Russian national orchestra

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Russian National Orchestra (2017)

The Russian National Orchestra (RNO) ( Russian Российский Национальный Оркестр international Russian National Orchestra, previously Russian Российским национальным симфоническим оркестром, РНСО ) was established in 1990 as one of the first non-state symphony orchestra in post-Soviet Russia by Mikhail Pletnev founded under the name Russian National Symphony Orchestra. In 1994 it was renamed the Russian National Orchestra.

The orchestra is based in Moscow and has no permanent venue. It received a Grammy Award for the first time in Russian orchestral history and was named one of the 20 best orchestras in the world by the British music magazine Gramophone in 2008 . The orchestra is the recipient of the European Orchestra Prize .

founding

In the fall of 1990, Mikhail Pletnjow used the opportunity created by Gorbachev's policy of perestroika to found an orchestra independent of the state. When asked why, Pletnjow said that the decision would consist of many components: “Sometimes I think it was just a happy coincidence. Sometimes I think it was my destiny Sometimes I think it was a political imperative. Sometimes I think it was the result of my own selfish intentions. The truth is - all these things. ”On the one hand, Pletnjow always wanted an orchestra, on the other hand, he was approached by Moscow musicians who wanted more artistic freedom in favor of the monetary security of a job in a state orchestra. Pletnjow summarized: “Until 1989 the music world was dark. [...] We just wanted an orchestra that is free from the Goskonzert and the KGB. ”The term national in the orchestra name was chosen deliberately in order to distinguish itself from the state orchestras.

In October, the orchestra rehearsals of the musicians who previously belonged to the Bolshoi Theater Orchestra , the Moscow Philharmonic Orchestra and the Moscow Chamber Orchestra began, and on November 16, 1990, the RNO went public for the first time in Moscow.

International recognition

The successful debut concert of the RNO in November 1990 received international attention and the orchestra immediately received a record deal from the Virgin Classis label, which operates under the Virgin Group . The first recording - Tchaikovsky's Pathétique - received overwhelming reviews. The Gramophone judged, "Is it possible that common mortals can play like this?"

In June 1991 the RNO made its debut in Germany - Ivo Pogorelich had hired the orchestra at short notice for his festival in Bad Wörishofen. This was followed by tours through Italy, Spain and Israel. The RNO was the first Russian orchestra to perform in a private audience in front of John Paul II in the Vatican and to give concerts in Israel after diplomatic relations were resumed . In January 1993 the orchestra played for the first time in the United States. In November 1993, the RNO became the exclusive partner of Deutsche Grammophon , for which it recorded 70 records by 2012.

In 1996 the RNO gave its first concert at the London Proms in the Royal Albert Hall , in 1997 the orchestra made its debut at the Philharmonie Berlin and in spring 1998 at Carnegie Hall in New York. In 2005 the orchestra, under Kent Nagano 's baton, received a Grammy Award in the Best Spoken Album for Children category for the recording of Prokofiev's Peter and the Wolf, and in 2015 it received a Grammy Award nomination for the Leningrad Symphony by Shostakovich under the baton of Paavo Järvi in the category Best Surround Sound Album .

Conductors

Mikhail Pletnyov (2017)

In 1999 Pletnjow retired as chief conductor of the RNO, became honorary conductor of the orchestra and handed over the position of general music director to Vladimir Spivakov . When he resigned in September 2002 and, with Vladimir Putin's support, founded the State Russian National Philharmonic, which was joined by 31 RNO members, Pletnjow returned as artistic director and headed the RNO together with a conducting college consisting of Kent Nagano, Paavo Berglund , Christian Gansch , Wladimir Jurowski and Alexander Wedernikow. In 2006 Pletnjow took over the general music direction again, from 2006 to 2011 Jurowski was the orchestra's principal guest conductor.

Over the years, a large number of guest conductors have performed with the RNO and in some cases made recordings, among them Alain Altinoglu , Boris Beresowski , Leon Botstein , Charles Dutoit , Mark Elder , Christoph Eschenbach , Claus Peter Flor , Jakub Hrůša , Paavo Järvi, Kirill Karabits , Yakov Kreizberg , Ingo Metzmacher , Christoph-Mathias Mueller , Riccardo Muti , Andris Nelsons , Alondra de la Parra , Antonio Pappano , Itzhak Perlman , Wassili Petrenko , Carlo Ponti jr. , Julian Rachlin , Gennadi Roschdestwenski , Gerard Schwarz , Rodion Schtschedrin , Leonard Slatkin , Marc Tardue , Michael Tilson Thomas , Alberto Zedda , Nikolaj Znaider , Pinchas Zukerman and others.

financing

The orchestra was initially financed by Russian sponsors, later also by the Russian Arts Foundation - whose board of trustees also included Helmut Schmidt and Edward Heath . The US non-profit foundation was set up by Richard P. Walker, General Manager of the RNO, in 1992 to promote cultural exchange and mutual understanding between Russia, the United States and other countries through the financial support of the RNO.

Due to the global financial crisis , sponsors limited their financial commitment. The RNO, dependent on these third-party funds, faced economic failure in 2008 and its existence was in jeopardy. The orchestra gave up its independence in 2009, submitted to the Ministry of Culture and has been financed by the state ever since. The RNO has received additional funding since 2006 from the Mikhail Pletnjow Foundation for the Promotion of National Culture , since 2008 from the Mikhail Prokhorov Foundation , and from companies and individuals.

present

Concertmaster Alexei Bruni (2017)

Since it was founded, the RNO has been touring Europe, the United States and Asia annually and has opened the concert season in Moscow since 2009 with the internationally acclaimed RNO Grand Festival. The orchestra's record label is the Dutch PentaTone classics, distributed by Naxos .

Alexei Bruni has been concertmaster of the symphony orchestra and a member of the RNO string quartet since it was founded . The orchestra's chamber music ensembles also include the RNO string quintet, the RNO wind quintet, the four strings , the RNO percussion ensemble and the RNO brass quintet.

Since 1998 the orchestra's rehearsal location has been the rented Orchestrion, a former cinema converted into a concert hall in the Moscow district of Cheryomushki.

Recordings (selection)

Awards (selection)

Prices

  • 2003: Grammy Award nomination for the recording of Prokofiev and Rachmaninoff's third piano concertos in the category of best solo instrument performance with orchestra .
  • 2004: Grammy Award for Best Spoken Album for Children for Prokofiev Peter and the Wolf and Beintus' Wolf Traks.
  • 2009: BBC Music Magazine Month's Choices for Shostakovich's 15th Symphony and Hamlet.
  • 2015: Diapason d'or in September in the Le Coin des Collectionneurs category for Shostakovich's 7th Symphony.
  • 2015: Diapason d'or de l'année for Paavo Järvi, among others for Shostakovich's 7th Symphony.
  • 2016: Grammy Award nomination for Shostakovich's 7th Symphony in the category Best Spatial Sound Album .

Honors

  • 1995: Mention of the debut recording with works by Tchaikovsky's Pathétique and the Slavonic March, Virgin Classics 1992, in the gramophone list The 100 Greatest Classical Recordings of All Time .
  • 2005: European Orchestra Prize from the European Cultural Foundation Pro Europa
  • 2008: Voted among the 20 best orchestras in the world by an international committee of renowned music critics.

Web links

Commons : Russian National Orchestra  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Julia Rachajewa: Фальшивая музыка высших сфер. Izvestia , April 13, 2003, accessed July 3, 2019 (Russian).
  2. ↑ a b Jessica Duchen: The quiet riot. The Guardian , May 16, 2000, accessed September 16, 2018 .
  3. ^ Michael Church: Classical Music: The romantic revolutionary. The Independent , October 4, 1996, accessed November 14, 2018 (English): “Sometimes I think it was just a happy coincidence. Sometimes I think it was my destiny. Sometimes I think it was political necessity. Sometimes I think it was a result of my own egoistic intentions. The truth is - all of these things "
  4. ^ Theodoor H. Adams: Privatization and Culture. Experiences in the Arts, Heritage and Cultural Industries in Europe . Ed .: Peter B. Boorsma, Annemoon van Hemel, Niki van der Wielen. Springer Science + Business Media , 1998 ( full text in the Google book search).
  5. ^ Daniel Jaffé: Historical Dictionary of Russian Music . Scarecrow Press, 2012 ( full text in Google Book Search).
  6. ^ Gregor Willmes: Mikhail Pletnev: An orchestra is like a child. Fono Forum , issue 8/1998, page 26.
  7. ^ Greg Sandow: Sounds Like Freedom. Los Angeles Times , April 5, 1998, accessed September 16, 2018 : "Should human beings be able to play like this?"
  8. ↑ Kenneth Herman: Russian Virtuoso Capitalizes on Glasnost to Found Orchestra. Los Angeles Times , March 7, 1993, accessed September 15, 2018 .
  9. ^ Robert Cowan: Orchestrating a Russian revival: Pianist-turned-conductor Mikhail Pletnev runs the only private orchestra in post-Soviet Russia. The Independent , March 6, 1994, accessed September 15, 2018 .
  10. ^ Georg Sandow: Sounds like Freedom. Gregsandow.com, accessed September 22, 2018 .
  11. ↑ Allan Kozinn : A Surprise From Tchaikovsky Russian capitalists. The New York Times , February 19, 2001, accessed September 15, 2018 .
  12. ^ George Loomis: The battle of the orchestras in Moscow. The New York Times , November 18, 2003, accessed September 22, 2018 .
  13. ↑ Vadim Prokhorov: Batons at dawn. How Vladimir Putin started a war between two of Russia's leading orchestras. The Guardian , March 18, 2004, accessed September 15, 2018 .
  14. ^ Ben Mattison: Russian National Orchestra Reverses Course, Retains Pletnev as Artistic Director. Playbill , July 21, 2005, accessed October 12, 2018 .
  15. ↑ Conductors. Russian National Orchestra, accessed September 18, 2018 .
  16. ↑ Julija Bederowa: Настройка на вертикаль. Moskowskije Novosti , May 6, 2011, accessed August 10, 2019 (Russian).
  17. ^ Russian Arts Foundation. Russian Arts Foundation, accessed July 28, 2018 .
  18. ^ Ilya Stephan: Moscow suffering. Die Welt , December 1, 2013, accessed September 15, 2018 .
  19. ^ Russian Arts Foundation. Guide Star, accessed on September 16, 2018 .
  20. ↑ Ekaterina Biryukova: РНО Михаила Плетнева на грани катастрофы? Colta.ru., October 20, 2008, accessed September 22, 2018 (Russian).
  21. ↑ Постановление Правительства Российской Федерации от 15 апреля 2010 г. N 247 г. Москва "О государственной поддержке ведущих профессиональных коллективов симфоническовов симфоничесрового и акадерского". Rossijskaja gaseta , April 20, 2010, accessed July 28, 2018 (in Russian).
  22. ↑ Mikhail Pletnev asks Putin for more money for his orchestra. Pizzicato - Remy Franck's Journal, May 25, 2015, accessed July 28, 2018 .
  23. ↑ Распоряжение Правительства Российской Федерации от 14 декабря 2006 г. N 1731-р г. Москв. Rossijskaja gaseta , December 19, 2006, accessed July 28, 2018 (Russian).
  24. ↑ a b Jelena Konovalova: Михаил Плетнев: "Мы сами спонсируем государство". Newslab.ru, January 14, 2008, accessed September 22, 2018 (Russian).
  25. ^ Chamber ensembles. Russian National Orchestra, accessed September 16, 2018 .
  26. ↑ ОРКЕСТРИОН, концертно-репетиционный зал фонда Российского национального оркестра. MosGid.ru, accessed September 22, 2018 (Russian).
  27. ↑ Mikhail Pletnev. National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences , accessed July 28, 2018 .
  28. ↑ BBC Music Magazine (Ed.): BBC Music Magazine Choices. Immediate Media Company, London, August 2009.
  29. ↑ Diapason 638 - sept 2015. Diapason, accessed on July 28, 2018 (French).
  30. ^ Paul Chevalier: Disques: Découvrez le palmarès des Diapason d'or de l'année 2015! Diapason, December 18, 2015, accessed on July 28, 2018 (French).
  31. ↑ Gramophone (Ed.): 100 Classical Gramophone: The 100 Greatest Classical Recordings of All Time. General Gramophone Publications, London 1995, ISBN 978-0-902470-66-8 .
  32. ^ The world's greatest orchestras. Gramophone , 2008, accessed July 28, 2018 .