Wągrowiec

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Wągrowiec
Wągrowiec coat of arms
Wągrowiec (Poland)
Wągrowiec
Wągrowiec
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Greater Poland
Powiat : Wągrowiec
Area : 18.00  km²
Geographic location : 52 ° 48 ′  N , 17 ° 12 ′  E Coordinates: 52 ° 48 ′ 0 ″  N , 17 ° 12 ′ 0 ″  E
Residents : 25,675
(Jun. 30, 2019)
Postal code : 62-100 to 62-102
Telephone code : (+48) 67
License plate : PWA
Economy and Transport
Street : Poznan - Bydgoszcz
Rail route : Poznan-Gollantsch
Next international airport : Poses
Gmina
Gminatype: Borough
Surface: 18.0 km²
Residents: 25,675
(Jun. 30, 2019)
Population density : 1426 inhabitants / km²
Community number  ( GUS ): 3028011
Administration (as of 2007)
Mayor : Stanisław Wilczyński
Address: ul.Kosciuszki 15 a
62-100 Wągrowiec
Website : www.wagrowiec.um.gov.pl



Wągrowiec [ vɔŋˈgrɔvʲɛʦ ] (German Wangrowiec , Wongrowiec , 1875–1920 and 1939–42 Wongrowitz , 1942–45 Eichenbrück , older also Wanggrawitz ) is a city in the Polish Voivodeship of Greater Poland .

geography

Wągrowiec is about 50 km north-east of Poznań (Posen) and 70 km south-west of Bydgoszcz (Bromberg) on the southern tip of Jezioro Durowskie (Durower Lake) and this coming from the east river Welna that here after a bend in southwestern direction by the Jezioro Łęgowskie (Lengower See) and after about 30 km at Obornik flows from the right into the Warta .

history

Wongrowitz on the Welna or Kleine Warthe river

The first town charter was probably granted to the place in 1381. In 1396 Cistercian monks from Łekno moved to the Wągrowiec monastery . In 1427 Władysław II Jagiełło gave the place city rights under Magdeburg law . The city grew rapidly: in 1458 it had to provide ten armed warriors to the army. The local economy flourished in the 15th and 16th centuries. Beer brewers , furriers , cobblers , potters , drapers and other craftsmen settled here.

In the following century the development of the place declined. From 1655 to 1656 the place was occupied by the Swedes . Between 1693 and 1741, 34 people were executed in the city on suspicion of using black magic . The plague raged from 1709 to 1710 . In 1746 a fire broke out and destroyed 30 other houses in addition to the town hall. A year later, the monastery and church fell in flames.

In 1793, during the Second Partition of Poland , the town fell to Prussia and became the seat of a district administrator. Just 612 people lived in 111 wooden houses. In 1799 the church could be rebuilt. In 1807 the city became part of the newly created Duchy of Warsaw , but fell back to Prussia in 1815 and again became the seat of the Wongrowiec district (from 1875 Wongrowitz district) , which was established in 1818. In the 19th century the city's economic development picked up speed again, occasionally disrupted by unrest against the discrimination against the Poles by the Prussian administration. In 1881 4,392 people lived in Wongrowitz. In 1889 the place was connected to the rail network and thus received a connection to Rogozno and Inowrazlaw (since 1904: Hohensalza ). The first grammar school opened its doors in May 1872 . In the years that followed, numerous buildings were built in the neo-Romanesque style. In 1890 Friedrich Wilhelm Voigt, later known as Captain von Köpenick , tried to rob the court treasury in Wongrowitz with a crowbar.

After the First World War , the place had to be ceded to the Second Polish Republic due to the provisions of the Versailles Treaty . The place was also the county seat of the now Powiat Wągrowiecki district. However, the further economic development of the village was unfavorable.

Immediately at the beginning of the Second World War , German bombers attacked the city on September 2nd during the attack on Poland and destroyed the train station, the school, the town hall and other buildings. The Wehrmacht reached the place on September 6th. The city continued to be the district seat of the district of Eichenbrück (until 1941/1942 district of Wongrowitz) in the Hohensalza administrative district in the German occupation area Reichsgau Wartheland . In 1942 the city was renamed Eichenbrück and received a new coat of arms .

During the war, a camp was set up for a department of the Reich Labor Service (RAD). During the Second World War, around a third of the pre-war population, including most of the Jews, was deported; not a few lost their lives. Many residents left the city shortly before the war front arrived. The Red Army reached the region on January 23, 1945 . In the following period, the remaining German residents were evicted by the local Polish administrative authorities and replaced by Poles.

Cistercians in Łekno and Wągrowiec

The Łekno Monastery was founded in the 12th century as a subsidiary of the Altenberg Monastery in Bergisches Land . One of his first abbots, Christian von Łekno , was appointed bishop in 1209 for the Prussian proselytizing , which was resumed in 1206 , and in 1215 took his seat in Oliva . The monastery in Łekno was moved to Wągrowiec between 1380 and 1396. Until its secularization in 1835, it was the most important institution in the city.

Population numbers

  • 1793: 612
  • 1816: 875 (according to other sources 981), including 80 Evangelicals and 167 Jews
  • 1837: 2.045
  • 1861: 3,366
  • 1880: 4,385
  • 1890: 4,920, of which 1,056 Protestants, 3,318 Catholics and 545 Jews
  • 2000: 24,478
  • 2005: 24,529

Town twinning

Culture and sights

  • Parish church
  • Wągrowiec Monastery
  • Pyramid tomb of the cavalry master Franciszek Lakinski (1767–1845)
  • Regional Museum (exists since October 1, 1987)

traffic

The city has a train station on the Poznań – Bydgoszcz railway line and on the Inowrocław – Drawski Młyn railway line, which has been closed in this area .

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

Rural community

The surrounding rural municipality of Wągrowiec, to which the city of Wągrowiec itself does not belong, has 12,255 inhabitants (as of June 30, 2019).

literature

  • Heinrich Wuttke : City book of the country Posen. Codex diplomaticus: General history of the cities in the region of Poznan. Historical news from 149 individual cities . Leipzig 1864, p. 469.
  • Wilfried Gerke : Homeland book for the district of Eichenbrück-Wongrowitz :
    • Vol. 2, 1978, 163 pp. M. Fig.
    • Vol. 3, 1981, 192 pp. M. Fig.
    • Vol. 4: From Lekno to Lüneburg. 1993, 296 pp. Fig.
    • Illustrated book. 1988, 343 pp. numerous Fig.
  • Dzieje Wągrowca. Praca zbiorowa. - pod red. Edmunda Makowskiego. Poznań 1994. - 318 pages: Ill. (Biblioteka "Kroniki Wielkopolski": Dzieje Miast Wielkopolski; 4) ISBN 83-85811-08-7 .
  • The Eichenbrück district. 800 years of German cultural achievements in the Wartheland. - By Ernst Kiock ... Posen: NS-Gauverl., 1944. - 145 S.: Ill.

Web links

Commons : Wągrowiec  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Footnotes

  1. ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
  2. ↑ http://ulb.georeferencer.com/map/5pMaUq0HBFHjRHq6oihzHf/201512021119-VIiuy3/visualize
  3. ↑ a b c d Wuttke (1864), p. 469.
  4. ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Wongrowitz district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).