Qeqertarsuatsiaat

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Qeqertarsuatsiaat (rather large islands)
Fiskenæsset (the headland of the fish)
K'eĸertarssuatsiait
Qeqertarsuatsiaat 2009
Qeqertarsuatsiaat 2009
Commune Kommuneqarfik Sermersooq
District Nuuk
Geographical location 63 ° 5 ′ 19 ″  N , 50 ° 40 ′ 39 ″  W Coordinates: 63 ° 5 ′ 19 ″  N , 50 ° 40 ′ 39 ″  W
Qeqertarsuatsiaat (Greenland)
Qeqertarsuatsiaat
Residents 169
(January 1, 2020)
founding 1754
Time zone UTC-3

Qeqertarsuatsiaat [ qɜqɜˌtːɑsːuat͡sːiˈaːtˢʰ ] (according to the old spelling K'eĸertarssuatsiait ; Danish Fiskenæsset ) is a Greenlandic settlement in the Nuuk district in the communeqarfik Sermersooq .

location

Qeqertarsuatsiaat is located on the island of Qeqertarsuatsiaq , on which the former Moravian mission station Akunnaat (Lichtenfels) is about five kilometers to the southwest . In front of the place runs the long, narrow, very rugged Qeqertarsuatsiaat Kangerluat , which cuts almost 50 km inland. Qeqertarsuatsiaat is now comparatively remote as the nearest inhabited places, Nuuk in the north and Paamiut in the south, are 131 km and 132 km away, respectively.

history

Before the colonial era

In 1605 three ships, on which the sailors John Cunningham , James Hall , John Knight and Godske Lindenov were, sailed towards Greenland on the orders of King Christian IV . Because of quarrels, Lindenov separated from the other two ships and presumably anchored in the Qeqertarsuatsiaat Kangerluat, where he traded with Inuit found there , but also kidnapped two locals to Denmark.

Qeqertarsuatsiaat as a lodge

In the middle of the 18th century, the businessman Lars Dalager recognized the need for a stopover on the long journey between the colonies of Godthaab and Frederikshaab . In 1754, the assistant in Godthaab, Anders Olsen, founded the Fiskenæsset Lodge, which he only chaired for a year before he was replaced by Johan Diderich Schade. Without colony status, the lodge was still a colonial district of its own. In 1758 the Moravians founded their mission station Lichtenfels just under five kilometers southwest of Qeqertarsuatsiaat.

During a great epidemic in 1782, the hunters in the lodge were divided to prevent the breadwinners from becoming extinct. Three hunters stayed in Qeqertarsuatsiaat, five moved to Akunnaat , six to Kangeq , six to Illorsuit , one to Umiiarmiut , three to Kangaarsuk , three to Tikisooq and one to Natsersuaq .

In the first half of the 19th century, Qeqertarsuatsiaat made a living from hunting seals , later fishing dominated, with cod being processed into stockfish and clipfish .

In the middle of the 19th century, the population in the colonial district belonged to the poorest of Greenland. In 1855, 330 of the 418 residents of the colonial district belonged to the Moravian Congregation through the mission station in Lichtenfels. Of the residents, only 90 lived in Qeqertarsuatsiaat, but 150 in Akunnaat. In the following decades the population in the colonial district almost halved.

Qeqertarsuatsiaat as Udsted

Qeqertarsuatsiaat (1893)

In 1872 the colonial district was dissolved and Qeqertarsuatsiaat became an Udsted within the colonial district of Godthaab, although officially there was still talk of a lodge.

From 1911 Qeqertarsuatsiaat was a separate community, to which the residential areas Kangerluarsussuaq , Uugarsiorfik , Akunnaat and Kangillermiut belonged. It was part of the 7th Provincial Council constituency of South Greenland.

In 1918 there were 129 Greenlanders living in Qeqertarsuatsiaat, apart from the Danish Udsteds administrator and his wife. In addition to nineteen Greenland houses, there was an apartment for the Udsteds administrator in Qeqertarsuatsiaat. It was built from wood in 1908 and had three rooms. The store was built in stone in 1846, as was a bacon house with provisions in the attic from 1852. The fish house was built in 1910 and was clad in wood. There was also a workshop, a blacksmith's shop, a goat shed and a powder house in the village. There was a 70 m² chapel. It was built in 1877/78 and was made of stone. It contained an altar with a kneeling bench, a baptismal font and a sermon chair. A church bell hung outside. The school was 25 square meters and was built in stone in 1907. In addition to the administrator, there were two colonialists, a midwife, a chief catechist, a catechist and a reader in Qeqertarsuatsiaat. The residents, which included twelve hunters and four fishermen, lived mainly from seal hunts for a long time.

A decade-long cod boom began in southwest Greenland in the 1920s and continued into the 1980s. For this reason Faroese fishermen were allowed to fish here in the fjord in 1925 . Around 1930 a pastor's apartment and a church were built. In 1948 a new school was built. Because of the good fishing grounds, almost 300 m² of fish houses were built in Qeqertarsuatsiaat, while Nuuk only had a good 200 m² in comparison. In 1952, 9,167 kg of fish were caught per hunter.

After the colonial era

From 1950 Qeqertarsuatsiaat was part of the new Nuuk community . In the 1950s and 1960s, the population of Qeqertarsuatsiaat increased sharply due to Greenland's policy of centralization, as the residents of the settlements Akunnaat, Kangillermiut, Uugarsiorfik and Kangerluarsussuaq had to move to Qeqertarsuatsiaat. In 1950 179 people lived in the village, in 1960 there were 281 and in 1970 there were 336.

The area around Qeqertarsuatsiaat is also important insofar as the place is the type locality of the two minerals sapphirine and kornerupine , which were discovered and first described here in 1819 and 1884. The rock also contains large amounts of chromite . Since 2015 rubies and pink sapphires have been mined in the Aappaluttoq mine around 20 km southeast of Qeqertarsuatsiaat .

List of colonial employees

The following sales assistants worked at the Fiskenæsset facility. In later years Udsteds administrators were temporarily entrusted with the administration.

  • 1754–1755: Anders Olsen
  • 1755–1766: Johan Diderich Schade
  • 1766–1786: Hans Henrik Raun
  • 1786–1789: Isaak Lyberth
  • 1789–1790: Johan Christian Mørch
  • 1790–1800: Hans Henrik Raun
  • 1800–1801: Nikolaj Daniel Muus
  • 1801–1803: Christian Frederik Steinlein
  • 1803–1804: Chess Carl Hiorth
  • 1804–1815: Arent Christopher Heilmann
  • 1815–1816: Frederik Christian Jacobsen (interim)
  • 1816–1824: Arent Christopher Heilmann
  • 1824–1827: Gerhard Heiberg Wolff
  • 1827–1829: Jørgen Nielsen Møller
  • 1829–1830: Johan Anton Lund
  • 1830–1833: Jørgen Nielsen Møller
  • 1833–1841: Ove Valentin Kielsen
  • 1841–1843: Andreas Christian Hammeken (interim)
  • 1843–1845: Ove Valentin Kielsen
  • 1845–1849: Henning Bistrup
  • 1849–1850: Emilius von Bülow
  • 1850–1851: Bendix Andreas Heide Tvede
  • 1851–1856: Frederik Lassen
  • 1856–1858: Andreas Christian Hammeken
  • 1858–1862: Lars Jensen
  • 1862–1863: Niels Peter Svanberg
  • 1863–1865: Halldór Ásgrímsson
  • 1865–1866: Peter Frederik Rosing
  • 1866–1869: Jonathan Mathiesen
  • 1870–1871: Jonathan Mathiesen
  • 1871–1872: Morten Smith Schønheyder
  • 1872–1873: Karnis Ingvar Smith Thaarup
  • 1874–1876: Ernst Viggo Møller
  • 1876: -0000Rasmus Müller (interim)
  • 1876–1882: Johan Frederik Holm
  • 1882–1885: Andreas Peter Rye Jørgensen
  • 1885–1886: Carl Ringsted
  • 1886: -0000Hendrik Theodor Petersen (interim)
  • 1888–1889: Hendrik Theodor Petersen (interim)
  • 1889–1891: Carl Emil Basse
  • 1895–1897: Hendrik Theodor Petersen

economy

The main source of income for the place is fishing. Since the cod stocks in the area declined, the fish factory now also processes sea ​​hare and shrimp . Seal hunting is also important .

Infrastructure and supply

The port of Qeqertarsuatsiaat (2009)

There are two port facilities in Qeqertarsuatsiaat, one in the north and one in the west of the village. The fjord is navigable all year round.

Nukissiorfiit is responsible for the electricity and water supply of Qeqertarsuatsiaat. The garbage is dumped and burned.

Development

In Qeqertarsuatsiaat there is a school, a kindergarten and a home for the elderly. A Pilersuisoq branch supplies the residents with goods. There is an infirmary for medical care. For example, sanitary facilities can be found in the service building. There is also a village office, an assembly building, a post office, a kiosk, a soccer field, a sports hall and a carpentry shop. The church is one of the buildings worth preserving in Qeqertarsuatsiaat. Another building is a listed building.

Town twinning

Sons and daughters

Population development

Qeqertarsuatsiaat is one of the larger villages in Greenland. In 1981 the population peaked when 347 people lived here. Since then, the population has fallen sharply.

Web links

Commons : Qeqertarsuatsiaat  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Map with all official place names confirmed by Oqaasileriffik , provided by Asiaq
  2. ↑ Did a recently found bird spear belong to a kidnapped Greenlander? at sciencenordic.com
  3. ↑ Louis Bobe : Beskrivelse af Distrikterne i Sydgrønland: Godthaab district. History. Fiskenæsset . In: Georg Carl Amdrup , Louis Bobé , Adolf Severin Jensen , Hans Peder Steensby (eds.): Grønland i tohundredeaaret for Hans Egedes landing (=  Meddelelser om Grønland . Volume 60-61 ). tape 2 . C. A. Reitzel Boghandel, Copenhagen 1921, p. 291 ff . ( Digitized in the Internet Archive ).
  4. ↑ a b c Qeqertarsuatsiaat in Den Store Danske
  5. ↑ Ole Bendixen : Beskrivelse af Distrikterne i Sydgrønland: Godthaab district. Bopladser i Godthaab district. Fiskenæsset boxes . In: Georg Carl Amdrup , Louis Bobé , Adolf Severin Jensen , Hans Peder Steensby (eds.): Grønland i tohundredeaaret for Hans Egedes landing (=  Meddelelser om Grønland . Volume 60-61 ). tape 2 . C. A. Reitzel Boghandel, Copenhagen 1921, p. 261 ff . ( Digitized in the Internet Archive ).
  6. ^ A b c Jens Christian Madsen: Udsteder og bopladser i Grønland 1901-2000 . Atuagkat, 2009, ISBN 978-87-90133-76-4 , pp. 81 f .
  7. ↑ a b c d e Qeqertarsuatsiaat at sermersooq2028.gl (.pdf)
  8. ↑ Qeqertarsuatsiaat at mindat.org
  9. ↑ Grønland bliver snart et mineland igen at Knr.gl
  10. ^ Hother Ostermann : Beskrivelse af Distrikterne i Sydgrønland: Godthaab District. History. Danske Embedsmænd ved Godthaab . In: Georg Carl Amdrup , Louis Bobé , Adolf Severin Jensen , Hans Peder Steensby (eds.): Grønland i tohundredeaaret for Hans Egedes landing (=  Meddelelser om Grønland . Volume 60-61 ). tape 2 . C. A. Reitzel Boghandel, Copenhagen 1921, p. 293 ff . ( Digitized in the Internet Archive ).
  11. ↑ Erilainen ystävyyskunta at jormanmaailma.fi
  12. ↑ foreningennordenfrederiksberg.dk Venskabsbyer , (Danish), accessed on July 18, 2020
  13. ↑ Population Qeqertarsuatsiaat 1977–2020 at bank.stat.gl