Scarborough (Maine)

Scarborough
Portland Railroad Station
Location in Maine
Scarborough
Basic data
Foundation :	July 14, 1658
State :	United States
State :	Maine
County :	Cumberland County
Coordinates :	43 ° 34 ′  N , 70 ° 20 ′  W Coordinates: 43 ° 34 ′  N , 70 ° 20 ′  W
Time zone :	Eastern ( UTC − 5 / −4 )
Residents :	18,919 (as of 2010)
Population density :	153.4 inhabitants per km 2
Area :	182.9 km 2  (approx. 71 mi 2 ) of which 123.3 km 2  (approx. 48 mi 2 ) is land
Height :	6 m
Postal code :	04074
FIPS :	23-66145
GNIS ID :	00582714
Website :	www.scarboroughmaine.org

Scarborough is a town in Cumberland County in the state of Maine in the United States . In 2010 there were 18,919 inhabitants in 8,617 households on an area of ​​182.9 km².

geography

According to the United States Census Bureau , the place has a total area of ​​182.9 km², of which 123.3 km² are land and 59.6 km² are made up of water .

Geographical location

Scarborough is the southernmost town in Cumberland County. To the east, the town is bordered by the Spurwink River and Saco Bay of the Atlantic Ocean . The area of ​​the town is almost square. Several smaller rivers run through the town, all of which flow into the Atlantic Ocean. There are few small lakes in Scarborough. The surface is flat, without any significant elevations.

Neighboring communities

All distances are given as straight lines between the official coordinates of the places from the 2010 census.

• North: Westbrook , 3.4 miles
• Northeast: South Portland , 3.6 mi
• East: Cape Elizabeth , 9 miles
• Southwest: Saco , York County , 6 mi
• West: Buxton , York County, 14 mi
• Northwest: Gorham , 15.3 km

City structure

There are several settlements in Scarborough: Black Point , Blue Point , Eight Corners , Grand Beach , Higgins Beach , North Scarborough (North Scarboro; formerly Coal Kiln Corner, or Coal Kiln Corners), Oak Hill , Pine Point , Pleasant Hill , Prouts Neck , Rigby , Scarborough (Scarboro), West Scarborough (West Scarboro), Dunstan , Dunstan Corners , (Dunstan's Corner) and West Scarboro Station (former railway station).

climate

The mean mean temperature in Scarborough is between −7.8 ° C (18 ° Fahrenheit ) in January and 20.0 ° C (68 ° Fahrenheit) in July. This means that the place is around 9 degrees cooler than the long-term average in the USA. The snowfalls between October and May are up to two and a half meters, more than twice as high as the average snow depth in the USA; the daily sunshine duration is at the lower end of the range in the USA.

history

The first settlement by European settlers took place around 1630 through Stratton, on some islands that later bore his name. The land was given by the Massachusetts Bay Colony as a grant to Captain Thomas Cammock, a nephew of the Earl of Warwick . Scarbourough became a town in 1658 and was named after the town of Scarborough in England. The town comprised the areas of Black Point, Blue Point and Strattons Island and reached back about 8 miles from the coast. The Indian name of the area was Owascoag . This meant space with a lot of grass .

The colonization of Scarborough was one of the first to occur on the New England coast. John Jocelyn, writer, botanist and English nobleman, arrived in Scarborough in 1663 to visit his brother Henry Jocelyn, who lived on Prouts Neck. That visit lasted eight years. His writings offer one of the best stories of the time. He wrote of the province of Maine that it had many judges, winemakers, and planters, but very, very few skilled artisans.

At the beginning of the First Indian War, the Abenaki carried out an attack on Captain Scottow's garrison on a cliff and captured it. After that, the residents initially gave up this area again. In 1677 about two hundred Indians and about forty English soldiers met at Black Point under Capitain Benjamin Swett. The English soldiers reached Black Point by ship. Together with some of the residents, around ninety people, they faced the Indians. They were lured into a trap by the Indians and all but thirty died, including Capitain Swett.

A fortress was built at Black Point in 1681, but the residents were so scarred by the Indian attacks that Scarborough was completely abandoned by 1690. After peace negotiations by the Province of Massachusetts Bay in 1699 with the Abenaki, a repopulation followed in 1702 by a small group of seven people who reached Scarborough from Lynn in a sloop. The peace did not last long, as early as August 1703 they were attacked by 500 French soldiers and Indians under Sir Beaubarin, who made a sudden sortie along the coast of Casco Wells. Scarborough fort was only occupied by a small group of 7 people from Lynn. The demand for surrender was not complied with and the enemy surrounded the fort. They began to dig a tunnel under the ramparts. Before the fort could be captured, heavy rain set in, the tunnel collapsed and the attackers were exposed to fire from the garrison. They escaped to find an easier destination for themselves. Since then, the settlement has flourished, even if there were occasional raids by the Indians.

When the demand for sawn timber increased after the Peace of 1749, about a dozen sawmills were built. Scarborough heeded the call of the Continental Congress and after the Battle of Lexington they sent 50 men to Cambridge. Many of the Scarborough residents were also involved in the fighting against the British at Castine in 1779. The second church was organized in 1734 by Richard Elvin from Salem . Elvin, a baker by profession, converted under the influence of the sermons of George Whitefield , became the first priest of that ward.

Population development

Census Results - Town of Scarborough, Maine
year	1800	1810	1820	1830	1840	1850	1860	1870	1880	1890
Residents	2099	2094	2232	2106	2172	1837	1807	1692	1847	1794
year	1900	1910	1920	1930	1940	1950	1960	1970	1980	1990
Residents	1865	1945	1832	2445	2842	4600	6418	7845	11347	12518
year	2000	2010	2020	2030	2040	2050	2060	2070	2080	2090
Residents	16970	18919

Culture and sights

Buildings

Portland RR Co 1911

Five buildings are listed and listed on the National Register of Historic Places .

• Dunstan Methodist Episcopal Church , recorded 1989, register no. 89000839
• Winslow Homer Studio , recorded in 1966, register no. 66000092
• Richard Hunniwell House , recorded in 1976, register no. 76000093
• Portland Railroad Company Substation , incorporated in 1991, Register No. 91000320
• Scarborough High School , incorporated in 2007, Register No. 07000595

Parks

In the south of Scarborough, on the Prouts Neck peninsula, there is Scarborough Beach State Park , which is best known for its good bathing opportunities.

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

The Interstate 95 runs from southwest to northeast through the Town. It connects Scarborough with Boston in the south with Augusta in the north. US Highway 1 runs parallel to the interstate .

Public facilities

There are several medical facilities in Scarborough. The Scarborough Public Library came into being in the early 20th century after seven Scarborough residents found the Scarboro Public Library Corporation in 1899 .

education

Schooling in the town is organized by the Scarborough Public Schools .

The following schools are available:

• Scarborough High School (Grades 9-12)
• Scarborough Middle School (Grades 6 through 8)
• Wentworth School (Grades 3 through 5)
• Pleasant Hill Primary School (Grades K to 2)
• Blue Point Primary School (grades K to 2)
• Eight Corners Primary School (Grades K to 2)
• Scarborough Adult Learning Center

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

• Cyrus King (1772-1817), politician
• Rufus King (1755-1827), politician
• William King (1786-1852), politician
• Brian Welch (* 1984), ski jumper

Personalities who have worked on site

• Bob Crewe (1930–2014), songwriter, musician, record producer, label owner and artist
• Winslow Homer (1836-1910), painter
• John C. Houbolt (1919–2014), aircraft engineer

Web links

Commons : Scarborough, Maine  - Collection of pictures, videos, and audio files

• Homepage of Scarborough
• Scarborough administrative records on the official Maine State websites

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Scarborough in the United States Geological Survey's Geographic Names Information System , accessed March 18, 2018
2. ↑ Maine 2010 Census Results ; official publication of the Census Authority, (English; PDF; 32.5 MB)
3. ↑ ^{a b c d} History of Scarborough, Maine From A Gazetteer of the State of Maine by Geo. J. Varney edited by BB Russell, 57 Cornhill, Boston 1886
4. ↑ Coordinates of the locations of the Census Authority 2010
5. ^ Scarborough, Cumberland County | Maine Genealogy. In: mainegenealogy.net. Retrieved March 18, 2018 . 
6. ↑ ^{a b} Scarborough, Maine (ME 04074) profile: population, maps, real estate, averages, homes, statistics, relocation, travel, jobs, hospitals, schools, crime, moving, houses, news, sex offenders. In: city-data.com. www.city-data.com, accessed on March 18, 2018 (English). 
7. ^ About our town ( memento of October 13, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) from the Scarbourough homepage
8. ^ A History and Description of New England, General and Local by Austin Jacobs Coolidge, John Brainard Mansfield Issue 1, Boston 1859
9. ↑ Population 1800–2010 according to census results
10. ^ Scarborough Beach State Park, a Maine park located near Biddeford, Falmouth and Gorham. In: stateparks.com. Retrieved March 19, 2018 . 
11. ^ Scarborough Public Library | Imagine. Discover. Connect. In: scarboroughlibrary.org. Accessed March 19, 2018 (English). 
12. ^ Scarborough Public Schools. In: scarboroughschools.org. Retrieved March 19, 2018 .