Protests in Hong Kong 2019/2020

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Protests on June 9, 2019 in Hennessy Road ( Wan Chai ) - Hong Kong
Withered Bauhinia flower; one of the symbols of the democracy movement

In the summer of 2019 , mass protests broke out in the Chinese Special Administrative Region of Hong Kong against the Beijing-related government under Carrie Lam . The occasion was a proposed law on fugitive offenders and mutual legal assistance in criminal matters , a. Should enable extraditions of prisoners to the People's Republic of China . Opponents of this draft law fear that it would undermine Hong Kong's liberal legal system, which until now has been largely independent of the authoritarian People's Republic under the principle of one country, two systems . On the following, from theCivil Human Rights Front (CHRF) organized demonstrations and a. on June 9, 16 and August 18, 2019, well over a million people each took part; and thus around 13 to 27 percent of the Hong Kong population. Several demonstrations by foreign Hong Kongers and local residents took place elsewhere as well. In the symbolically important local elections in November 2019 , the pro-democracy camp was able torecorda landslide victory over the parties close to Beijing . This is seen as clear confirmation that a large majority of the Hong Kong population also supports the protests.

The protests are considered the largest since the democracy movement in Beijing, which was brutally suppressed on June 4, 1989 ( Tian'anmen massacre ) and the 2014 umbrella movement, and the worst political crisis in Hong Kong since the city was handed over to the People's Republic of China in 1997. Goods While the demonstrations were largely peaceful at the beginning, they increasingly developed into a violent popular uprising , not least because of the tough crackdown on demonstrators by the police and the explicit threats of military force on the part of the Chinese central government . Demands of the leaders of the demonstrations, including the student Joshua Wong , include the complete withdrawal of the extradition law (which happened on October 23, 2019), a general, free and equal election of the head of government, the resignation of incumbent Lam, and an independent commission of inquiry into police violence and the release of political prisoners . Above all, there is also the fear of a further, gradual integration of Hong Kong into the Chinese legal and state system, which is to take place at the latest when the transition phase agreed in the Sino-British joint declaration expires in 2047. With the law on national security unilaterally passed by China on May 28, 2020 , which criminalizes opposition actions, the democracy camp sees these fears as being confirmed in the worst possible way.

course

Demonstration on June 16, 2019 with 2 million participants (according to the organizers)

One of the external reasons for passing a law to extradite criminals from Hong Kong to other places outside Hong Kong was a murder case. In February 2018, 19-year-old Hong Kong resident Chan Tong-kai and his pregnant friend Poon Hiu-wing were on vacation in Taiwan . Chan returned to Hong Kong without his girlfriend on February 17, 2018. After February 17, 2018, Chan withdrew money with his girlfriend's credit card several times. Poon herself was initially missing until her body was found in a park in Taiwan about a month later. She had been strangled. On March 13, 2018, Chan was questioned by Hong Kong police and admitted to the murder of Poon. According to Chan's information, it was a relationship act because his girlfriend had revealed to him that he was not the father of their unborn child. In the absence of any extradition or legal assistance treaties between Taiwan (the Republic of China ) and Hong Kong, Hong Kong law enforcement officials reportedly found themselves unable to bring charges against Chan for murder. Instead, he was charged with credit card theft and sentenced to 29 months in prison, with the prospect of early release if well behaved. The case, which caused some public outrage, was used by the Hong Kong government to justify the need for an extradition law for offenders.

June

The first street battles took place in June: here you can see spreading tear gas, which the Hong Kong police will make regular use of over the next few months.

Despite the massive demonstrations, the government insisted for a few days on the passing of the bill, which, according to the version introduced in the Legislative Council , the Hong Kong Parliament, on April 3, 2019 , would legally enable the extradition of suspected criminals to mainland China. She claimed the bill is urgent because it closes a legal loophole. The second reading was originally planned for June 12, but did not take place because of the protests. On June 12, the demonstrators clashed with the police, who used tear gas and rubber bullets. A meeting scheduled for June 13 has also been postponed.

Protesters put five fingers in the air - a symbol for the five demands of the democracy movement

On June 15, Hong Kong Prime Minister Carrie Lam postponed the bill indefinitely. However, she made it clear that the bill would only be postponed and not withdrawn. Thereupon another protest march through the inner city took place from Victoria Park on June 16 , during which the government was asked to withdraw the bill completely. Another four demands were made and repeated in later demonstrations:

  • Withdrawal of the characterization of the June 12 protests as "riot" used by Hong Kong Police Commissioner Stephen Lo. The police later weakened their testimony to the effect that only a few protesters had rioted.
  • Release of all detained demonstrators.
  • Set up an independent commission of inquiry to investigate the legality of the Hong Kong police's actions.
  • General suffrage for the legislative council and the office of head of government (chief executive).

Universal suffrage had already been the focus of the umbrella movement five years earlier , which, however, ended without any concrete political success.

Civil Human Rights Front officials said there were over two million people attending the June 16 demonstration, while other estimates put the number in the hundreds of thousands. Because a Christian song was sung during these demonstrations, they were considered religious gatherings that the police cannot prosecute.

On June 21st, several thousand protesters besieged the police headquarters in Wan Chai District, taping up surveillance cameras and shouting "Shame on the police thugs". The siege broke up peacefully after 15 hours that night. On the evening of June 26th, a mass rally took place on Edinburgh Place in the Central District, at which several states expected for the G20 summit in Osaka were called on to support the concerns of the demonstrators at the summit. Protesters had previously marched in front of the consulates of G20 countries.

July

Colorful umbrella protest at Sha Tin City Hall during the general strike (August 5th)

On the evening of July 1st, the anniversary of the return of Hong Kong to China, hundreds of thousands protested peacefully in the traditional July protest march. At the same time, the protests at the Legislative Council escalated. After the occupation by hundreds of demonstrators, police officers with protective shields, batons and rifles with rubber bullets cleared the area the night before and searched the parliament building. On the weekend of July 13-14, tens of thousands of Hong Kong residents took to the streets to protest outside the financial district. In the border towns of Sheung Shui and Sha Tin , they demonstrated, among other things, against unpopular day tourists and traders from the mainland. This led to clashes with the police.

On July 21, thugs attacked protesters critical of the government in a subway station in the Yuen Long District , injuring 45 people, some seriously. According to individual media reports, the police had only intervened after more than an hour “despite dramatic calls for help”. As a result, despite a ban on demonstrations, civilians took to the streets to demonstrate against the groups of thugs suspected of being triads .

August

Hong Kong Airport (August 2019)
Demonstration on August 18, 2019 with 1.7 million participants (according to the organizers)
Laser pointers were often used as a symbol by the demonstrators. A newspaper is held up here as Hong Kong police said the lasers were weapons as they could burn holes in the newspaper.

Since the attacks in the subway station on July 21, 2019, the protests, some of which were violent, have also been directed against violence by the police, who were also accused of being linked to criminals. The increasing influence of the People's Republic of China was generally criticized. The Hong Kong Prime Minister Lam was accused of being too close to the government in Beijing. A general strike was called for August 5, 2019 . Thousands of demonstrators paralyzed traffic, rail and bus services were suspended and numerous flights were canceled.

On August 6, 2019, the Chinese government warned demonstrators of further escalation. When asked about a possible deployment of the People's Liberation Army, government spokesman Yang replied that the Hong Kong government was "fully in a position" to restore order and stability. On August 12 and 13, 2019, operations at Hong Kong International Airport had to be temporarily suspended because the arrival and departure halls were occupied by the demonstrators due to sit-in strikes . Many protesters were blindfolded to commemorate an incident on August 11, 2019, when a protester was seriously injured in her right eye by a rubber police bullet in the Tsim Sha Tsui neighborhood . At the same time, the Chinese Global Times reported that the People's Armed Police of the People's Republic of China had gathered in Shenzhen , a city near the Hong Kong border, apparently to carry out a major exercise. President Donald Trump said he had intelligence that the People's Liberation Army troops were being brought to the Hong Kong border. China refused entry into the port of Hong Kong for two US warships: the amphibious transport dock USS Green Bay (LPD-20) should have made a stopover in Hong Kong on August 17, 2019, the USS Lake Erie in September 2019. Liu Xiaoming, China Ambassador to Great Britain, threatened to intervene "to quickly suppress the unrest".

On August 18, according to the organizers, the Civil Human Rights Front , 1.7 million people gathered for a central rally. Dpa reporters estimated the number of participants to be well over a million people.

Video recording of a police operation on August 31, 2019 in Hong Kong's Prince Edward Station .

The next day, Prime Minister Carrie Lam announced a dialogue with Hong Kong people from all walks of life. The demonstrators' demands for an independent committee of inquiry to review the police operations of the past few weeks were rejected.

On August 23, around 210,000 demonstrators formed human chains totaling 60 kilometers through the city to reinforce their demands. The date was chosen to mark the thirtieth anniversary of the Baltic Way human chains .

On August 25, a Hong Kong police officer fired a sharp shot for the first time in a scuffle with demonstrators. The demonstrators spoke of “ white terror ” as water cannons and tear gas were also used to disperse the crowd. Despite a ban, thousands again protested against the Chinese government on August 31, 2019, wearing mostly black T-shirts. The police used tear gas and water cannons against demonstrators near the parliament building.

On August 31, the song Glory to Hong Kong , widely accepted as the anthem of the protests, was released.

September

Use of water cannons against demonstrators

On September 4th, the Hong Kong Prime Minister Carrie Lam announced that she wanted to completely withdraw the draft law on extradition to China. With the formal withdrawal of the amendment to the Act on Fugitive Offenders and Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters , the head of government fulfills a demand of the protests. But even after the head of government's admission, the demonstrations continued, albeit on a smaller scale of tens of thousands of participants, on the weekend that followed. The demands from the previous months were repeated.

The Hong Kong people also fear for freedom of expression and assembly in the Chinese special administrative region in which they live. Due to the state resistance to the protests, the demonstrators see confirmation that China or its political leadership in Beijing will try to permanently curtail these rights. Such fear goes so far that some demonstrators who have broken bones have not sought hospital treatment for fear of subsequent arrests.

Joshua Wong , who, as in 2014, was also the champion of these protests and is therefore the focus of media coverage, asked Chancellor Angela Merkel in an open letter to stand up for the protesters' demands during her state visit to China in September. He was then taken into custody for one day before traveling to Germany for an event in the restaurant of the Reichstag building without meeting Merkel there.

There Wong met the German Federal Foreign Minister Heiko Maas (SPD). The Chinese Foreign Ministry then spoke of “disrespect” towards the sovereignty of the People's Republic and interference in internal affairs. The Foreign Office rejected the complaint; Meetings with representatives of civil society are common, after all, the federal government is committed to freedom of expression. Thereupon the German ambassador was summoned to the Chinese Foreign Ministry, where deep dissatisfaction was expressed and it was declared that the meeting of Wong with Maas and other German politicians would have negative consequences for German-Chinese relations . Wong also urged German manufacturers of water cannons to stop delivering them to the Hong Kong police.

State media in China warned protesters, whom they had previously described as "criminals", against further protests, as Hong Kong was "an inseparable part of the People's Republic of China"; any attempt to split off will be "crushed". At the end of the month, according to the organizers, for the first time since August, up to 300,000 people came together for a rally in Tamar Park .

In September, the Hong Kong WTA tennis tournament scheduled for early October 2019 was canceled.

Road blockade in the Hong Kong district of Causeway Bay in early October.

October

One of the riot police with a blue background to the protesters to break up an unauthorized meeting.
Two Hong Kong police officers using their revolvers.

Before the 70th anniversary of the Communist People's Republic of China, on October 1st, the military presence in Hong Kong was doubled. On this national holiday itself, riots broke out during the night, during which protesters threw Molotov cocktails and cobblestones at the massive police presence and set barricades on fire on streets in downtown Hong Kong. During the day, 18-year-old student Tsang Chi-kin, who was armed with a pipe and who was involved in a chaotic altercation in Tsuen Wan district , was shot at close range by a gun drawn police officer when the student threatened him with a metal rod. It was the first time during the month-long protests that the police used live ammunition against a person. The student was taken to Princess Margaret Hospital in critical condition. The school Tsuen Wan Public Ho Chuen Yiu Memorial College , which belongs to the students protested against the entire police disproportionately aggressive approach of Hong Kong. Since then, classmates have held rallies there every day. Over 180 people were arrested that night when 74 protesters and 25 police officers were injured.

On October 4, the government issued a masking ban that also includes respiratory masks , which are widespread among the population due to the occasional prevailing smog and with which the demonstrators have so far also protected themselves from tear gas ; she applied an emergency law from the colonial days of Hong Kong. Violation of the prohibition will result in a one-year prison sentence or a fine of 25,000 Hong Kong dollars . As a result, several hundred civilians equipped with breathing masks demonstrated against the ban on October 5. The night before, protesters once again took to the streets and demolished shops and subway stations so that the latter were closed the next day. A 14-year-old boy suffered a gunshot wound on his leg during the clashes, which the police said was serious but not life-threatening. On October 6, a yellow flag was displayed by the Hong Kong People's Liberation Army (PLA) barracks in Hong Kong to warn protesters that they might be arrested by mainland China for laser pointering the barracks; On the roof of the barracks uniformed PLA soldiers could be seen observing demonstrators, the soldiers using binoculars and cameras. This was the demonstrators' first direct contact with the PLA since the protests began.

Despite traffic restrictions, tens of thousands of demonstrators gathered for a protest march in Kowloon on October 20 . Numerous demonstrators who opposed the ban on masking were among the protest march. According to Reuters news agency, shops and subway stations were devastated during the march, and police used tear gas against demonstrators who tried to set fire to a police station with Molotov cocktails.

On October 23, 2019, the draft extradition law was officially withdrawn. On the same day, the alleged murderer Chan Tong-kai, whose case was cited by the Hong Kong government as an example to justify its extradition law, was released after 19 months. Of the 29 months he was sentenced to in April 2019, a third had been released for good conduct. He was also credited with 13 months of pre-trial detention. At the same time, Chan announced that he would face the prosecution in Taiwan.

On October 26, 2019, hospital officials in the city demonstrated against what they saw as disproportionate violence by the police in breaking up meetings and arrests over the past few months.

In an interview, a doctor employed in a hospital confirmed that parts of the medical staff organize after work to provide medical aid to the injured in a non-public place, as the Hong Kong police have access to patient data and in some cases demonstrators have the aisle shy away from hospitals where there are police officers.

The fact that the police can view patient data is made possible by regulations that are intended for major incidents and have been used for police work since the protests. The doctor also complains that the police do not respect the first aid personnel who are mobile on the streets, despite the protective symbols , and that medical treatments are sometimes disrupted by the police, even in hospitals.

November

Protesters attempt to break through a roadblock to get to their fellow campaigners who are encircled in Hong Kong University
A sea of ​​lights made of cell phone lamps as a symbol of protest

The weekend demonstrations continued in November.

On the morning of November 2, police in Victoria Park broke up a gathering of several thousand demonstrators shortly after it began because they rejected the organizers' reasoning that the event was related to the November 24 district election. The police had also previously refused the authorization as a demonstration, which the organizers originally sought. This led to riots in the area. The police used tear gas. Some protesters threw incendiary bombs . Among other things, the glass facade of the building of the Chinese news agency Xinhua was vandalized.

On Sunday November 3, a supporter who was loyal to Beijing with a knife injured several demonstrators in eastern Hong Kong Island . The angry crowd beat and kicked the attacker.

The following night, protesters erected roadblocks in Sai Kung district and threw paving stones at police using tear gas. Alex Chow, 22, a student at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , was found unconscious that night in a parking garage with severe head injuries. He fell while trying to escape tear gas and succumbed to the injuries.

While the demonstrations that have turned into riots have so far mostly taken place on weekends, they now continued for the first time during the week.

Video from November 17, 2019 showing rioting at a Hong Kong university and people making Molotov cocktails.

On Monday, November 11th, blockades of protesters disrupted morning rush hour traffic considerably; including in MTR stations . These were closed because, among other things, empty trains were damaged with incendiary devices the night before.

A demonstrator who tried to prevent a police officer from arresting another demonstrator was shot by them and seriously injured in the abdomen. Another policeman targeted demonstrators with a company motorcycle.

On Tuesday, a construction worker was showered with a flammable liquid and set on fire during an argument with protesters.

After schools and universities closed on Wednesday because of the protests, all schools closed on Thursday for the rest of the week. Several universities ended the winter semester prematurely because riots continued there or armed students, for example at the Hong Kong Polytechnic University , holed up. The police surrounded the polytechnic university, which is the last, where violent students barricaded themselves with archaic weapons and Molotov cocktails and incendiary bombs.

Meanwhile, unarmed People's Liberation Army soldiers removed street barricades at Hong Kong Baptist University .

In the local elections in Hong Kong on November 24, the parties of the pro-democracy camp , which is close to the cause of the demonstrators, won 17 of the 18 districts of Hong Kong with a record turnout of over 71% . They were able to more than triple their result from 124 to 388 seats (over 85%), while parties close to Beijing only got 62 seats (approx. 14%); a loss of over 242 seats. Observers spoke of a "landslide victory" for the democracy movement. Although the district committees up for election have little political influence, the election was considered the only democratic one in Hong Kong and the result as a symbolically important confirmation for the protest movement, because the government under Carrie Lam had previously claimed that the demonstrators did not speak for a majority of the population.

December

According to the organizers, around 800,000 people walked through downtown Hong Kong on Sunday, December 8, in a protest march approved by the authorities. According to the police, only about 183,000 people took part in the largely peaceful demonstration.

January 2020

Hundreds of thousands of people took to the streets again during the New Year's March

On New Year's Day 2020, demonstrations with several hundred thousand participants took place again. On January 19th, a demonstration took place in the Central District under the motto “Universal Siege against Communism” (“General Siege of Communism”). The organizers said 150,000 participants, while the police gave an estimate of a maximum of 11,680 participants. In the course of the demonstration, some of the participants left the area approved for the demonstration, the Chater Garden Park, and temporarily built barricades out of umbrellas, traffic cones and other objects on adjacent streets; they also dug up cobblestones. When the police broke up the demonstration, riots broke out in which the police used tear gas and injured several police officers. The police arrested the well-known activist Ventus Lau on the grounds that, as the organizer of the demonstration, he was responsible for violating the demonstration requirements and opposing police measures.

February

After the COVID-19 pandemic had interrupted the mass protests and the smaller protests had temporarily subsided, serious clashes broke out again between the night of February 29 and March 1 in the districts of Mong Kok and Prince Edward Protesters and the police. These began when about 100 demonstrators refused to comply with the police's request to break up the gathering, which commemorated the events at Prince Edward MTR station on August 31, 2019. A group of demonstrators, which grew during the night, threw Molotov cocktails and stones at police officers; the police responded with tear gas and pepper spray. A police officer drew his service weapon and pointed it at demonstrators who, according to the police, attacked him with stones, bamboo canes and other hard objects. The police arrested 115 people.

April

In mid-April, the police arrested 14 democracy activists. Among them are the leaders accused of organizing illegal gatherings in 2019. The well-known names are z. B. Media entrepreneur Jimmy Lai and former MPs Martin Lee , Margaret Ng, Albert Ho, Leung Kwok-hung and Au Nok-hin. The movement sees this action as an attempt to intimidate the government in order to silence the opposition.

May

Demonstration against the Security Act and “National Anthem Act” in May 2020

In May, the Chinese Communist Party announced that it would pass a "National Security Law" for Hong Kong through various opposition activities (including "secession, foreign influence, terrorism and all insurrectionary activities [...] which the.. Overthrowing the central government would be the goal ”) be made a criminal offense. It also provides that security forces from mainland China can also be deployed in Hong Kong in the future. Despite fierce protests from Hong Kong people, the National People's Congress in Beijing authorized its Standing Committee to pass the law on May 28, without the participation of the Hong Kong Parliament . The law, which is formulated relatively broadly and unspecifically and added as an appendix to the Hong Kong Basic Law, was further specified in the following weeks by the Standing Committee of the Politburo .

In response, the governments of the United States , the United Kingdom , Australia and Canada issued a joint declaration condemning the security law, accusing the People's Republic of China of violating its obligations under the Joint Declaration on Hong Kong . US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo said that China has violated the contractually guaranteed principle of " one country, two systems " and that the US can no longer regard Hong Kong as an autonomous region. This could not only have economic consequences for China, but also signal a possible violation of the Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act by the People's Republic of China, which could result in sanctions. The British Foreign Minister Dominic Raab announced that the visa rules for Hong Kong residents (still so-called British Nationals ) would be relaxed. The Taiwanese President Tsai Ing-wen announced that she would grant asylum to all Hong Kong refugees. The Hong Kong dissidents Joshua Wong and Glacier Kwong called on the Western world to impose sanctions on the Chinese central government, and specifically on Germany and the EU to pass a law similar to the Magnitsky Act . According to them, the security law is even worse than the extradition law and a "devastating blow to civil liberties and the already fragile autonomy of Hong Kong".

Demonstrations took place again in Hong Kong as a result of the Security Act. 180 people were arrested during the counter- protests in the Causeway Bay district during the times of the COVID-19 pandemic ; water cannons and tear gas were used.

June

On June 30, 2020, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress unanimously passed the " Law for the Protection of National Security in Hong Kong " announced in May 2020 and voted, bypassing the Hong Kong Parliament, for its inclusion in the constitution of the Special Administrative Region. State and party leader Xi Jinping signed the law on the same day, making it into force on June 30 at 11 p.m. local time, shortly before the 23rd anniversary of Hong Kong's surrender to the People's Republic of China. Among other things, it allows the People's Republic to deploy its own security forces in Hong Kong to initiate criminal investigations against incidents which it defines as “ subversive , separative or terrorist ” and in which it believes it recognizes a crime against national security ( see above ). In cases where the National Security Bureau does prosecute, the enacted law is not bound by Hong Kong law, but can relocate suspects to mainland China , where "serious offenses" are imprisoned for life or a minimum of ten years in prison to be judged. This also applies to offenses committed by foreigners in or outside China - this includes, for example, supporting the democracy movement or calling for sanctions. In addition, the Security Act takes precedence over all domestic laws in Hong Kong. It authorizes the government to suspend jury trials and public hearings, and allows the Hong Kong police to conduct house searches without a judge's order.

As a result, Joshua Wong , hitherto general secretary of the opposition party Demosistō and spokesman for the protests, announced his resignation on June 30th. Even Nathan Law , Agnes Chow and other leaders of the pro-democracy camp followed the step because they now also a political persecution feared. On the same day, the Demosistō party announced its immediate dissolution.

July

The first arrests were made on July 1st under the new security law; Among other things, for carrying a flag of the democracy movement and wearing a T-shirt with the words " Free Hong Kong " on it. In addition, water cannons and irritant gas were used.

On July 11th and 12th, 2020, more than 600,000 Hong Kong residents took part in the primaries used by the pro-democratic opposition to select their candidates for the Legislative Council elections scheduled for September 6th. The success of the "localists" in the primaries was viewed by observers as a vote against the security law. The head of the China Liaison Office in Hong Kong, Luo Huining , condemned the election as a possible violation of security law. This accusation was also raised by the Hong Kong city government, referring to the intention expressed by some candidates to block the government budget by repeatedly vetoing the legislative council after entering the legislative council and thereby force the removal of the head of government Carrie Lam according to the Hong Kong constitution . On July 30, Joshua Wong and other candidates who won the primaries were banned from election to the Legislative Council because the city government said they did not support the Hong Kong Constitution. The next day, the Legislative Council elections were postponed to September 5, 2021 with the help of a British colonial emergency law, with the government spearheading the city's most recent worsening COVID-19 pandemic. Observers saw this justification as flimsy and suspected that the city government was instead interested in avoiding embarrassment like in the local elections in November 2019.

November

On November 12, the pro-democracy opposition faction in the Hong Kong parliament resigned after four pro-democracy MPs who the Hong Kong authorities identified as a "threat to national security" were expelled from parliament.

January 2021

On January 6, more than 50 pro-democratic activists were arrested in the largest arrest to date since the Security Act came into force, including former MPs Helena Wong , Lam Cheuk Ting and James To , former law professor Benny who was already active in organizing the 2014 umbrella movement Tai and the former chairman of the Democratic Party , Wu Chi-wai . They are accused of organizing or running an unofficial primary election for the Legislative Council in July 2020, in which more than 600,000 Hong Kong residents participated. It was part of a strategy co-developed by Benny Tai called "35 Plus", from which the opposition hoped to identify the most promising candidates in order to be able to win cross-party blocking majorities in the 70-seat Legislative Council (see section July 2020 above). This strategy is interpreted by the government as a subversion dangerous to the state and thus a violation of the security law. The chairman of the Committee on International Trade in the European Parliament, Bernd Lange , described the arrests as a violation of the spirit of the sustainability rules in the investment agreement between the EU and the People's Republic of China, which had only been agreed a few days earlier and clearly no basis for constructive cooperation.

Reactions

On October 6, 2020, a group of 39 countries including Albania, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Haiti, Honduras, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan , Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, the Republic of the Marshall Islands, Monaco, Nauru, the Kingdom of the Netherlands, New Zealand, North Macedonia, Norway, Palau, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, the United States and Germany issued a statement to denounce China for its human rights violations against ethnic minorities and for restrictions on freedom in Hong Kong.

Germany

Margarete Bause ( Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen ), Deputy Chairwoman of the German-Chinese Relations Parliamentary Group , and Gyde Jensen ( FDP ), Chairwoman of the Committee on Human Rights and Humanitarian Aid , demanded that Germany and the EU should clearly take the side of the peaceful democracy movement and also impose sanctions. You accuse Federal Foreign Minister Heiko Maas ( SPD ) and Chancellor Angela Merkel ( CDU ) of not clearly criticizing China's actions. Officials said until early July - shortly after the national security law for Hong Kong was passed - that they were “concerned” about the events and that they would “continue to express their concerns” in the “dialogue with China”. In response to the postponement of the legislative council elections, the previous expulsion of opposition candidates and the arrest of activists under the Security Act, Germany suspended the extradition agreement with Hong Kong on July 31.

United States

US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo commented on the events in November 2019

The United States has repeatedly condemned police violence and attacks on civil rights in Hong Kong. On July 14, 2020, US President Donald Trump signed the Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act to punish officials responsible for human rights abuses. This can freeze property in the US and deny entry to the United States. Penalties can also be imposed on foreign banks. US financial institutions may be prohibited from lending banks. Trump also ordered Hong Kong's preferential treatment to end. The city is treated like part of China.

Great Britain

British Prime Minister Boris Johnson stated on July 1, 2020 that the People's Republic had violated the principle of " one country, two systems " contractually stipulated in the Joint Declaration on Hong Kong with its national security law. He then announced that he would allow millions of Hong Kong residents to flee to and reside in the UK .

United Nations

The UN High Commissioner for Human Rights , Michelle Bachelet stated that security forces had put the lives of protesters at risk. Bachelet urged the Hong Kong authorities to ensure that international standards are met. The protests led some countries (such as the UK , Ireland , Canada ) to issue travel warnings or behavioral guidelines for Hong Kong.

European Union

The leader of the EPP , Manfred Weber , said, "feel that we are on their side," Hong Kong people would have. In a press release by the European Council on May 29, 2020, the EU declared the security law to be inconsistent with international law and expressed its “deep concern” about developments, but did not condemn China’s actions in a harsher way. The EU foreign policy chief Josep Borrell said that the EU wanted to stay in talks with China on the issue, but ruled out EU sanctions against China.

People's Republic of China

On August 18, 2019, the Chinese state television CCTV indirectly reinterpreted the movement on its Twitter channel by changing the quote from concentration camp inmate Martin Niemöller to: “When they blocked the streets and arrested and tortured drivers, I was silent, me wasn't a driver. When they pushed and attacked passengers and blocked access to the check-in counters, I was silent because I wasn't a passenger. When they attacked me, there was no one left to speak and protest for me. ”Previously, on August 7th, Zhang Xiaoming , director of the Beijing Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office (HKMAO), had the“ obvious characteristics ”in the protests a color revolution ". While the pro-Beijing politician Regina Ip took the view that Zhang wanted to use this expression to refer to the high proportion of very young demonstrators and the participation of religious groups, foreign observers saw the expression used repeatedly by Beijing in connection with the protests Allegation that the American secret service CIA instigated the protests.

On May 24, 2020, a few days before the adoption and entry into force of the national security law in Hong Kong, the Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi reiterated the position previously taken by China that the international criticism of China's handling of Hong Kong was an "interference in internal affairs" be. On July 1, 2020, the anniversary of the transfer of Hong Kong sovereignty to China, Zhang, now deputy director of HKMAO, described the security law as a "birthday present to [Hong Kong] that will show its precious value in the future."

Others

In July 2020, Facebook, Google and Twitter announced that the companies would no longer share data with the Hong Kong authorities while the companies evaluated the Hong Kong National Security Law imposed by the Chinese government.

See also

A so-called “ Lennon Wall ”, on which people protest in silence with posters and sticky notes and commemorate the dead demonstrators

Web links

Commons : Hong Kong Extradition Law Protests 2019  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hong Kong democrats urge leader Carrie Lam to drop extradition law plans entirely and resign; Sunday protest to proceed - Hong Kong Free Press HKFP. In: hongkongfp.com. June 15, 2019, accessed June 16, 2019 .
  2. ↑ Hong Kong: RSF and NGO coalition demand bill threatening journalists to be withdrawn | Reporters without borders. June 11, 2019, accessed on August 18, 2019 .
  3. ↑ Man-kei Tam (Amnesty International Hong Kong), Law Yuk Kai (Hong Kong Human Rights Monitor), Sophie Richardson (Human Rights Watch): OPEN LETTER REGARDING PROPOSED CHANGES TO HONG KONG'S EXTRADITION LAW. (PDF) June 6, 2019, accessed on August 18, 2019 .
  4. ↑ a b Emma Graham-Harrison, Verna Yu: Hong Kong voters deliver landslide victory for pro-democracy campaigners . In: The Guardian . November 25, 2019, ISSN  0261-3077 ( theguardian.com [accessed November 26, 2019]).
  5. ↑ Keith Bradsher, Austin Ramzy, Tiffany May: Hong Kong Election Results Give Democracy Backers Big Win . In: The New York Times . November 24, 2019, ISSN  0362-4331 ( nytimes.com [accessed November 26, 2019]).
  6. ↑ Protests in Hong Kong don't stop. Orf.at, June 15, 2019, accessed on July 14, 2019.
  7. ↑ a b c Hong Kong formally scraps extradition bill that sparked protests. BBC News, accessed October 27, 2019 .
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