Schwarzmühle (Weismain)

Schwarzmühle City of Weismain
Coordinates :	50 ° 2 '  N , 11 ° 12'  E
Height :	398 m
Residents :	1  (2018)
Incorporation :	January 1, 1978
Incorporated into:	Weismain
Postal code :	96260
Area code :	09504

Schwarzmühle
Jewelery side of the Schwarzmühle. In the foreground: Weismain with stone bridge
Location and history
Coordinates	50 ° 1 '35 "  N , 11 ° 11' 56"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 1 '35 "  N , 11 ° 11' 56"  E
Location	Germany  Bavaria Weismain - Kleinziegenfelder Tal
Waters	Weismain
Built	1728, on the previous building
Shut down	1930
Status	Mill technology removed and building converted into a private residence
technology
use	Flour mill
Grinder	Formerly two grain meal courses
drive	Watermill
water wheel	Until 1930 two undershot water wheels

The Schwarzmühle (formerly also Untere Mühle ) is a former grain mill in the Kleinziegenfelder Valley and an officially named part of the municipality of Weismain .
The building of the former mill is listed as a protected monument at the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation under monument number D-4-78-176-139 .

history

History of construction and use

The Schwarzmühle around 1940. To the right of the mill you can see the sawmill that was demolished in the 1950s

It is unclear when the first mill was built at this point on the Weismain in the valley floor east of Großziegenfeld . The mill was first mentioned in 1617 as the "Vnter Mühl", with the miller Hans Sterzer. It was a predecessor of the mill building that is still standing today. The adjective "under" refers to the position located further downstream of the mill, compared to the also for patrimonial Kleinziegenfeld associated Stoffel mill . The name “Unter Mühl” was passed down from 1657 and “Die Schwarz Mühl” with its miller Andreas Will and its predecessor Hans Hopfenmüller from 1713. The color ajective “black” in the mill name could be motivated by a very dark part of the building such as a slate roof or by the gloomy, shady location in the densely wooded, narrow valley of small goats .

The Schwarzmühle in its current form was built in 1728 by Johann Weis, known as "Schwarzmüller", as a grain mill. From 1770 at the latest, the mill estate belonged as a margravial-Brandenburg-Bayreuth fiefdom to the small goat field manor of Karl Franz von Schaumberg . The master miller Johann Weiß, presumably a son of the builder, has come down to us from 1771. In 1809 the mill was given the wheelhouse number 3 in the municipality of Kleinziegenfeld, which it still bears today. The former miller Johann Zenk, like his predecessors, was only tenable fiefs and the barons of Schaumberg. From 1818 the mill belonged to the municipality of Kleinziegenfeld as an independent district . In 1850 it was described as having "belonging and real mill justice ", that is, with outbuildings and permission to operate the mill. The property tax cadastre from 1854 describes the mill as a "residential building with a grinding mill, cutting mill, cellar above the street, barn, barn, pigsty, oven, courtyard and 31 days of basic work ". Until 1930 the mill had two grinding aisles with undershot water wheels for grinding grain. The cutting mill in an outbuilding on the other side of the Mühlkanal was in operation until the 1950s. In the course of the municipal reform , the Schwarzmühle was incorporated into Weismain as part of the old municipality of Kleinziegenfeld on January 1, 1978, but retained the status of an independent district and is therefore still an officially named municipality of the city of Weismain .

Population development

The table shows the population development of the Schwarzmühle based on individual data.

year	Residents	source
1864	6th
1871	8th
1875	8th
1885	9
1900	8th
1925	5
1950	6th
1961	5
1970	5
1987	0
2018	> 1

architecture

The former mill building is a single-storey gable roof building . On the north gable there is an ornamental framework made of curved St. Andrew's crosses and pillars . The magnificent entrance door on the north side has a drilled frame and high gable legs . The medallion above the lintel bears the inscription “built in the year of Christ by Hans Weiss. 1728 ". There is no longer a mill wheel , but water still flows through the masonry mill channel .

See also

List of mills on the Weismain and Krassach rivers

literature

• Jutta Böhm: Mill bike tour. Routes: Kleinziegenfelder Tal and Bärental , Weismain environmental station of the Lichtenfels district, Weismain / Lichtenfels (Lichtenfels district), 2000 (52 p., Numerous illustrations, canton)
• Josef Urban: Small goat field . In: Heimatgeschichtliche Zeitschrift für der Landkreis Lichtenfels , Volume 10, Verlag Vom Main zum Jura, Eggolsheim 2001, pp. 24–51
• Ingrid Weiskopf, Karin Raab-Aydin (eds.): Burgkunstadt, Altenkunstadt, Weismain - Art and Culture - Things worth knowing and interesting yesterday and today . The culture makers e. V., 2000

Web links

Commons : Schwarzmühle  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i} Böhm (2000), p. 29
2. ↑ Mühle, Kleinziegenfeld 3 , geodaten.bayern.de, accessed on December 29, 2012
3. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Dieter George: Lichtenfels; The old circle . Historical book of place names of Bavaria. Upper Franconia. Volume 6: Lichtenfels. Commission for Bavarian State History, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-7696-6862-9 , p. 137.
4. ↑ Mills 2012 . ( Memento of the original from August 21, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 131 kB) Tourist Information Oberes Maintal-Coburger Land, Lichtenfels 2012, p. 2 
5. ↑ Weiskopf; Raab-Aydin (2000), p. 193
6. ↑ ^{a b} Urban (2001), p. 31
7. ^ Schwarzmühle in the local database of the Bayerische Landesbibliothek Online . Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, accessed on July 3, 2017.
8. ^ Joseph Heyberger, Chr. Schmitt, v. Wachter: Topographical-statistical manual of the Kingdom of Bavaria with an alphabetical local dictionary . In: K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Bavaria. Regional and folklore of the Kingdom of Bavaria . tape 5 . Literary and artistic establishment of the JG Cotta'schen Buchhandlung, Munich 1867, Sp. 907–908 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb10374496-4 ( digitized version ).
9. ↑ Kgl. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to districts, administrative districts, court districts and municipalities, including parish, school and post office affiliation ... with an alphabetical general register containing the population according to the results of the census of December 1, 1875 . Adolf Ackermann, Munich 1877, 2nd section (population figures from 1871, cattle figures from 1873), Sp. 1081 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00052489-4 ( digitized version ).
10. ↑ Kgl. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to districts, administrative districts, court districts and municipalities, including parish, school and post office affiliation ... with an alphabetical general register containing the population according to the results of the census of December 1, 1875 . Adolf Ackermann, Munich 1877, section 3, p. 142 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00052489-4 ( digitized version ).
11. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Localities directory of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to government districts, administrative districts, ... then with an alphabetical register of locations, including the property and the responsible administrative district for each location. LIV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1888, Section III, Sp. 1029 ( digitized version ).
12. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Directory of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria, with alphabetical register of places . LXV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1904, Section II, Sp. 1077 ( digitized version ).
13. ↑ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Localities directory for the Free State of Bavaria according to the census of June 16, 1925 and the territorial status of January 1, 1928 . Issue 109 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1928, Section II, Sp. 1113 ( digitized version ).
14. ↑ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria - edited on the basis of the census of September 13, 1950 . Issue 169 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1952, DNB  453660975 , Section II, Sp. 958 ( digitized version ).
15. ↑ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official city directory for Bavaria, territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census . Issue 260 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1964, DNB  453660959 , Section II, Sp. 705 ( digitized version ).
16. ^ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria . Issue 335 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1973, DNB  740801384 , p. 163 ( digitized version ).
17. ↑ Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing (Ed.): Official local directory for Bavaria, territorial status: May 25, 1987 . Issue 450 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich November 1991, DNB  94240937X , p. 319 ( digitized version ).