Roman Arkadyevich Abramovich

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Roman Abramovich (2007)

Roman Arkadjewitsch Abramovič ( Russian Роман Аркадьевич Абрамович , scientific transliteration Roman Arkad'evič Abramovič , English transcription Roman Arkadyevich Abramovich , Hebrew רומן ארקדיביץ 'אברמוביץ'; *  October 24, 1966 in Saratov ) is a Russian - Israeli oligarch and was governor of the Russian Chukotka region from 2000 to July 2008 . Abramovich is considered the richest Israeli and one of the wealthiest men in the world.

biography

Abramovich is of Jewish origin. His paternal family is from Belarus and moved to Tauragė in Lithuania after the revolution . The Lithuanian spelling of the family name is Abramavičius. Abramovich's parents lived in Syktyvkar when he was born . Roman was 18 months old when his mother died of complications from a secret abortion . When he was four years old, his father Arkadi (Hebrew Aron ) Abramowitsch (1937–1970) died in a construction accident. His grandfather Nahim (Hebrew Nahman ) Abramowitsch (1887–1942) was an entrepreneur. Nahim Abramovich was born in Eržvilkas, Tauragė District . Nahim's wife, Roman's paternal grandmother, Tauba, b. Berkover, came from Jurbarkas . Abramovich's mother was Irina Michalenko, his maternal grandfather Vasily Michalenko, and his maternal grandmother Faina Grutman. Up to the age of eight Abramovich grew up with an uncle on his father's side, Leib Abramowitsch, who was an oil engineer in Uchta , then with a second uncle, Abraham, in Moscow .

Abramowitsch studied engineering at the Moscow Gubkin Oil and Gas Institute .

After the opening of the Soviet economy in the course of perestroika , Abramowitsch founded the company "Ujut" (German: "Gemütlichkeit") as a 21-year-old student. Ujut initially made mundane things like rubber ducks and soccer balls. Abramovich's entry into the oil business began when he ran the Moscow office of the Swiss crude oil trader Runicom between 1993 and 1996 . His starting capital is said to have been 5,000 tons of heating oil , which he allegedly appropriated with the help of forged documents. Through Runicom, he handled larger oil deals with refineries, especially with the largest Russian refinery in Omsk, Siberia . Today this is the core of the Sibneft group, which Abramowitsch has meanwhile sold to the Russian energy company Gazprom.

The decisive day for Abramowitsch's rise to one of the richest men in Russia was an encounter with Boris Berezovsky in 1992 .

Abramowitsch built up a widespread corporate empire in the 1990s - initially as a partner of the oligarch Berezovsky. The holding company Millhouse Capital controlled by him owned 80% of Russia's fifth largest oil company Sibneft, 50% of the aluminum company RUSAL , 26% of the airline Aeroflot and 37.5% of the car manufacturer Ruspromawto .

Apparently under the impression of the proceedings against Mikhail Khodorkovsky , Abramovich gradually sold his shares in Russian companies. Abramowitsch's Aeroflot shares went to the Russian state in March 2003. Millhouse sold the RUSAL shares in two steps in 2003 and 2004 to the “Basowy Element” group of Oleg Deripaska . At the end of 2005, the semi-state gas company Gazprom took over a majority in Abramowitsch's oil company Sibneft and later renamed it Gazprom Neft . Even after that, Abramovich remained active as an entrepreneur in Russia. In December 2007, Millhouse became aware of a 40 percent stake in the Russian gold producer Highland Gold Mining Ltd.

For a long time Abramowitsch was considered the most important oligarch in the circle of then President Vladimir Putin . He is considered a pioneer for the change of power from ex-President Boris Yeltsin to Putin in 2000. The British authors Dominic Midgley and Chris Hutchins claim in their biography "The Billionaire Out of Nowhere" that Abramovich had all the members of the first government under Putin underwent personal examination before they were eligible for office.

Abramovich was elected governor of the Chukotka region in December 2000 and was confirmed in office in October 2005. On July 3, 2008, Russian President Dmitri Medvedev accepted Abramovich's resignation several times and dismissed him as governor. His successor was his previous deputy Roman Kopin.

At the beginning of 2008, Infrastruktura, a construction company of Abramowitsch, ordered what is currently the world's largest tunneling machine from Herrenknecht AG in order to open up a niche on the Russian infrastructure market. The device was mainly used in the construction of objects for the 2014 Winter Olympics in the Russian Black Sea resort of Sochi . Infrastructure says it expects tunnel construction contracts of several billion dollars per year.

In 2011 Boris Berezovsky sued Abramovich for $ 5.6 billion. He accused his former business partner of cheating on him in selling the Sibneft company and robbing him of his shares. Abramowitsch assured, however, that Berezovsky had no shares in the company. On August 31, 2012, Berezovsky's lawsuit was dismissed by a London court.

On July 25, 2016, Roman Abramowitsch applied for a residence permit in Switzerland. He wanted to settle in Verbier . The Federal Office of Police (Fedpol) ruled at the beginning of 2017 that Abramowitsch's presence in Switzerland should be assessed as a threat to public safety and a reputational risk for Switzerland. Abramowitsch is known to Fedpol for suspected money laundering and alleged contacts with criminal organizations. In addition, Fedpol would have various police information that Abramovich had contacts with Russian criminal organizations. The origin of his fortune was believed to be at least partially illegal. Abramowitsch contacted the Fedpol director, but the Swiss authorities stuck to their assessment. When he learned that the Tages-Anzeiger wanted to report on the events surrounding his application, Abramowitsch first sued the Zurich commercial court, where it failed, and then the federal court . The judges dismissed his complaint in September 2018.

After the British government introduced stricter controls over the financial background of investors in the wake of the attempted murder of Sergei Skripal , Abramovich withdrew his application for an extension of his residence permit in Great Britain.

He settled in Israel . Israeli media reported that he had bought a property in Tel Aviv in 2017 . He received Israeli citizenship at the end of May 2018; As a child of Jewish parents, he is entitled to an Israeli passport under the Return Act. As an Israeli citizen, unlike Russian citizens, he does not need a visa to visit the European Union. If he wanted to work or live in the UK he would have to apply for a UK visa again and undergo stricter controls on the origin of his assets.

capital

According to the business magazine Forbes, Abramovich had an estimated net worth of US $ 10.2 billion in 2013 , making him 13th among the richest people in Russia and 107th richest person ( list of the richest people in the world ). As a result of the financial crisis from 2007 onwards , he lost a large part of his assets. His fortune declined from an estimated $ 23.5 billion to $ 3.3 billion at the time.

On the Forbes 2015 list, Roman Abramovich's fortune is given at around 9.1 billion US dollars. This puts him in 137th place on Forbes' list of the richest people in the world. In 2018, he was the richest Israeli at an estimated $ 10.8 billion.

Possessions

The Pelorus for maintenance in the Blohm & Voss shipyard, Hamburg
The yacht Eclipse
Abramovich's B767 P4MES
Château de la Croë in Cap d'Antibes

In 2003 Abramowitsch bought the English football club Chelsea FC for 210 million euros . By 2008, he had invested an estimated 764 million euros in the club, mainly for transfer fees and salaries. He can often be seen at Stamford Bridge , but also sometimes visits Chelsea FC's away games, for example in the Champions League . His club won this for the first time in the 2011/12 season against FC Bayern Munich in the final.

Abramovich is not allowed to work in the UK because of problems with his visa. Also worried about further American sanctions against Russian oligarchs, he is considering selling his football club. According to media reports, he hired Bank Raine Group in New York to advise him in preparation for a full or partial sale of Chelsea FC. He turned down offers of $ 2.3 billion.

In addition, through his minority stake in Sibneft, he has a small stake in the Russian club CSKA Moscow . He was also able to persuade the successful Dutch coach Guus Hiddink to coach Russia from 2006 (until 2010).

Abramowitsch is, among other things, the owner of three yachts: The construction of the mega yacht Pelorus at the Lürssen shipyard in Bremen-Vegesack / Lemwerder , which was previously commissioned by the Saudi statesman Al Sheik Modhassan, cost 254 million euros. In 2004, a conversion costing 12 million euros followed, followed by repainting (distinctive: hull sand-colored, body pure white) at the Hamburg shipyard Blohm + Voss . With a length of 115 meters, she ranks 21st among the largest yachts in the world (as of May 11, 2012), directly followed by Abramowitsch's 108.3 meter long yacht Le Grand Bleu , which he sold to his friend Yevgeny Schwidler in June 2006 Has. He also owns the 85.95 meter long L'Ecstasea , built in 2001 by Feadship-Royal van Lent. In 2012 it was in 29th place in the superyacht ranking (measured by length) and achieved a top speed of 36 knots with a General Electric LM2500 gas turbine and two diesel engines. After the sale of Le Grand Bleu , Abramowitsch acquired a new mega yacht: the Eclipse was built by Blohm + Voss. With a length of 162.5 meters, the yacht was the second largest yacht in the world at the time . Abramowitsch also owns the almost 50 m long yacht Sussurro and two submarines, which he bought for 16.9 and 3.9 million euros. The maintenance costs of this amount to around 1.3 million euros annually.

Abramowitsch bought the Leitenschlössl in Garmisch-Partenkirchen and had it renovated, expanded and artistically designed from 1999 to 2002. He has owned the Château de la Croë near Antibes since 2004 , which has since been extensively renovated. In 2006 he acquired the Waldschlössl in Burgau am Attersee .

In 2008 he bought the paintings by Francis Bacon Triptych (1976) for 57.2 million euros, and Benefits Supervisor Sleeping (1995) by Lucian Freud for 22.36 million euros. Abramowitsch's then girlfriend Darja Schukowa opened the Garage Museum of Contemporary Art in Moscow in September 2008 .

family

Abramowitsch was married to his wife Olga from 1987 until the divorce in 1989, who brought a child into the marriage. From 1991 to March 2007 he was with his wife Irina, a former Aeroflot - stewardess married, with whom he has five children. He has two children with his former partner Darja Schukowa . The first was born on December 4, 2009 in Los Angeles , the second on April 15, 2013 in New York . On August 7, 2017, the couple announced their separation.

Trivia

The character Uri Omovich in the Guy Ritchie film Rock N Rolla is modeled on him.

literature

  • Dominic Midgley: The Billionaire Out of Nowhere - Roman Abramovich . Biography. Murmann-Verlag, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-938017-30-9 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ ↑ Геноцид жителей Литвы 1939–1941. - Вильнюс: Центр исследования геноцида и резистенции жителей Литвы, 1999. - С. 78-79.
  2. ↑ ↑ Родовое гнездо Абрамовича нашлось в Литве // - Радио Свобода, 2010
  3. ↑ Litvak SIG (Lithuanian Jewish Special Interest Group Database - https://www.litvaksig.org/ ) Lithuania Marriage and Divorces, Record from Taurage Raseinai Kaunas, August 20th 1925, LVIA / 1817/1/322
  4. ↑ ↑ Неизвестные страницы жизни Романа Абрамовича КП - Саратов
  5. ↑ Russia: Medvedev dismisses billionaire Abramovich as governor - Spiegel online
  6. ↑ Judges reject lawsuit against Abramowitsch , Spiegel Online , August 31, 2012, accessed on September 3, 2012.
  7. ↑ Fedpol sees Abramowitsch as a threat to Switzerland . In: Tagesanzeiger , September 25, 2018.
  8. ↑ a b c d Roman Abramovich posed threat to public security, Swiss police said . In: The Guardian , September 25, 2018.
  9. ↑ Why Abramovich has to wait for his British visa . In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung , May 22, 2018.
  10. ↑ The new passport makes the oligarch the richest Israeli . In: Welt Online , May 29, 2018.
  11. ↑ The Russian oligarch Abramovich becomes Israeli. In: www.nzz.ch. May 28, 2018. Retrieved May 28, 2018 .
  12. ↑ Envy me, I am a citizen! , Novaya Gazeta, June 1, 2018
  13. ↑ Forbes.com - The World's Richest People (English)
  14. ↑ Forbes: List of Billionaires
  15. ↑ Chelsea owner Abramovich immigrates to Israel, becomes country's richest citizen . Retrieved May 28, 2018.
  16. ↑ Abramowitsch invests 764 million euros in Chelsea
  17. ↑ Has Anyone Seen Roman Abramovich? The Last Days of Londongrad . In: Bloomberg , September 25, 2018.
  18. ↑ Abramovich tries to make Russia afloat . welt.de
  19. ↑ Yacht Top200 ( Memento of the original from December 22, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on superyacht.de (boote-exclusiv.com). @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.boote-exclusiv.com
  20. ↑ Half a billion for a villa . In: Tagesspiegel , accessed March 4, 2012
  21. ↑ The richest Russian wants a castle on the Attersee: Waldschlössel for Roman Abramowitsch. In: news.at, December 15, 2006.
  22. ↑ Roman Abramowitsch is expecting a seventh child ( memento of the original from April 16, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. // Voice of Russia December 26, 2012, 9:31 pm @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / de.sputniknews.com
  23. ↑ Russian oligarch: Roman Abramowitsch separates from third wife. In: Spiegel Online . August 7, 2017. Retrieved June 9, 2018 .
  24. ↑ The world

Web links

Commons : Roman Abramovich  - collection of images, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Abramowitsch, Roman Arkadjewitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Abramovič, Roman Arkad'evič (scientific transliteration); Абрамович, Роман Аркадьевич (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian-Israeli oil entrepreneur and former governor of the Chukotka region
DATE OF BIRTH October 24, 1966
PLACE OF BIRTH Saratov , Soviet Union