Heilandskirche (Graz)

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The Heilandskirche in summer 2008

The Heilandskirche is one of the five Protestant churches in the Styrian capital Graz . It is the parish church of the Protestant parish AuHB Graz-Heilandskirche . The church was in the time of Biedermeier in historicist built style. It is located on Kaiser-Josef-Platz in the 2nd district of St. Leonhard in Graz .

It is the main church of the Evangelical Superintendentur AB Steiermark .

history

Martin Luther House

In 1824, according to the tolerance patent of Emperor Joseph II, a first Protestant prayer house was built on the former wooden yard outside the fortified old town of Graz. Previously, according to current regulations, there were about 270 believers, too few to found their own church. The Graz parish was officially a dependence (branch) of the parish of Wald am Schoberpaß and was rented in the Augustinerkirche (today's Stiegenkirche ). In accordance with the provisions of the tolerance patent, the new prayer house, which was connected to a school and parsonage, had to look like an ordinary residential building from the outside and was therefore designed in the manner of a Biedermeier residential building. It comprised the prayer room, apartments for the pastor, the church servant, the teacher and a classroom, what would later become the Evangelical Girls' School, today's Martin Luther House .

Only after the revolution of 1848 was it possible to erect a building recognizable as a Protestant church. In 1853 the renovation was approved according to plans by Franz Zehengruber . The Heilandskirche is the only church building in the style of romantic historicism in Graz.

Today's interior essentially corresponds to the room of the former prayer house. The orientation was changed: the altar was moved from the northeast to the southwest side. The church tower, the church windows visible from the outside and the portal at Kaiser-Josef-Platz were added. The classical high altar with a picture by Josef Wonsidler (dated 1829) and the pulpit are also preserved .

In the course of a comprehensive renovation according to plans by architect Werner Hollomey , the church interior was given a new appearance in 1992: colored glass windows as well as a transportable altar , a new ambo and a baptismal font . The parish of the Heilandskirche is the largest Protestant parish in Austria with around 6,400 parishioners.

The Evangelical Parish Church AuHB and the former Evangelical School and Prayer House (both Kaiser-Josef-Platz 9), as well as the Martin Luther House (Luthergasse 1) are under monument protection.

Organs

The first organ was installed in the “Stiegenkirche” by the organ builder Carl Schehl from Schwerin in 1822 and transferred to the prayer house at today's Kaiser Josef-Platz in 1824. It did not have a pedal keyboard, but had a range of five octaves . The disposition has been handed down:

I Manual FF – f 3
Bourdon 16 ′
Principal 8th'
Hollow flute 8th'
Flautrawer 8th'
Octav 4 ′
Mixture II

After the prayer house had been redesigned into today's church building (1853–1854), the organ was first placed on the new music gallery above the main entrance. With the help of an inheritance from the eccentric owner of the castle von Plankenwarth, Emilie Sarah Engelbronner d′Aubigny de Peché (1772–1849), who came from a Huguenot family on his mother's side, it was replaced by a work by the Viennese organ builder Franz Ullmann , which was completed in 1861. The middle three prospect fields of today's organ still come from this instrument. Ullmann's explanation of the pedal is remarkable: "The pedal keyboard has 12 tones or 1 octave and is the 2nd octava as a repetition of the first to enable both feet to be used when playing."

I Manual C – f 3
Principal 8th'
Copula 8th'
Viola di gamba 8th'
Octav 4 ′
flute 4 ′
Quint 3 ′
Great Octave 2 ′
Mixture III 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
Pedal C – h
Sub bass 16 ′
Violon bass 8th'
Octavbass 4 ′

A new, larger organ from the Walcker company with 25 registers and a pneumatic action was built into the Ullmann case in 1908, which had to be enlarged by two outer flanks. It was considered the most important organ in Graz and, in addition to a distinctive late-romantic sound with swell mechanism, also offered several technical innovations, including the Organola system, a pneumatically controlled self-playing device with cylinder and punched tape, a patent by Walcker.

During the war, the sound was modified from 1942 to 1945, which was supposed to turn the late romantic organ into a classical concert organ. Over time, however, the pneumatic action began to malfunction, which ultimately required a new design.

In 1977 the Walcker organ was replaced by a wind chest organ with a mechanical play and stop action from the Graz workshop of Johann Krenn's Widow and Sons, with 72 old wooden pipes being reused. Apart from a revision in 1992, this organ remained unchanged until the beginning of 2017. Your disposition was:

I Hauptwerk C – g 3
Pommer 16 ′
Principal 8th'
Gemshorn 8th'
octave 4 ′
flute 4 ′
Nasard 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Schwegel 2 ′
Mixture IV-VI 2 ′
Trumpet 8th'
Tremulant
II Breastwork
(swellable) C – f 3
Wooden dacked 8th'
Reed flute 4 ′
Gamba 4 ′ (1992)
Prefix 2 ′
Terzian I-III 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
Zimbel III 1 ⁄ 2 ′
Krummhorn 8th'
Tremulant
Pedal C – d 1
Sub bass 16 ′
Principal bass 8th'
Covered bass 8th'
Choral bass 4 ′
Night horn 2 ′
Cornett III 5 1 ⁄ 3  ′
trombone 16 ′

After the Krenn organ had reached the end of its lifespan, Hermann Eule Orgelbau Bautzen was commissioned in April 2015 to build a new instrument that was technically up to date. The inauguration will take place on October 31, 2017. The two-armed game mechanism is mechanical and the filing is electric, the console is attached. In the future, it will be possible to use the midi interface to sound all kinds of instruments; the sound is emitted via loudspeakers built into the organ. The disposition of the owl organ is as follows:

I main work C – c 4
Violin principal 16 ′
Principal 8th'
Viola da gamba 8th'
Tibia 8th'
octave 4 ′
Pointed flute 4 ′
Fifth 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′ Advance deduction
Super octave 2 ′ Advance deduction
Mixture IV 2 ′
Cornett II-IV 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
tuba 8th'
II Swell C – c 4
Drone 16 ′
Violin principal 8th'
Concert flute 8th'
Harmonica 8th'
Vox coelestis (from c) 8th'
Fugara 4 ′
Transverse flute 4 ′
Nazard 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Flautino 2 ′
third 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
oboe 8th'
III Echowork C – c 4
Flauto amabile 8th'
viola 8th'
Distance flute 8th'
Bifara (ac) 8th'
Aeoline 16 ′ resounding
Clarinet 8th' resounding
Physharmonica 16 ′ Extension
Physharmonica 8th'
Pedal C – g 1
double bass 16 ′ transmission
Sub bass 16 ′
Drone bass 16 ′ transmission
Principal bass 8th' transmission
violoncello 8th'
Dacked bass 8th'
trombone 16 ′
tuba 8th' transmission
  • Coupling : II / I, III / I, III / II, I / P, II / P, III / P (electrical)
  • Playing aids : typesetting system, midi interface

environment

The Heilandskirche and the attached parish buildings form a building complex surrounded by streets with an inner courtyard. The front of the church overlooks Kaiser-Josef-Platz, where the largest farmers' market in Graz takes place. Another side of this square is taken up by the Graz Opera .

literature

Web links

Commons : Heilandskirche, Graz  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b The history of the Heilandskirche. Evangelical Parish Graz-Heilandskirche, accessed on September 8, 2019 .
  2. ↑ http://www.engelbronner.nl/Desc_Elias/b156.htm#P156 ; https://hunderwegs.wordpress.com/2012/11/15/zum-grab-der-generalin/ . (There are several variants of the name components: "Amalia", "Sara", "Engelbrunner".)
  3. ↑ Sources: Gottfried Allmer: Organ building in the Grazer Heilandskirche. In: Festschrift for the inauguration of the new organ in the Heilandskirche Graz. Ed. Evangelische Pfarrgemeinde Graz-Heilandskirche, pp. 13–15; also: http://heilandskirche.st/
  4. ↑ Thomas Wrenger (Cantor): The new organ in the Heilandskirche. Festschrift, p. 17.

Coordinates: 47 ° 4 ′ 5.8 "  N , 15 ° 26 ′ 46"  E