked down in Bolivia and shot on October 9, 1967.
    April 30, 1970 June 30, 1970 Cambodia Attack from April 30th to June 30th with the aim of securing the withdrawal of American forces from South Vietnam and supporting the Vietnamization program.
    September 1970 Jordan In the Jordanian civil war, the royal family asked for help and the USA sent aircraft carriers and warships to the eastern Mediterranean.
    Angola The United States supports the UNITA rebels in their fight against the Marxist-Leninist MPLA government.
    1977 1992 El Salvador The United States supports the governments it appoints or approves in the fight against the Marxist-Leninist opposition through arms deliveries and training.
    April 25, 1980 Iran The United States' military operation Operation Eagle Claw to free the American hostages in the occupied US embassy in Tehran fails.
    1981 Afghanistan From 1981: The United States provides financial, military and logistical aid to the mujahedin and other Afghan resistance fighters in their struggle against the Soviet occupation of the country.
    1982 Nicaragua

    From 1982: Contras , opponents of the Sandinista in Nicaragua operating from Honduras, receive military and logistical help from the USA.

    September 1983 Lebanon The United States participates in an international peacekeeping force in the Lebanese civil war . The intervention fails after several bloody suicide attacks and the multinational armed forces leave Lebanon (February / March 1984).
    October 25, 1983 Grenada The left-wing Prime Minister Maurice Bishop is overthrown and executed by coup plotters. The announcement of the new government to establish a military dictatorship prompts the Governor General to submit a request for military intervention , which the states of the Organization of East Caribbean States (OECS) also follow.
    April 14, 1986 Libya In retaliation for Libyan acts of terrorism, the United States bombs targets in Tripoli and Benghazi ( Operation El Dorado Canyon ).
    3rd July 1988 Iran The flight Iran Air 655 , a passenger aircraft of the type Airbus A300 of Iran Air , is the Strait of Hormuz by the guided missile cruiser USS Vincennes (CG-49) shot down, which as part of Operation Earnest Will Kuwaiti to protect oil tanker was deployed there .
    December 20, 1989 Panama Panama is occupied ( Operation Just Cause ). The arrested Panamanian ruler, General Manuel Noriega , is transferred to the United States, charged with drug trafficking and money laundering, and sentenced on July 10, 1992 to 40 years in prison.
    March 1990 Liberia From March 1990 was in response to the Liberian civil war , the Operation Sharp Edge instead. In August 1990, 1,648 foreigners and refugees were rescued from the capital Monrovia and other assembly points in the hinterland. Subsequently, the military presence ensured a temporary calming of the situation.
    1990 Colombia From 1990 onwards, during the drug war in Colombia , the United States supports paramilitary units to fight communist rebels ( FARC-EP ).
    August 8, 1990 Saudi Arabia After the Iraqi attack on Kuwait on August 2, 1990, the United States sent forces to Saudi Arabia in preparation for an attack on Iraq.
    January / February 1991 Kuwait US-led coalition forces, legitimized by a decision of the UN Security Council of the United Nations, marched into Kuwait and ending with Operation Desert Storm , the Iraqi occupation of the country.
    1992 Yugoslavia From 1992 February / March: Under the command of the United Nations, NATO carries out several military operations in favor of the Croats and Bosnians in Yugoslavia, besieged by Serbs in the capital Sarajevo, after the Srebrenica massacre .
    August 27, 1992 Iraq The United States is establishing a no-fly zone in Iraq for Iraqi aircraft north of latitude 36 ° N and south of 33 ° N. The air war is resumed until 2002, ostensibly to deter Saddam Hussein from air strikes on the Iraqi Kurds in the north and the Shiites in the south of the country and to prevent a renewed attack on Kuwait.
    December 9, 1992 Somalia At the request of the Secretary-General of the United Nations and a resolution by the Security Council, the United States is sending 28,000 soldiers to Somalia to end the civil war (withdrawal in 1994 after a bloody attempt to arrest General Mohammed Farah Aidid ).
    June 27, 1993 Iraq Warships go out against Iraq and fire 23 cruise missiles into Baghdad .
    August 1994 August 1994 Haiti Under pressure from the United Nations Security Council, American troops enforce the reinstallation of President Jean-Bertrand Aristide, who was overthrown in a military coup in 1991 .
    August 20, 1998 Sudan In retaliation for the terrorist attacks on the American embassies in Kenya and Tanzania , the United States carries out an air strike on an alleged poison gas factory that later turned out to be the Ash Shifa drug factory .
    March June 1999 Yugoslavia Kosovo War - NATO, under the command of the United States, carried out extensive bombing against targets in Yugoslavia to force the withdrawal of Serbian military and police forces from Kosovo . After the conclusion of a ceasefire, the province of Kosovo is secured by KFOR troops and an interim civil government is established under the administration of the United Nations .

    2001 until today

    Beginning The End region Military operation
    November 2001 Afghanistan Operation Enduring Freedom: In the wake of the terrorist attacks by Islamist fundamentalists (mostly Saudi Arabians) in New York and Washington on September 11, 2001, US soldiers supported the Afghan National Army in its fight against the Taliban .
    From 2001 onwards Somalia Operation Enduring Freedom: The US Navy secures sea trade routes around Somali waters .
    March 20, 2003 Iraq Operation Iraqi Freedom: Armed forces of a 48-nation coalition attacked Iraq in the Third Gulf War and overthrew Saddam Hussein's government . Iraq was temporarily administered as a protectorate, elections were held in the summer of 2005 and the business of government was officially handed over to the elected government. American troops left the country in 2011.
    March 2004 Haiti After the overthrow of President Jean-Bertrand Aristide, the United States sent 50, later 200 men to Haiti to prepare a multinational transition force of the United Nations Security Council .
    Somalia The US Navy fights Somali pirates in conjunction with other naval units from various participating nations.
    Spring 2011 Libya Military air strikes as well as naval missions with cruise missiles against Libya in order to enforce a no-fly zone and prevent military strikes by the ruler Muammar al-Gaddafi against the insurgents in the country supported by the USA.
    March 2014 Uganda US special forces arrived in Uganda in March to assist African Union forces in their search for the suspected war criminal Joseph Kony .
    2014 Liberia Operation United Assistance : To combat the Ebola epidemic in West Africa, US troops set up treatment facilities in Liberia from September with the participation of 539 soldiers. After the President had spoken of 3,000 soldiers, according to media reports up to 4,700 soldiers are said to be deployed in West Africa.
    2014 middle East The US has been conducting Operation Inherent Resolve since June 2014 to fight the terrorist militia Islamic State .
    April 7, 2017 Syria Air raid on the al-Shehaʿirat military airfield in Syria .
    April 14, 2018 Syria Air strike on Duma in Syria .

    See also

    literature

    • Benjamin R. Beede: The small wars of the United States, 1899-2009. An annotated bibliography , New York, NY / London (Routledge Taylor & Francis Group) 2014, ISBN 978-0-415-98888-9 , ISBN 978-1-138-86781-9 , ISBN 978-0-203-85434- 1 .
    • Ward Churchill : On the Justice of Roosting Chickens. Reflections on the Consequences of US Imperial Arrogance and Criminality . AK-Press, Edinburgh et al. 2003, ISBN 1-902593-79-0 .
    • Russell Crandall: America's Dirty Wars: Irregular Warfare from 1776 to the War on Terror. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2014, ISBN 978-0-5211-7662-0 .
    • Lesley Gill: The School of the Americas. Military Training and Political Violence in the Americas. Duke University Press, Durham NC et al. 2004, ISBN 0-8223-3392-9 .
    • Chalmers Johnson : The Suicide of American Democracy. Blessing, Munich 2003, ISBN 3-89667-226-6 .
    • Nicole Schley, Sabine Busse: The wars of the USA. Chronicle of an aggressive nation. Hugendubel, Kreuzlingen et al. 2003, ISBN 3-7205-2474-4 .

    Web links

    Individual evidence

    1. ↑ au.af.mil: Instances of Use of United States Armed Forces Abroad, 1798 - 2004
    2. ↑ http://edition.cnn.com/2001/WORLD/europe/08/22/macedonia.timeline/
    3. ↑ US sending special operations forces, CV-22 Ospreys to Uganda , NavyTimes, March 24, 2014
    4. ↑ USA sends 3,000 soldiers to West Africa , NZZ, September 16, 2014
    5. ↑ US Military Effort to Combat Ebola in Africa to Enter New Phase , The Wall Street Journal, October 16, 2014
    6. ^ Inherent Resolve