List of current secession efforts in Europe
This list enumerates European areas in which there are tendencies towards secession . It does not claim to be complete.
Explanation
- Area: Indicates the name of the area seeking secession.
- Country: Indicates the country to which the area currently belongs.
- Area: Indicates the size of the area striving for independence in square kilometers.
- Inhabitants: Indicates the number of inhabitants in the area.
- Parties for secession: Indicates parties that are campaigning for the secession of the area. We do not claim to be complete.
- Desired type of secession: Indicates whether the area wants to become independent or join another country.
- Notes: Further information such as B. Listed planned referenda.
List of areas
area | country | surface | Residents | Parties for secession | desired type of secession | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Åland | Finland | 1,553 | 27,734 | ÅF | independence | unarmed |
Basque Country |
Spain France |
20,947 | 3,000,000 |
Aralar EA EAJ / PNV |
independence | Expansion of the Basque Country controversial, terrorist ETA agrees to disarm and has disbanded. |
Bavaria | Germany | 70,552 | 13.003.252 | BP | independence | unarmed |
Brittany | France | 27.208 | 3,199,066 |
Adsav Emgann Parti Breton UDB |
independence | If possible, the aim is to have the Loire-Atlantique department separated in 1941 , unarmed |
Donetsk | Ukraine | 26,517 | 4,343,900 |
DR FD |
Independence (with Lugansk as New Russia ) or connection to Russia |
see: Conflict in Eastern Ukraine ; armed |
Faroe Islands | Denmark | 1,395 | 48,574 |
FF Framsókn MF Sjálvstýris |
independence | unarmed |
Flanders | Belgium | 13,522 | 6,350,765 |
N-VA VB |
independence | is aimed at Brussels , unarmed |
Galicia | Spain | 29,574 | 2,765,940 |
FPG NÓS-UP |
independence | unarmed |
Catalonia |
Spain ( France ) |
32.107 | 7,553,650 |
PDeCAT CUP ERC ICV - EUiA PSC SI UC |
independence | Referendum on November 9, 2014 and October 1, 2017 , will be aimed partly with Northern Catalonia (France), Balearic Islands , Valencia and parts of Aragon ( Franja de Aragón ), unarmed |
Corsica | France | 8,680 | 309,693 |
Corsica Libera PNC |
independence | especially from 1975–1991 assassinations |
Lugansk | Ukraine | 26,684 | 2,239,500 |
FLR LWU VU |
Independence (with Donetsk as New Russia ) or connection to Russia |
see: Conflict in Eastern Ukraine ; armed |
Northern Ireland | United Kingdom | 13,843 | 1,823,634 |
SDLP (peaceful) SF |
Return to Ireland |
Armed with hundreds of people killed (security forces, rebels, civilians), plus sectarian war . See also: Northern Ireland Conflict . |
Northern Kurdistan | Turkey | approx. 10-12.5 million | Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) and others | Independence or extensive autonomy | Armed conflict since August 15, 1984. See also: Kurds in Turkey and conflict between the Republic of Turkey and the PKK . | |
Padania (Northern Italy) | Italy | 161.076 | 33,933,909 |
Lega Nord Grande Nord |
Independence or extensive autonomy | unarmed |
Sardinia | Italy | 24,089 | 1,640,379 |
aMpI iRS PdS ProgReS Sardigna Libera SN |
independence | Some assassinations in the 80s, now unarmed |
Scotland | United Kingdom | 78,772 | 5,313,600 |
Greens SNP SSP |
independence | In 2014 referendum 55% against secession, unarmed |
Sicily | Italy | 25,710 | 5,591,216 | MIS | independence | unarmed |
Republika Srpska | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 24,857 | 1,326,991 |
SDS SNSD |
Connection to Serbia |
would contradict the Dayton Agreement - since the Bosnian War BC a. unarmed |
South-Tirol | Italy | 7,400 | 509,626 |
BU F STF |
Independence or return to Austria |
The aim is to have Ladin communities separated in 1923 if possible , armed in the 1960s, settled in 1992 |
Veneto | Italy | 18,391 | 4,881,756 |
IV LVR PVI Veneto Stato |
independence | is aimed partly with Friuli-Venezia Giulia and today's Lombard provinces of Brescia , Bergamo , Cremona and Mantua , unarmed |
Wales | United Kingdom | 20,761 | 3,074,067 |
Plaid (until 2000) Cymru Annibynnol |
independence | unarmed |
Wallonia | Belgium | 16,844 | 3,546,329 | RWF | Connection to France |
The connection to France is sought with Brussels , unarmed. See also: Flemish-Walloon conflict . |
De facto secessions
Most recognized
area | country | surface | Residents | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|
Kosovo | Serbia | 10,908 | 1,895,250 | recognized by 114 states |
Mostly not recognized
area | country | surface | Residents | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|
Abkhazia | Georgia 2 | 8,600 | 240.705 | Recognition by Russia , Nauru , Nicaragua , Syria , Venezuela and, in the meantime, by Vanuatu and Tuvalu |
Artsakh | Azerbaijan 2 | 11,458 | 134,800 | without recognition; Military and financial aid from Armenia |
Crimea | Ukraine | 26,944 | 2,409,956 | Recognized by Russia , Afghanistan , Cuba , Nicaragua , North Korea , Syria , Venezuela . See: Crimean crisis . |
Northern Cyprus | Cyprus 2 | 3,355 | 265.100 | Occupation of the north of the island in 1974 by Turkish forces. Recognition by Turkey . |
South Ossetia | Georgia 2 | 3,885 | 51,547 | Recognized by Russia , Nauru , Nicaragua , Syria and Venezuela |
Transnistria | Moldova | 3,567 | 555,347 | without recognition; Troop stationing and financial aid from Russia |
2 Member of theCouncilofEurope.
See also
Individual evidence
-
↑ M. Zubiaga et al. a .: Towards a Basque State. Nation-building and institutions. UEU, Bilbo 2012, ISBN 978-84-8438-421-2 .
T. Mateos et al. a .: Towards a Basque State. Citizenship and culture. UEU, Bilbo 2012, ISBN 978-84-8438-422-9 .
I. Antiguedad et al. a .: Towards a Basque State. Territory and socioeconomics UEU, Bilbo 2012, ISBN 978-84-8438-423-6 . - ↑ Eta announces dissolution. Spiegel online from May 2, 2018
- ^ Bavarian State Office for Statistics: Update of the population
- ↑ Bavaria's population exceeds the 13 million mark for the first time , press release September 13, 2018
- ↑ Bavarian Party: Brochure Statehood (pdf)
- ↑ Mid-Year Population 2012
- ↑ cia.gov: Turkey. , accessed August 4, 2013.
- ^ Federal Agency for Civic Education: The Kurdish Question in Turkey.
- ↑ Mid-2011 and Mid-2012 Population Estimates Scotland. Accessed on May 12, 2019 (British English, as of June 30, 2012): "The latest estimate of Scotland's population (on June 30, 2012) is 5,313,600 ..."
- ↑ suedtirolnews.it: BürgerUnion: "Freie Europaregion Tirol - more than just a train" ( Memento from September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ die- Freiheitlichen.com: Europe owes South Tyrol justice and that means: Free State of South Tyrol!
- ↑ suedtiroler-freiheit.com: Programmatic basics of South Tyrolean freedom
- ↑ Population of England and Wales on June 30, 2012 ( ZIP ; 832 kB)