Tron (film)
| Movie | |
|---|---|
| German title | Tron |
| Original title | Tron |
,_Logo.svg){kind=logo} | |
| Country of production | United States |
| original language | English |
| Publishing year | 1982 |
| length | 96 minutes |
| Age rating | FSK 12 |
| Rod | |
| Director | Steven Lisberger |
| script | Steven Lisberger, Bonnie MacBird |
| production | Donald Kushner |
| music | Wendy Carlos |
| camera | Bruce Logan |
| cut | Jeff Gourson |
| occupation | |
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| chronology | |
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Successor → |
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Tron is an American feature film released by the Disney studios from 1982. It was directed by Steven Lisberger , starring Jeff Bridges , Bruce Boxleitner and David Warner, and music by Wendy Carlos . In 2010 the sequel Tron: Legacy was released .
action
The programmer Kevin Flynn tries to obtain evidence that Ed Dillinger once stole several computer games programmed by him and passed them off as his. This made Dillinger president of the ENCOM computer company. Flynn writes computer programs to look for evidence in the company's main computer that was taken over by the MCP ( Master Control Program ); however, his attempts are always unsuccessful. What neither Flynn nor anyone else suspects is that all computer programs live in a virtual reality dominated by the MCP as humanoid beings who resemble their programmers ( users ).
Flynn's friends Alan Bradley and Lora want to help him after he tells them the story. Both still work at ENCOM while Flynn was laid off. Alan got the idea to activate a surveillance program called "Tron" that he had designed. That program would shut down the MCP and Flynn could break into the system and find the evidence he needed. However, something goes wrong with the implementation of the plan. The MCP defends itself when Flynn tries to hack into computers within the company complex . Flynn is digitized by a laser and rematerialized in the computer, where he is instantly captured. Flynn's only hope is to find Tron and get him to do his job as the MCP's surveillance program.
Meanwhile, the MCP hires the Sark program to take part in games and let Flynn die in the process. These games are nothing more than computer games that users play. During one of these games, Flynn also meets Tron and is able to escape with him and another program called Ram . On the run, they are separated, Ram is damaged and can no longer stay in the system. He dissolves. Tron and Flynn now make their way separately to an input / output tower, where the programs can contact their users. In the process, Flynn gradually discovers that as a user in the computer world he has practically godlike powers that allow him to manipulate the natural laws of that world at will.
Tron manages to connect with Alan Bradley using the two programs Yori and Dumont. He receives instructions from him on how to proceed against the MCP. On the way to the MCP, Tron and Yori meet Flynn. The three of them manage to get to the MCP, but they are stopped by Sark shortly beforehand. Tron manages to seriously injure Sark. The MCP is now afraid for its existence and transfers all of its capabilities to Sark; this turns into a giant and attacks Tron. To distract the MCP, Flynn jumps straight into its connection to the real world. This enables Tron to interrupt the MCP interface . This deactivates the MCP and also seals Sark's fate. Flynn is thrown back into the real world by jumping into the connection.
By deactivating the MCP, all evidence of the theft of the computer games by Dillinger is now freely accessible to everyone. Dillinger is fired, and Flynn takes his post as president.
production
Surname
According to the making-of on the DVD release, the name “Tron” is a short form of electronic . In the real computer world, “Tron” is on the one hand a command to switch on tracing when troubleshooting BASIC programs (TRACE ON), on the other hand a machine command of the PDP-10 with the opcode octal 666.
The name MCP (Master Control Program) comes from an operating system that Burroughs Corporation introduced in 1961 with the B5000 mainframe. Its task was described as follows: to automatically manipulate machine programs, allocate memory, assign equipment and route all information.
technology
Tron was one of the first feature films in which longer computer-generated sequences were used. In total, these make up about 15 to 20 of the 96 minutes of film. Even if the film was criticized for the rather wooden performance of the actors and its partly incoherent plot, it was still celebrated as a milestone in the history of computer animation.
To be able to produce the computer-generated parts of the film, Disney turned to the Triple I company . At that time, Triple I had the Super Foonly F-1 , the fastest PDP-10 computer that had been manufactured up to that point. It was also the only one of its kind. MAGI Synthavision , Robert Abel and Associates and Digital Effects , which specialized in special effects, were also involved in the project.
However, the film contains far fewer computer-animated sequences than is usually assumed. The unique visual style of this 70 mm film is rather determined by the backlit animation , a purely optical process with which the live action scenes that take place inside the computer were realized. The actors and parts of the scene are initially filmed in black and white. Each individual image is enlarged to a large-format sheet film with very high contrast and then overlaid with additional layers of film, processed with photographic techniques, colored and retouched. As with a classic animation film, picture by picture is put together and photographed, whereby the light, as the name of the process suggests, also shines through the picture from behind, which enables the typical lighting effects of the film. A large number of processed high-contrast and large-format slides and negatives were required for each individual image of such sequences; entire truck loads of classic sheet film were processed. The effort involved in this process was many times greater than with conventionally filmed animated cartoons. Tron remained the only feature film in which this technique played such a central role, which makes the appearance of the film unique to this day.
layout
Comic book artist Jean Giraud (aka Moebius ) designed the main sets and costumes for the film. Most of the vehicles were designed by product designer Syd Mead , who later also worked for the film Blade Runner .
In the computer world in the film, all programs wear a uniform with colored circuits. The original concept was to mark the "bad" programs like Sark or the Master Control program with blue lines and the good programs with yellow. For reasons unknown, the concept was changed to blue for the good guys and red for the bad guys. However, some of the original colors remained in the film, presumably because this concept change happened while production was in progress and various scenes had already been completed. For example, the character Clu, like most other “good” tank programs, has yellow lines on his uniform, but Sark's tank commanders have blue lines.
Film music
The soundtrack for the film wrote the synthesizer -Pionierin Wendy Carlos . Carlos became very famous for her album Switched-On Bach and the soundtracks for many other films, such as A Clockwork Orange or Shining . For Tron , Carlos used Moog's analog synthesizers , a GDS digital synthesizer with complex additive and phase-modulated synthesis, the London Symphony Orchestra under the direction of Douglas Gamley and the large pipe organ in the Royal Albert Hall in London . Two more tracks were contributed by the band Journey .
- CD release: Tron. Original motion picture soundtrack. Music by Wendy Carlos. Walt Disney Records 60748-7, Burbank 2001
synchronization
The German synchronization was for a dialogue book by Martin Grossmann under the dialogue director Dietmar Behnke commissioned by the Berliner Synchron GmbH Wenzel Lüdecke .
| role | actor | Voice actor |
|---|---|---|
| Kevin Flynn / Clu | Jeff Bridges | Frank Glaubrecht |
| Alan Bradley / Tron | Bruce Boxleitner | Lutz Riedel |
| Lora / Yori | Cindy Morgan | Evelyn Marron |
| Ed Dillinger / Sark | David Warner | Norbert Gescher |
| Master Control Program | Helmut Krauss | |
| Dr. Walter Gibbs / Dumont | Barnard Hughes | Heinz Petruo |
| R.A.M | Dan Shor | Joachim Tennstedt |
| Crom | Peter Jurasik | Uwe Paulsen |
reception
Reviews
The film had its world premiere in the USA on July 9, 1982. It was released in German cinemas on December 9th of the same year. It received mixed to good reviews from the critics. On Rotten Tomatoes , it got a Fresh Rating of 70% with a score of 6.4 out of 10, based on 54 reviews.
“The first US feature film that tries to pack a banal, superficial computer story into an adequate image form [...]. A brightly colored spectacle that operates brilliantly in part using computer animation, conventional animation technology, a futuristic decoration and alienating light effects. Demonstration and promotion at the same time for the possibilities of computer-aided drawing. "
"What is unusual about this first computer-animated feature film is the way it is made and the fantastic-looking images that result."
At the end of 2006, Marcus Stiglegger discovered in the epd film that what appeared to be “very strange” in 1982 is now slowly establishing itself as a “visionary cult film”.
Gross profit
Overall, the film grossed $ 33 million in the US at a production cost of $ 17 million .
Awards and nominations
- Nomination in the category Best Costume Design for Eloise Jensson and Rosanna Norton
- Nomination in the category Best Sound for Michael Minkler, Bob Minkler, Lee Minkler and James LaRue
- Award in the Best Costume category
- Nomination in the Best Animated Film category
- Nomination in the category of best science fiction film
British Academy Film Awards 1983
- Nomination for Best Visual Effects for Richard Taylor, Harrison Ellenshaw
- Nomination in the Best Family Entertainment Category : Animated, Music or Fantasy
Trivia
- In Alan's office there is the sentence “Klaatu Barada Nikto” on the wall - an allusion to The Day on which the Earth Stood Still (1951) , on which this sentence prevented the destruction of the earth.
- As the three programs Flynn, Tron and Ram from the Break out game grid and Sark chases them on the control wall, you can see a Pac-Man figure on the control board. You can also hear the typical sounds of the game in the background in this scene.
- When Tron, Flynn and Yori sail across the grid with the solar sailer, the silhouette of Disney's Mickey Mouse face can be seen below them .
Sequels
In 2010, a sequel was released under the direction of Joseph Kosinski under the title Tron: Legacy , the content of which is linked to Tron . The film was partly shot in 3D and opened on January 27, 2011 in German and Austrian cinemas. Jeff Bridges and Bruce Boxleitner can be seen again in the leading roles . The other cast included Garrett Hedlund , Olivia Wilde and Michael Sheen . The soundtrack was provided by the French electro duo Daft Punk .
The animated series TRON: The Uprising followed in 2012 .
DVD / Blu-ray
- Tron. Deluxe Edition . 2 DVD set with many extras. Buena Vista Home Entertainment 2002. Was nominated for the DVD Premiere Award in 2003 in the categories Best Overall New Extra Features and Original Retrospective Documentary .
- Tron: The original. 2-disc special edition (DVD). Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment, 2011
- Tron: The original. Special Edition (Blu-ray). Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment, 2011
- TRON Collection (DVD) including Tron: Legacy . Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment, 2011
- TRON Collection (Blu-ray) including Tron: Legacy . Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment, 2011
See also
- Armagetron (computer game)
- Tron (computer game)
literature
- Brian Daley: Tron. The book for the Disney film of the same name. Goldmann, Munich 1982, ISBN 3-442-23755-6 (Original title: Tron )
- Elmar Biebl, Dirk Manthey, Jörg Altendorf u. a .: The Walt Disney films. The magical world of animation. 2nd Edition. Milchstraße, Hamburg 1993, ISBN 3-89324-117-5
Web links
- Tron in the Internet Movie Database (English)
- Tron in the online film database
Individual evidence
- ↑ German synchronous files. In: synchronkartei.de. Retrieved August 1, 2016 .
- ↑ First performances in the IMDb
- ^ Lexicon of International Films (CD-ROM edition). Systhema, Munich 1997
- ↑ Marcus Stiglegger: Films_wie_gemalt - The digital cinema and its new world designs. In: epd Film , 12/2006, p. 21 f.
- ^ Tron (1982). In: boxofficemojo.com. Retrieved August 1, 2016 .