Zwätz

Zwätz City of Jena Coordinates: 50 ° 57 ′ 33 ″ N , 11 ° 36 ′ 46 ″ E
Height :	150–190 m above sea level NN
Area :	5.5 km²
Residents :	3101 (December 31, 2017)
Population density :	564 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation :	October 1, 1922
Postal code :	07743
Area code :	03641
Location of Zwatzen in Thuringia
	Historic town center

Old village

Bundesstrasse 88 near Zwätze

Pageant for the 825th anniversary in 2007

Crusader on the vineyard

Zwätz is a district of the independent city of Jena in Thuringia .

geography

Zwätz is located at the northern end of Jena , west of the Saale . The Heiligenberg and the Jägerberg are located above Zwätzens. On the Jägerberg there is a sheep farm (formerly an excursion restaurant) and a former military area (formerly the Soviet Army, border troops of the GDR and the National People's Army), which is to be recultivated.

history

Zwätz was first mentioned in a document from September 16, 1182 and at that time it was under the rule of Ludwig the Pious . A member of the Teutonic Order , "Hugo, Priest in Zwätze", is named in a 1221 document. The possessions of the Teutonic Order in Thuringia and Vogtland were administered from Zwatzen from about 1221 to 1809 ( Ballei Thuringia). The last Komtur Freiherr von Berlepsch donated the memorial stone for 46 Saxons who died in the battle of Jena and Auerstedt on the estate in the direction of Heiligenberg. Von Berlepsch died in Lehesten in 1809 and was buried in the St. Marien Church in Zwätze. The wooden door from the 13th century should be emphasized on this church, probably the oldest church wooden door in Central Germany.

In 1600 Zwätz was persecuted by witches . A farmer got into a witch trial and was sentenced to expulsion from the country.

The foundations for the development of the agricultural facilities in Zwätz were largely created by the Teutonic Knights . After the state commandery was dissolved , the agricultural property became a chamber property of the Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar and, from 1930, a teaching and experimental property of the Friedrich Schiller University of Jena. As early as 1826, Friedrich Gottlob Schulze founded the agricultural college in Jena, which was closely connected to the university and the estate in Zwatzen. The latter was successfully classified as VEG (Z) animal breeding in the GDR. At the end of 1987 the Institute for Plant Nutrition and Ecotoxology with the area of agrochemical advice and analysis and the branch of the Center for Soil Fertility Müncheberg were located on the site of the agricultural school, which was again founded by Schulze in Zwatzen in 1856. After the reunification of Germany, both facilities were set up via LUFA-Thuringia to form the Thuringian State Institute for Agriculture Jena. In 1961, the Institute for Bacterial Disease Research and the District Institute for Veterinary Affairs, founded in 1964 , were located in the immediate vicinity of the research facilities mentioned . Now the first-mentioned institute is the Federal Institute for Consumer Protection and Veterinary Medicine. The district institute was reorganized in Bad-Langensalza.

The Thuringian State Institute for Agriculture has been managing the agricultural science library in Jena in Zwätze since 1991. The library was created from the amalgamation of the libraries of the Academy of Agricultural Sciences of the GDR and the agriculture branch of the ThULB, which were located in Zwätze until 1990. Friedrich Gottlob Schulze's library of professors is part of the publicly accessible library.

The residents of Zwätzens lived for centuries from viticulture, agriculture and handicrafts, and later also from work in Jena and at Jena's university . In 1956, the Jena- Zwatzen teaching and experimental farm became the first Haflinger breeding facility in the GDR . Since 1980, wine has been grown again in Zwätz, which is pressed in the growing area and is a quality wine called "Jenaer Käuzchenberg" . This mountain is one of the last vineyards in production in the city of Jena, which can look back on a long tradition as a wine-growing area and in whose coat of arms the grape can be found. There are other vineyards in Jena on Jenzig , in Wöllnitz and in Kunitz .

Newer parts of Zwätzens are the "Siedlung am Heiligenberg" (1934/35) as well as the residential area "Himmelreich" and the industrial area "Saalepark" that has been created in recent years.

In 1982 Zwätz celebrated its 800th anniversary, in 2007 the 825th anniversary was celebrated with a parade.

traffic

Zwatzen train station

The federal highway 88 leads through Zwatzen in a north-south direction. Zwätz is connected to the rail traffic through the Jena-Zwatzen train station on the Großheringen – Saalfeld railway line . Furthermore, the tram stops Zwätz and Zwätz, loop of lines 1 and 4 are located in Zwätz .

Personalities

Heinrich Moritz von Berlepsch , the last commander of the Teutonic Order from 1795 to 1809 in Zwatzen
Friedrich Gottlob Schulze , economist and farmer
Richard Wagner (geologist) (1847–1932), senior teacher at the agricultural school, geologist and paleontologist

Web links

Commons : Zwätz - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Homepage of the association "Kulturlandschaft Zwätze e.V."
Zwätz Church ( Memento from October 11, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
Homepage of the association "Weinberg Zwätze eV"

Individual evidence

↑ Hans Patze : Zwatzen. In: Hans Patze, Peter Aufgebauer (Hrsg.): Handbook of the historical sites of Germany . Volume 9: Thuringia (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 313). 2nd, improved and supplemented edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 1989, ISBN 3-520-31302-2 .
↑ Ronald Füssel: The witch persecutions in the Thuringian area , publications of the working group for historical witchcraft and crime research in Northern Germany, Volume 2, Hamburg 2003, p. 495.
↑ Herbert Franzke: The history of the agricultural school in Zwätze, a contribution to the documentation of the development of agricultural-scientific traditions in the north of the city of Jena, 1st history booklet, series H.7 / 1994, Agricultural Investigation and Research Institute, Jena, self-published, ISSN 0944 -0348 , pp. 13-34
↑ Hans-Manfred Thurm: From the Commandery Zwätz to VEG (Z) Tierzucht Jena, 3rd history booklet, publication series H.5 / 1996, Agricultural Investigation and Research Institute, Jena, self-published, ISSN 0944-0348 , pp. 13-27
↑ Heike Brückner: History and holdings of the Agricultural Science Library Jena, 8th history booklet, series 13/2002, Thuringian State Agency for Agriculture Jena, self-published, ISSN 0944-0348 , pp. 98-108

[1] Hans Patze : Zwatzen. In: Hans Patze, Peter Aufgebauer (Hrsg.): Handbook of the historical sites of Germany . Volume 9: Thuringia (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 313). 2nd, improved and supplemented edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 1989, ISBN 3-520-31302-2 .

[2] Ronald Füssel: The witch persecutions in the Thuringian area , publications of the working group for historical witchcraft and crime research in Northern Germany, Volume 2, Hamburg 2003, p. 495.

[3] Herbert Franzke: The history of the agricultural school in Zwätze, a contribution to the documentation of the development of agricultural-scientific traditions in the north of the city of Jena, 1st history booklet, series H.7 / 1994, Agricultural Investigation and Research Institute, Jena, self-published, ISSN 0944 -0348 , pp. 13-34

[4] Hans-Manfred Thurm: From the Commandery Zwätz to VEG (Z) Tierzucht Jena, 3rd history booklet, publication series H.5 / 1996, Agricultural Investigation and Research Institute, Jena, self-published, ISSN 0944-0348 , pp. 13-27

[5] Heike Brückner: History and holdings of the Agricultural Science Library Jena, 8th history booklet, series 13/2002, Thuringian State Agency for Agriculture Jena, self-published, ISSN 0944-0348 , pp. 98-108