Santiago de los Caballeros

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Santiago de los Treinta Caballeros
Coordinates: 19 ° 27 ′  N , 70 ° 42 ′  W
Map: Dominican Republic
marker
Santiago de los Treinta Caballeros​
Location of Santiago in the Dominican Republic
Basic data
Country Dominican Republic
province Santiago
City foundation 1495
Residents 592,085  (2010)
- in the metropolitan area 963.422
City insignia
Sello de Santiago RD.jpg
Flag of None.svg
Detailed data
surface 75 km 2
Population density 7,894 inhabitants / km 2
height 178  m
Time zone UTC −4
Santiago de los Caballeros
Santiago de los Caballeros

Santiago de los Caballeros is a city in the north of the Dominican Republic and with 592,085 inhabitants (as of 2010) the second largest city in the country after Santo Domingo .

geography

Santiago de los Caballeros is the capital of the province of the same name in the fertile Cibao Valley in the north of the Dominican Republic.

climate

The average temperature is 26.0 ° C, the annual precipitation 1,021 millimeters.

Santiago
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.
 
 
50
 
29
18th
 
 
48
 
29
18th
 
 
59
 
30th
19th
 
 
104
 
31
20th
 
 
151
 
32
21st
 
 
68
 
33
22nd
 
 
56
 
33
22nd
 
 
73
 
33
22nd
 
 
97
 
33
22nd
 
 
110
 
32
22nd
 
 
126
 
30th
20th
 
 
80
 
29
19th
Temperature in ° C ,  precipitation in mm
Source: Oficina Nacional de Meteorología (ONAMET)
Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Santiago
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max. Temperature ( ° C ) 28.8 29.4 30.4 31.2 31.8 32.9 33.0 33.2 33.3 32.4 30.3 28.7 O 31.3
Min. Temperature (° C) 18.2 18.4 19.0 19.9 21.2 22.1 22.2 22.2 21.9 21.5 20.2 18.7 O 20.5
Precipitation ( mm ) 49.8 47.7 59.2 104.4 151.2 67.6 55.9 73.1 96.8 109.7 125.6 80.2 Σ 1,021.2
Rainy days ( d ) 7.8 6.6 6.2 8.3 10.7 6.0 7.6 8.3 8.7 9.1 11.0 10.2 Σ 100.5
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
28.8
18.2
29.4
18.4
30.4
19.0
31.2
19.9
31.8
21.2
32.9
22.1
33.0
22.2
33.2
22.2
33.3
21.9
32.4
21.5
30.3
20.2
28.7
18.7
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
N
i
e
d
e
r
s
c
h
l
a
g 		49.8
47.7
59.2
104.4
151.2
67.6
55.9
73.1
96.8
109.7
125.6
80.2
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

history

During his second trip to America in 1495, Christopher Columbus had a fortress built on the north bank of the Yaque del Norte River , around which the Spanish colony Jacagua was founded. In 1504 the Spanish governor Nicolás de Ovando moved the settlement a few kilometers further north to the area of ​​today's Jacagua. In the same year, 30 Spanish nobles (Caballeros) of the Order of St. James from nearby La Isabela settled in Jacagua. This was the reason to call the city from now on Santiago de los Caballeros (English short form "James"). In 1508 the Spanish King Ferdinand II gave the city its coat of arms, which shows seven red and five white scallops .

After being destroyed by a severe earthquake in 1562, the city was rebuilt at its former place of foundation. The French pirate Fernand de la Fleur had Santiago looted and burned down in 1660. During the King Williams War , Santiago successfully defended itself against French troops at the Battle of Lemonade in 1690. In 1775 and 1783, another two earthquakes caused damage. In the conflict between Haiti and the Spanish part of Hispaniola , Santiago was sacked and destroyed by Haitian troops in 1805, and most of the inhabitants were killed. From 1822 to 1844 Santiago was occupied by Haiti before it was liberated by the troops of the now independent Dominican Republic in the Battle of Santiago on March 30, 1844. During the renewed Spanish colonial rule from 1861 to 1865, Santiago was a focus of the independence movement. With the destruction of Santiago by Spanish troops on September 6, 1863, the Dominican War of Restoration began. In the following two years, up to the final independence from Spain, Santiago was proclaimed the capital.

The city's economic boom began with independence, boosted by the cultivation of tobacco and sugar cane and the construction of the railway connection to the nearby port of Puerto Plata . With the production of furniture, pharmaceutical and leather goods, new branches of industry settled. In 1915 the Society for Water and Electricity started operations. In the 1960s, the population of Santiago tripled. In 1962 the Catholic University began teaching. With the opening of the motorway to Santo Domingo and its own airport (2002), tourism also became an important source of income for the city. Santiago has been the seat of the diocese since 1953 and the seat of the Archdiocese of Santiago de los Caballeros since 1994 .

economy

The city is the most important economic center in the north of the Dominican Republic, the center of the Dominican tobacco industry and the seat of several universities and colleges .

The international airport Cibao (STI) does not yet offer any direct connections to Europe due to its length of runway. However, it is planned to start such flights with aircraft of the type B767 or A340.

Others

With the (private) "Hospital Metropolitano de Santiago (HOMS)", Santiago has a hospital that is considered one of the best and most modern hospitals in Latin America and the Caribbean. It has 400 beds, 16 operating theaters, several intensive care units (also specializing in newborns and children) and around 300 doctors.

For years the administration of Santiago has endeavored to transform Santiago into a modern, "hip" metropolis based on the model of cities like Berlin or Barcelona. In the center and the districts directly connected to the center of Santiago, many houses have been painted by artists as part of these efforts. In some streets (for example in the Los Pepines district) every house is really a small work of art.

sons and daughters of the town

literature

Web links

Commons : Santiago de los Caballeros  - Collection of images, videos and audio files