International recognition of Kosovo

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The Kosovo is currently owned by 114 States as independent recognized diplomatically . Since Kosovo's declaration of independence on February 17, 2008, 114 of the total of 193 (59%) member states of the United Nations , 22 of the 27 (81%) member states of the European Union , 25 of the 29 (86%) NATO members and 35 of the 57 (61%) members of the Organization for Islamic Cooperation recognized the Republic of Kosovo as an independent state . However, not all of these states actually have diplomatic relations , only some have sent ambassadors and a number of states have later withdrawn their initial recognition.

In terms of international recognition of Kosovo, roughly three groups can be distinguished:

  • the recognizing states which, by means of a diplomatic note, consider the country to be independent,
  • the states that do not expressly recognize recognition under international law , whose governments explicitly refuse recognition for various reasons, and
  • those states that have not taken a position.

The following world map shows those countries that recognize the Republic of Kosovo. The Kosovar Foreign Ministry disagrees with the Serbian about the recognition of its country. Therefore, there are different opinions that are not shown in this map.

Map of the states that recognize Kosovo as an independent state
  • recognize the Republic of Kosovo
  • do not recognize or have taken no position
  • Kosovo
  • Recognitions and memberships

    UN member states

    Country date Diplomatic relations source
    1 CostaRicaFlag of Costa Rica.svgCosta Rica Feb 17, 2008 diplomatic relations since 23 Sep 2013
    2 United StatesFlag of the United States.svgUnited States Feb 18, 2008 mutual messages
    3 FranceFlag of France.svgFrance Feb 18, 2008 mutual messages
    4th AlbaniaFlag of Albania.svgAlbania Feb 18, 2008 Albanian-Kosovar relations
    mutual messages
    5 TurkeyFlag of Turkey.svgTurkey Feb 18, 2008 mutual messages
    6th United KingdomFlag of the United Kingdom.svgUnited Kingdom Feb 18, 2008 mutual messages
    7th AfghanistanFlag of Afghanistan.svgAfghanistan Feb 18, 2008 accredited ambassador of Afghanistan in Sofia
    8th AustraliaFlag of Australia.svgAustralia Feb 19, 2008 diplomatic relations since May 21, 2008;
    Accredited Ambassador of Australia in Vienna
    Embassy of Kosovo
    9 SenegalFlag of Senegal.svgSenegal Feb 19, 2008 diplomatic relations since Feb. 15, 2014
    10 GermanyFlag of Germany.svgGermany Feb 20, 2008 German-Kosovar relations
    mutual messages
    11 LatviaFlag of Latvia.svgLatvia Feb 20, 2008 diplomatic relations
    12 DenmarkFlag of Denmark.svgDenmark Feb 21, 2008 diplomatic relations
    13 EstoniaFlag of Estonia.svgEstonia Feb 21, 2008 Diplomatic relations since Apr. 24, 2008
    14th ItalyFlag of Italy.svgItaly Feb 21, 2008 mutual messages
    15th LuxembourgFlag of Luxembourg.svgLuxembourg Feb 21, 2008 Liaison office in Pristina
    16 PeruFlag of Peru.svgPeru Feb 22, 2008
    17th BelgiumFlag of Belgium.svgBelgium Feb. 24, 2008 Liaison office in Pristina
    Embassy of Kosovo
    18th PolandFlag of Poland.svgPoland Feb 26, 2008
    19th SwitzerlandFlag of Switzerland.svgSwitzerland Feb. 27, 2008 mutual messages
    20th oesterreFlag of Austria.svgAustria Feb. 27, 2008 mutual messages
    21st IrelandFlag of Ireland.svgIreland Feb 29, 2008 diplomatic relations
    22nd SwedenFlag of Sweden.svgSweden 04th Mar 2008 Liaison office in Pristina
    Embassy of Kosovo
    23 NetherlandsFlag of the Netherlands.svgNetherlands 04th Mar 2008 mutual messages
    24 IcelandFlag of Iceland.svgIceland 05th Mar 2008 diplomatic relations since May 16. 2012
    25th SloveniaFlag of Slovenia.svgSlovenia 05th Mar 2008 mutual messages
    26th FinlandFlag of Finland.svgFinland 07th Mar 2008 Embassy in Pristina
    27 JapanFlag of Japan.svgJapan 18 Mar 2008 Liaison office in Pristina
    Embassy of Kosovo
    28 CanadaFlag of Canada.svgCanada 18 Mar 2008 diplomatic relations
    29 MonacoFlag of Monaco.svgMonaco 19 Mar 2008 diplomatic relations
    30th HungaryFlag of Hungary.svgHungary 19 Mar 2008 mutual messages
    31 CroatiaFlag of Croatia.svgCroatia 19 Mar 2008 mutual messages
    32 BulgariaFlag of Bulgaria.svgBulgaria 20 Mar 2008 mutual messages
    33 LiechtensteinFlag of Liechtenstein.svgLiechtenstein 25th Mar 2008 diplomatic relations since June 28, 2012
    34 South KoreaFlag of South Korea.svgSouth Korea 28 Mar 2008
    35 NorwayFlag of Norway.svgNorway 28 Mar 2008 Embassy in Pristina
    36 Marshall IslandsFlag of the Marshall Islands.svgMarshall Islands Apr 17, 2008 interstate relations since Oct. 27, 2013
    37 NauruFlag of Nauru.svgNauru Apr 23, 2008 according to Serbia withdrawal on Nov. 13, 2019
    38 BurkinaFasoFlag of Burkina Faso.svgBurkina Faso Apr 24, 2008 diplomatic relations since Dec. 6, 2012
    39 LithuaniaFlag of Lithuania.svgLithuania 0May 6, 2008 diplomatic relations
    40 San MarinoFlag of San Marino.svgSan Marino May 11, 2008 diplomatic relations
    41 Czech RepublicFlag of the Czech Republic.svgCzech Republic May 21, 2008 mutual messages
    42 LiberiaFlag of Liberia.svgLiberia May 30, 2008 diplomatic relations
    43 SierraLeoneFlag of Sierra Leone.svgSierra Leone June 13, 2008 Diplomatic relations since November 24, 2015 according to Serbia withdrawing on March 3, 2020
    44 ColombiaFlag of Colombia.svgColombia 0Aug 4, 2008 diplomatic relations since March 3, 2019
    45 BelizeFlag of Belize.svgBelize 0Aug 7, 2008 diplomatic relations since April 30, 2016
    46 MaltaFlag of Malta.svgMalta Aug 21, 2008 diplomatic relations since Sep 22 2011
    47 SamoaFlag of Samoa.svgSamoa Sep 15 2008 interstate relations since March 10, 2017
    48 PortugalFlag of Portugal.svgPortugal 0Oct 7, 2008 Kosovar-Portuguese relations
    diplomatic relations
    49 MontenegroFlag of Montenegro.svgMontenegro 0Oct 9, 2008 diplomatic relations
    50 North MacedoniaFlag of North Macedonia.svgNorth Macedonia 0Oct 9, 2008 mutual messages
    51 United Arab EmiratesFlag of the United Arab Emirates.svgUnited Arab Emirates Oct 14, 2008 diplomatic relations
    52 MalaysiaFlag of Malaysia.svgMalaysia Oct 31, 2008 diplomatic relations since March 8, 2011;
    accredited ambassador of Malaysia in Rome
    53 MicronesiaFlag of the Federated States of Micronesia.svgMicronesia 0Dec 5, 2008 diplomatic relations since 19 Sep 2013
    54 PanamaFlag of Panama.svgPanama Jan. 16, 2009 political relations
    55 MaldivesFlag of Maldives.svgMaldives Feb. 19, 2009 diplomatic relations
    56 PalauFlag of Palau.svgPalau 06th Mar 2009 accredited ambassador of Kosovo in Tokyo
    57 GambiaFlag of The Gambia.svgGambia 0Apr 7, 2009 diplomatic relations
    58 Saudi ArabiaFlag of Saudi Arabia.svgSaudi Arabia Apr 20, 2009 mutual embassies since May 2010
    accredited ambassador of Saudi Arabia in Tirana
    59 ComorosFlag of the Comoros.svgComoros May 14, 2009 diplomatic relations
    60 BahrainFlag of Bahrain.svgBahrain May 19, 2009 diplomatic relations since March 12, 2014
    61 JordanFlag of Jordan.svgJordan 0July 7, 2009 accredited ambassador of Kosovo in Ankara
    62 Dominican RepublicFlag of the Dominican Republic.svgDominican Republic July 10, 2009
    63 New ZealandFlag of New Zealand.svgNew Zealand 0Nov 9, 2009 diplomatic relations
    64 MalawiFlag of Malawi.svgMalawi Dec 14, 2009 diplomatic relations since July 20, 2016
    65 MauritaniaFlag of Mauritania.svgMauritania Jan. 12, 2010 accredited ambassador of Mauritania in Rome
    66 SwazilandFlag of Eswatini.svgSwaziland Apr 12, 2010
    67 VanuatuFlag of Vanuatu.svgVanuatu Apr 28, 2010 diplomatic relations since Sep 22 2010
    68 DjiboutiFlag of Djibouti.svgDjibouti May 12, 2010 diplomatic relations since March 22, 2013
    69 SomaliaFlag of Somalia.svgSomalia May 19, 2010 diplomatic relations since June 6, 2015
    70 HondurasFlag of Honduras (2008 Olympics) .svgHonduras 03rd Sep 2010 diplomatic relations since Dec. 2, 2010
    71 KiribatiFlag of Kiribati.svgKiribati Oct 21, 2010
    72 TuvaluFlag of Tuvalu.svgTuvalu Nov 18, 2010
    73 QatarFlag of Qatar.svgQatar 0Jan. 7, 2011 diplomatic relations since Jan. 7, 2010
    74 GuineaBissauFlag of Guinea-Bissau.svgGuinea-Bissau (Note GNB) Jan. 14, 2011 accredited ambassador of Kosovo in Dakar
    75 OmanFlag of Oman.svgOman 0Feb 4, 2011 diplomatic relations
    76 AndorraFlag of Andorra.svgAndorra 0June 8, 2011 diplomatic relations
    77 Central African RepublicFlag of the Central African Republic.svgCentral African Republic July 22, 2011 according to Serbia withdrawal on July 27, 2019
    78 GuineaFlag of Guinea.svgGuinea 16 Aug 2011
    79 NigerFlag of Niger.svgNiger 16 Aug 2011 diplomatic relations since Jan 25, 2013
    80 BeninFlag of Benin.svgBenin Aug 18, 2011
    81 StLuciaFlag of Saint Lucia.svgSt. Lucia Aug 19, 2011
    82 GabonFlag of Gabon.svgGabon 0Sep 9 2011 diplomatic relations since March 5, 2014
    83 Ivory CoastFlag of Côte d'Ivoire.svgIvory Coast Sep 20 2011 diplomatic relations since Aug. 24, 2016
    84 KuwaitFlag of Kuwait.svgKuwait Oct 11, 2011 diplomatic relations since January 16, 2013;
    Accredited Ambassador of Kuwait in Tirana since March 21, 2017
    85 GhanaFlag of Ghana.svgGhana Jan. 23, 2012 diplomatic relations since Oct. 2, 2012;

    Accredited Ambassador of Ghana in Ankara since June 8, 2018

    86 HaitiFlag of Haiti.svgHaiti Feb 10, 2012
    87 SoTomundPrncipeFlag of Sao Tome and Principe.svgSao Tome and Principe 13 Mar 2012
    88 BruneiFlag of Brunei.svgBrunei Apr 25, 2012 diplomatic relations since Feb. 20, 2017
    89 ChadFlag of Chad.svgChad 0June 1, 2012 diplomatic relations
    90 East TimorFlag of East Timor.svgEast Timor Sep 20 2012 Kosovar-East Timorese relations
    diplomatic relations
    91 Papua New GuineaFlag of Papua New Guinea.svgPapua New Guinea 0Oct 3, 2012 diplomatic relations; according to Serbia withdrawal on July 5, 2018
    92 BurundiFlag of Burundi.svgBurundi Oct 16, 2012
    93 FijiFlag of Fiji.svgFiji Nov 19, 2012 diplomatic relations since Feb. 13, 2013
    94 StKittsundNevisFlag of Saint Kitts and Nevis.svgSt. Kitts and Nevis Nov 28, 2012 diplomatic relations since March 5, 2016
    95 DominicaFlag of Dominica.svgDominica Dec 11, 2012 diplomatic relations since Dec. 12, 2012
    96 PakistanFlag of Pakistan.svgPakistan Dec 24, 2012 diplomatic relations since Jan. 27, 2013 liaison office in Islamabad
    97 GuyanaFlag of Guyana.svgGuyana 13 Mar 2013 diplomatic relations since June 13, 2013
    98 TanzaniaFlag of Tanzania.svgTanzania May 29, 2013 Diplomatic relations since Apr. 3, 2014
    99 YemenFlag of Yemen.svgYemen June 12th, 2013
    100 EgyptFlag of Egypt.svgEgypt June 27, 2013 Liaison office in Cairo
    101 ElSalvadorFlag of El Salvador.svgEl Salvador June 29, 2013 diplomatic relations since Oct. 18, 2014
    102 ThailandFlag of Thailand.svgThailand Sep 24 2013 diplomatic relations since Nov. 22, 2013
    103 GrenadaFlag of Grenada.svgGrenada 25 Sep 2013 diplomatic relations since September 25, 2013; according to Serbia withdrawal on November 4, 2018
    104 LibyaFlag of Libya.svgLibya 25 Sep 2013 diplomatic relations since Aug. 27, 2011
    105 TongaFlag of Tonga.svgTonga Jan 15, 2014
    106 LesothoFlag of Lesotho.svgLesotho Feb 12, 2014
    107 TogoFlag of Togo.svgTogo 03rd July 2014
    diplomatic relations since July 21, 2014; Accredited Ambassador of Togo in Berlin since March 21, 2017
    108 Solomon IslandsFlag of the Solomon Islands.svgSolomon Islands 0Aug 5, 2014 according to Serbia withdrawal on December 3, 2018
    109 Antigua and BarbudaFlag of Antigua and Barbuda.svgAntigua and Barbuda 19th May 2015 diplomatic relations since July 26, 2019
    110 SurinameFlag of Suriname.svgSuriname 0July 8, 2016 according to Serbia withdrawal on Nov. 21, 2017
    111 SingaporeFlag of Singapore.svgSingapore 0Dec 1, 2016 Diplomatic relations since Dec. 1, 2016
    112 BangladeshFlag of Bangladesh.svgBangladesh Feb. 27, 2017 Diplomatic relations since Feb. 27, 2018 Embassy in Dhaka
    113 MadagascarFlag of Madagascar.svgMadagascar Nov 27, 2017 according to Serbia withdrawal on December 5, 2018
    114 BarbadosFlag of Barbados.svgBarbados Feb. 15, 2018 diplomatic relations since March 9, 2018
    (Note GNB)Uncertain recognition by Guinea-Bissau initially from January 10, 2011 to November 21, 2017. The Prime Minister of the country Umaro Sissoco Embaló said on November 17, 2017 in Belgrade that recognition of Kosovo had never been carried out. The government in Pristina announced that it had received a verbal note of recognition. The recognition therefore became invalid or was canceled on November 21, 2017. On January 30, 2018, however, Kosovo received full recognition of Guinea-Bissau again. This was confirmed by the Foreign Minister Behgjet Pacolli . Serbia also received written confirmation of its recognition from the government of Guinea-Bissau.
    The NEWBORN monument in Pristina with flags of all states that have recognized Kosovo (2013)

    De facto states, non-state subjects of international law and non-constitutionally autonomous political communities

    De facto state date Diplomatic relations source
    1 ChinaTaiwanFlag of the Republic of China.svgRepublic of China (Taiwan) Feb 18, 2008
    2 Order of MaltaFlag of the Order of St. John (various) .svgSovereign Order of Malta 0June 1, 2009
    3 NiueFlag of Niue.svgNiue May 18, 2015 diplomatic relations
    4th Cook IslandsFlag of the Cook Islands.svgCook Islands May 20, 2015 diplomatic relations

    International organizations (selection)

    Kosovo is a member of numerous international organizations, including:

    International organization date source
    IMFLogo IWF.svgInternational Monetary Fund (IMF) June 22, 2009
    World bankWorld Bank Logo.svgWorld bank June 22, 2009
    IOCOlympic flag.svgInternational Olympic Committee (IOC) 0Jan. 1, 2014
    FIBAFIBA Logo.svgFédération Internationale de Basketball (FIBA) 13 Mar 2015
    UEFAUEFA Logo.pngUEFA 0May 3, 2016
    FIFAFIFA logo without slogan.svg May 13, 2016
    World Customs OrganizationWCO bilingual white background.jpgWorld Customs Organization (WCO) 03rd Mar 2017

    Positions of other states

    UN member states

    Country comment
    1 SerbiaFlag of Serbia.svgSerbia Serbian-Kosovar relations
    Serbia continues to make formal claims on Kosovo and tries to counter the international recognition of Kosovo through its foreign policy. As early as 2013, however, the Serbian government declared that “Serbian sovereignty over Kosovo is practically non-existent” and that the “true borders” of Serbia have yet to be determined in the future.

    In his speech in May 2017 when he took office as Serbian President , Aleksandar Vučić suggested an internal dialogue about Kosovo: Serbia must “free” itself from the traditional “mythical approach” to the Kosovo issue. The Belgrade Center for Security Policy had previously published the results of a survey in February in which a large majority of the Serbs questioned stated that they had never had close contact with Kosovo: around 80 percent had never had relatives or friends in Kosovo and there were almost as many never even in Kosovo. Only about 7 percent visited Kosovo after the end of the Kosovo war in 1999.

    2 RussiaFlag of Russia.svgRussia Russia is Serbia's main ally and rejects an independent Kosovo. Immediately after Kosovo's declaration of independence, Russia's UN ambassador, Vitaly Ivanovich Churkin , spoke out against the unilateral declaration of independence and demanded that UN Resolution 1244 be respected . During his tenure as Russian President in 2008, Vladimir Putin described Kosovo's declaration of independence as "illegal".

    Russia, together with China, is preventing Kosovo from joining the UN with the right of veto in the United Nations Security Council .

    3 Chinese peopleFlag of the People's Republic of China.svgPeople's Republic of China China, together with Russia, is preventing Kosovo from joining the UN with the right of veto in the United Nations Security Council . The prevention of the admission of Kosovo into the UN is characterized by the fact that China itself with the claims of the territory of the Republic of China (Taiwan) , the repeatedly violently suppressed striving for independence of the Uyghurs as well as the separatist strivings of the Tibet annexed by China in several similar cases are involved.
    4th IndiaFlag of India.svgIndia In May 2018, Indian Vice President Venkaiah Naidu assured the Serbian government that his country would maintain its stance on not recognizing Kosovo. India's attitude towards the non-recognition of Kosovo is apparently based on India's role in the Kashmir conflict , in particular the nationalist-separatist ambitions of parts of the population in Kashmir, as well as the claims to what, according to the official Indian point of view, belong to the Union territory but is under Pakistani control Gilgit-Baltistan and the Chinese-controlled areas of Aksai Chin and Shaksgam Valley . In addition, India is faced with numerous separatist organizations in the north-east of the country .
    5 SpainFlag of Spain.svgSpain Due to its own attempts at autonomy in the country, namely those in Catalonia and the Basque Country , Spain is opposed to Kosovo's independence. In February 2008 there were also concerns about the legality of the Kosovar declaration of independence. Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy said in April 2013 that Spain does not recognize Kosovo and that its government will not change attitudes about it.

    Spain is one of the five EU member states that do not recognize Kosovo.

    6th GreeceFlag of Greece.svgGreece In 2015, the Greek Foreign Minister declared that his country was helping Kosovo to integrate into international organizations. Greece does not rule out recognition in principle. Kosovo has a liaison office in Athens .

    Greece is one of the five EU member states that do not recognize Kosovo.

    7th Cyprus repFlag of Cyprus.svgRepublic of Cyprus The Republic of Cyprus has traditionally had good economic and diplomatic relations with Serbia. A recognition of Kosovo is refused by Nicosia because of the dispute with Northern Cyprus , whose territory it claims itself - this position is also supported by Greece. In a statement from 2012, the Cypriot Ministry of Foreign Affairs announced that Cyprus' position on the non-recognition of Kosovo remains unchanged.

    Cyprus is one of the five EU member states that do not recognize Kosovo.

    8th RomaniaFlag of Romania.svgRomania In May 2015, the then Romanian Prime Minister Victor Ponta said that recognition of Kosovo by Romania was quite possible. His successor Dacian Cioloș made it clear in November 2016 that Romania's position on the recognition of Kosovo remains unchanged. The reason for Romania's negative attitude is u. a. Various fears have been assumed that the ethnic majority of Hungarian descent in the Szeklerland , a historical region in eastern Transylvania the size of Kosovo, could one day intensify the mostly marginalized attempts at autonomy.

    Romania is one of the five EU member states that do not recognize Kosovo.

    9 SlovakiaFlag of Slovakia.svgSlovakia The country has not yet recognized Kosovo due to concerns about possible attempts at autonomy by the Hungarian minority in Slovakia . Andrej Kiska , who was elected Slovak President in spring 2014, wants to recognize Kosovo, but Prime Minister Robert Fico is sticking to the non-recognition.

    Slovakia is one of the five EU member states that do not recognize Kosovo.

    10 BelarusFlag of Belarus.svgBelarus In May 2012, the Belarusian ambassador in Belgrade, Uladzimir Chushaw, announced that his country would never recognize Kosovo.
    11 Bosnia and HerzegovinaFlag of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svgBosnia and Herzegovina In order for Bosnia-Herzegovina to be able to recognize Kosovo on a national level, all three representatives of the state presidency (consisting of a Serb , a Croat and a Bosniak representative) must agree to this step. The representatives from the Republika Srpska always block the recognition of Kosovo by Sarajevo.
    12 Republic of MoldovaFlag of Moldova.svgRepublic of Moldova In an interview with journalists in Chișinău at the end of February 2008, Moldova's President Vladimir Voronin said that his country would never recognize Kosovo's independence. Such precedents could have "unforeseeable consequences" for the entire world community.
    13 UkraineFlag of Ukraine.svgUkraine Government representative Iwanna Klympusch-Zynzadze declared in July 2016 that Ukraine would stick to the non-recognition of Kosovo. Furthermore, Kiev supported the formation of the Association of Serbian Communities in Kosovo .
    14th GeorgiaFlag of Georgia.svgGeorgia In an interview from 2012, Georgian President Mikheil Saakashvili said: "We believe that from an international law perspective and based on the internal situation in our country, the recognition of Kosovo's independence would be incorrect."
    15th ArmeniaFlag of Armenia.svgArmenia In an interview with the Russian radio broadcaster Echo Moskwy in January 2011, Armenian President Serzh Sargsyan took the position: “We can not accept the sovereignty of Kosovo, like that of Abkhazia and South Ossetia , as long as we have not recognized the independence of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic . "
    16 AzerbaijanFlag of Azerbaijan.svgAzerbaijan In February 2008, the Azerbaijani Ministry of Foreign Affairs announced that it considered Kosovo's declaration of independence to be “illegal” and therefore did not recognize it. The question of the status of Nagorno-Karabakh has probably influenced this position - Azerbaijan has been trying for years to regain control of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic .
    17th IranFlag of Iran.svgIran At a meeting with his Iranian counterpart Mohammed Jawad Zarif in August 2015, the Foreign Minister and at the same time First Deputy Prime Minister of Serbia Ivica Dačić thanked the Islamic Republic for the principle of non-recognition of Kosovo.
    18th KazakhstanFlag of Kazakhstan.svgKazakhstan A few days after Kosovo's declaration of sovereignty, the spokesman for the Kazakh foreign ministry announced at a press conference that Kosovo's unilateral declaration of independence was seen as a violation of internationally recognized principles of international law and therefore spoke out in favor of the territorial integrity of Serbia.
    19th UzbekistanFlag of Uzbekistan.svgUzbekistan
    20th TurkmenistanFlag of Turkmenistan.svgTurkmenistan
    21st KyrgyzstanFlag of Kyrgyzstan.svgKyrgyzstan The Kyrgyz government has categorically refrained from recognizing Kosovo as an independent state. The Foreign Ministry expressed concern about the unilateral declaration of independence, according to which it could lead to the strengthening of separatist movements worldwide. Kyrgyzstan called on the sides of the conflict to hold political talks within the framework of international law. At the same time, it is demanded to guarantee the rights and security of all ethnic minorities.
    22nd TajikistanFlag of Tajikistan.svgTajikistan The chairman of the international affairs committee of the Tajik parliament, Asomidin Saidov , announced that his country would not recognize Kosovo's independence. This contradicts the principles of international law and could serve as a precedent for other ethnic groups such as the Basques in Spain and France, Irish in the north of Great Britain, Uyghurs in China, Kurds in Turkey and Iran, etc.
    23 MongoliaFlag of Mongolia.svgMongolia
    24 IraqFlag of Iraq.svgIraq
    25th SyriaFlag of Syria.svgSyria
    26th LebanonFlag of Lebanon.svgLebanon
    27 IsraelFlag of Israel.svgIsrael
    28 TunisiaFlag of Tunisia.svgTunisia
    29 AlgeriaFlag of Algeria.svgAlgeria The Serbian President Tomislav Nikolić thanked him for the non-recognition during a state visit to Algeria in May 2016.
    30th MoroccoFlag of Morocco.svgMorocco
    31 MaliFlag of Mali.svgMali At a meeting in August 2011 between Behgjet Pacolli and Amadou Toumani Touré , the President of Mali promised to seriously consider possible recognition of Kosovo. On August 21, 2012, it was announced that Mali had recognized Kosovo, but three days later the Malian Presidential Office denied this fact and stated that the published note verbale was not lawful. Shortly afterwards, Pacolli also admitted that Mali had not recognized Kosovo. He attributed this misunderstanding to internal problems in Mali ( Putsch in Mali 2012 ). Pacolli visited Mali again on August 31, 2012 to clarify the situation. He received a promise from the government that recognition would be given as soon as Mali had overcome its internal problems. However, the situation in Mali has worsened . In the northeastern parts of the country there are frequent armed uprisings by the Tuareg. In addition to 2012, this was also the case in 1963, 1991 and 2006. Another spin-off from Azawad is always conceivable. Recognition of Kosovo is therefore hardly to be expected in the near future.
    32 NigeriaFlag of Nigeria.svgNigeria On September 12, 2011, Nigeria recognized Kosovo's independence. In March 2012, however, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo declared that recognition had not yet been completed due to the lack of a diplomatic note. Two years later, the Nigerian Foreign Minister Aminu Bashir Wali made it clear in March 2014 that his country would not recognize Kosovo after all. Since the 1960s, there has been a need for the Christian ethnic minority of the Igbo in southeast Nigeria to achieve independence from the otherwise Islamic country, which led to the establishment of the Republic of Biafra , which was forcibly reintegrated in the course of the three-year Biafra War . Since then, various groups have continued to campaign for the restoration of the state. Among other things, the militant underground organization Movement for the Actualization of the Sovereign State of Biafra (Movement for the Realization of a Sovereign State of Biafra) is fighting for independence. Given these circumstances, it is unlikely that Nigeria will ultimately recognize Kosovo as a state in its own right.
    33 CameroonFlag of Cameroon.svgCameroon
    34 SudanFlag of Sudan.svgSudan At a meeting in May 2017 with the Sudanese Foreign Minister Ibrahim Ahmed Ghandour in Geneva , Edita Tahiri demanded recognition from Sudan. Ghandour replied that his country was seriously considering the recognition of Kosovo and that there could be “positive signals” in this regard in the near future.

    Although Sudan had not recognized Kosovo at the time, Sudan voted in November 2015 for Kosovo to become a UNESCO member.

    35 South SudanFlag of South Sudan.svgSouth Sudan
    36 EritreaFlag of Eritrea.svgEritrea
    37 EthiopiaFlag of Ethiopia.svgEthiopia In December 2014, Ethiopia threatened Serbia with recognition of Kosovo. The dispute between Belgrade and Addis Ababa is about old debts from the 1950s, which Serbia, as the legal successor to Yugoslavia, is demanding from the African country - Ethiopia, on the other hand, is calling for debt relief. Behgjet Pacolli said in a commission on May 2, 2019 that Ethiopia will recognize Kosovo and support the international integration of Kosovo.
    38 KenyaFlag of Kenya.svgKenya In February 2019, the Kenyan parliament declared that it did not recognize unilateral declarations of independence.
    39 UgandaFlag of Uganda.svgUganda On February 17, 2012, it was announced that Uganda had recognized Kosovo. Shortly afterwards, after a conversation with his Ugandan counterpart, the then Serbian Foreign Minister Vuk Jeremic stated that the recognition had not taken place after all. In March 2012, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo confirmed that recognition by Uganda was still pending, as the diplomatic note had not yet been received.

    In January 2016, Behgjet Pacolli met Ugandan President Yoweri Museveni . Recognition by means of a diplomatic note was then promised, and Uganda expressly supports the international integration of Kosovo.

    40 RwandaFlag of Rwanda.svgRwanda On January 21, 2019, Behgjet Pacolli traveled to Kigali , where he met the Rwandan President Paul Kagame . As a result, it was announced that Rwanda would recognize Kosovo as soon as possible. Although Rwanda does not recognize Kosovo, Rwanda has made an express promise to support Kosovo in international integration. Rwanda voted for UNESCO , Interpol membership for Kosovo in November 2015 and 2018 .
    41 Congo DRFlag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.svgDemocratic Republic of Congo On May 2, 2019, it was announced that the Democratic Republic of the Congo would soon recognize Kosovo.
    42 CongorepFlag of the Republic of the Congo.svgRepublic of the Congo
    43 Equatorial GuineaFlag of Equatorial Guinea.svgEquatorial Guinea
    44 AngolaFlag of Angola.svgAngola
    45 NamibiaFlag of Namibia.svgNamibia
    46 ZambiaFlag of Zambia.svgZambia Although Zambia does not recognize Kosovo, Behgjet Pacolli said in a commission on May 2, 2019 that Zambia supports the international integration of Kosovo
    47 ZimbabweFlag of Zimbabwe.svgZimbabwe
    48 MozambiqueFlag of Mozambique.svgMozambique
    49 BotswanaFlag of Botswana.svgBotswana
    50 South AfricaFlag of South Africa.svgSouth Africa
    51 MauritiusFlag of Mauritius.svgMauritius
    52 SeychellesFlag of Seychelles.svgSeychelles
    53 Cape VerdeFlag of Cape Verde.svgCape Verde
    54 NepalFlag of Nepal.svgNepal
    55 BhutanFlag of Bhutan.svgBhutan
    56 MyanmarFlag of Myanmar.svgMyanmar After reports emerged in January 2014 that Myanmar had recognized Kosovo, the Kosovar Foreign Ministry denied this and made it clear that it had not received any recognition from Myanmar.
    57 LaosFlag of Laos.svgLaos
    58 CambodiaFlag of Cambodia.svgCambodia
    59 VietnamFlag of Vietnam.svgVietnam In 2008 Vietnam initially spoke out against recognizing Kosovo. Three years later, the Vietnamese Deputy Prime Minister Phạm Gia Khiêm announced that his country was supporting a solution for Kosovo which the United Nations Security Council had initiated.
    60 PhilippinesFlag of the Philippines.svgPhilippines In February 2008, the Philippines initially refrained from recognizing Kosovo in order not to potentially endanger ongoing peace talks with Muslim separatists . Nevertheless, according to Foreign Minister Alberto Romulo , the country did not oppose the idea of ​​an independent Kosovo in principle. The Moros Islamic Liberation Front , meanwhile, welcomed the Kosovar declaration of independence and its recognition by the USA and European states.

    In November 2012, at a meeting with Enver Hoxhaj, Philippine Deputy Foreign Minister Rafael E. Seguis paid tribute to the general progress made by Kosovo and promised further support from the Philippines. His country would fully understand the independence of Kosovo and the recognition demanded by Hoxhaj would be considered.

    61 IndonesiaFlag of Indonesia.svgIndonesia As early as February 2008, Indonesia refused to recognize Kosovo's declaration of independence, fearing that separatist efforts could be encouraged in their own country.

    Serbian President Tomislav Nikolić thanked for the non-recognition during a state visit to Indonesia in April 2016.

    62 MexicoFlag of Mexico.svgMexico
    63 GuatemalaFlag of Guatemala.svgGuatemala
    64 NicaraguaFlag of Nicaragua.svgNicaragua
    65 CubaFlag of Cuba.svgCuba In February 2015, the Cuban ambassador in Belgrade, Adela Mayra Ruiz Garcia, confirmed that her country continues to support the Serbian claim to Kosovo.
    66 StVincent and the GrenadinesFlag of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.svgSt. Vincent and the Grenadines
    67 Trinidad and TobagoFlag of Trinidad and Tobago.svgTrinidad and Tobago
    68 VenezuelaFlag of Venezuela.svgVenezuela
    69 EcuadorFlag of Ecuador.svgEcuador
    70 BrazilFlag of Brazil.svgBrazil
    71 BoliviaFlag of Bolivia.svgBolivia
    72 UruguayFlag of Uruguay.svgUruguay
    73 ChileFlag of Chile.svgChile
    74 ArgentinaFlag of Argentina.svgArgentina
    75 Sri LankaFlag of Sri Lanka.svgSri Lanka
    76 North KoreaFlag of North Korea.svgNorth Korea
    77 ParaguayFlag of Paraguay.svgParaguay
    78 BahamasFlag of the Bahamas.svgBahamas At a meeting of the Foreign Ministers of the Bahamas and Kosovo, Frederick A. Mitchel and Enver Hoxhaj , in September 2012, Mitchel said that the Bahamas supported Kosovo.
    79 JamaicaFlag of Jamaica.svgJamaica The Jamaican government rejected an application by the United States for recognition of Kosovo in 2009. On July 23, 2009, Ambassador Vilma McNish, Undersecretary for Multilateral Affairs for the Jamaican Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade, stated that she did not anticipate any change in the decision of the Government of Jamaica not to extend formal diplomatic recognition to Kosovo. Following meetings with Jamaican officials in April 2010, Serbian Foreign Minister Vuk Jeremić stated that Serbia could count on continued support from Jamaica in safeguarding its sovereignty and territorial integrity.

    On February 20, 2020, the President of Kosovo, Hashim Thaçi, made a statement on Twitter thanking Jamaica for recognizing Kosovo as a sovereign and independent country. However, this was denied on the same day by Jamaica's Secretary of State and Foreign Trade, Kamina Johnson-Smith .

    Recognition withdrawn or incomplete

    In October 2017, the Suriname government became the first country to withdraw its recognition of Kosovo. According to Serbian sources, 14 states withdrew their recognition of Kosovo in the following two years, whereupon the Central African Republic also withdrew its recognition on July 27, 2019 . Behgjet Pacolli stated that no state had withdrawn recognition: Serbia was trying by all means to suppress the state. The Kosovar Foreign Ministry does not recognize the withdrawals by Papua New Guinea, Liberia, Guinea-Bissau and Ghana. During an official state visit to Sierra Leone, the Serbian Foreign Minister Ivica Dačić announced on March 3, 2020 that the country had withdrawn the recognition of Kosovo. Sierra Leone has not yet officially confirmed this. He also announced that 18 states have now revoked their previous recognition and that less than half of the UN states now consider the "territory" of Kosovo to be independent.

    Several states have currently clearly withdrawn their recognition of Kosovo or later determined that this would not be carried out without a diplomatic note (please also note the table above), including:

    Country Period of Recognition comment
    NigeriaFlag of Nigeria.svgNigeria September 2011 to March 2012 Nigeria did not take a verbal note.
    UgandaFlag of Uganda.svgUganda February 2012 to March 2012 Uganda did not take a verbal note.
    SurinameFlag of Suriname.svgSuriname July 2016 to October 2017 Suriname first recognized Kosovo and then made a verbal note about the withdrawal.

    Observing nations of the UN

    Country comment
    Holy SeeFlag of the Vatican City.svgHoly See On September 7, 2018, Pope Francis elevated the Apostolic Administration of Prizren to the status of its own independent diocese, Diocese of Prizren-Pristina . This gesture is seen as an important step towards recognition of the state of Kosovo. Shortly afterwards, Prime Minister Haradinaj announced that the Vatican had continuously deepened the dialogue with Kosovo.

    Recognizing states with contradicting statements

    While the government of Poland recognized the Republic of Kosovo by means of a diplomatic note on February 26, 2008, the then Polish President Lech Kaczyński commented negatively on recognition and made it clear that Poland had never carried out recognition and that he would never countersign it. A little later, he then announced that he would accept the government's decision on recognition, but announced his opposition to the establishment of diplomatic relations. Despite its recognition in the end, Poland has no diplomatic relations with Kosovo.

    Efforts by the Kosovar government

    Since the former Prime Minister Hashim Thaçi appointed former President Behgjet Pacolli as his first deputy in April 2011 and also entrusted him with the task of seeking further recognition by the UN member states, the number of states that Kosovo is considered independent acknowledge, risen again. Pacolli mainly traveled to West Africa , where he initially achieved success in four countries - now all states in this region have recognized Kosovo. At the same time, Foreign Minister Enver Hoxhaj called for further recognition in meetings with other politicians.

    See also

    Web links

    Individual evidence

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