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Coordinates: 12°30′N 79°37′E / 12.5°N 79.62°E / 12.5; 79.62
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'''Vandavasi''' or '''Wandiwash''' is a city and a [[municipality]] in [[Tiruvannamalai district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Tamil Nadu]]. As of 2011, the town had a population of 74,320.
'''Vandavasi''' or '''Wandiwash''' is a city and [[municipality]] in the [[Tiruvannamalai district]] of the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Tamil Nadu]]. As of 2011, the town had a population of 74,320.


Vandavasi was the scene of a decisive battle in the 18th-century war between [[France]] and the [[United Kingdom]] for the control of [[South Asia]]. The [[Battle of Wandiwash]] was a watershed in Indian history as it cemented British supremacy in South Asia. On 22 January 1760, a British force led by [[Eyre Coote (East India Company officer)|Eyre Coote]] defeated a French force led by [[Thomas Arthur, comte de Lally|General Thomas Lally]].<ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Vandavasi|volume=28|page=303}}</ref>
Vandavasi was the site of a decisive battle in the 18th century [[Carnatic Wars]] between [[France]] and the [[British Empire]] for control over [[south Asia]]. The [[Battle of Wandiwash]] was a watershed moment in Indian history as it cemented British supremacy in India. On 22 January 1760, a British force led by [[Eyre Coote (East India Company officer)|Eyre Coote]] defeated a French force led by [[Thomas Arthur, comte de Lally|General Thomas Lally]].<ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Vandavasi|volume=28|page=303}}</ref>


==Geography and climate==
==Geography and climate==
Vandavasi is located at {{Coord|12.5|N|79.62|E|}}.<ref>[http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/25/Vandavasi.html Falling Rain Genomics, Inc – Vandavasi]. Fallingrain.com. Retrieved on 2011-11-26.</ref> It lies 110 kilometres South-West of [[Chennai]] City, 40&nbsp;km from South of famous temple city [[Kanchipuram]] and 80&nbsp;km north-east of [[Thiruvannamalai]] & 42KM From India's famouse silk & Rice city [[Arani, Tiruvannamalai District|Arani]] & 80 Km From India's Famouse Fort city [[Vellore]]. The town is well connected with [[Chennai]] by road. It has an average elevation of 74 metres (242 feet).
Vandavasi is located at {{Coord|12.5|N|79.62|E|}}.<ref>[http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/25/Vandavasi.html Falling Rain Genomics, Inc – Vandavasi]. Fallingrain.com. Retrieved on 2011-11-26.</ref> It lies 110&nbsp;km southwest of [[Chennai]], 40&nbsp;km south of the temple city of [[Kanchipuram]], 80&nbsp;km northeast of [[Thiruvannamalai]], 42&nbsp;km southeast of [[Arani, Tiruvannamalai District|Arani]] & 80&nbsp;km from [[Vellore]]. The town is well-connected with [[Chennai]] by road. It is situated at an average elevation of 74 metres (242 feet) above sea level.
Vandavasi climatic condition is similar to that of [[Chennai]], lying on the [[thermal equator]] and close to the coast, most part of the year climate is hot and humid.<ref>{{cite web|title=About city|url=http://municipality.tn.gov.in/vandavasi/abcity_City.htm|publisher=Vandavasi Municipality|year=2011|accessdate=2013-07-07}}</ref>
Vandavasi's climatic condition is similar to that of [[Chennai]], lying on the [[thermal equator]] and close to the coast, while most of the year the climate is hot and humid.<ref>{{cite web|title=About city|url=http://municipality.tn.gov.in/vandavasi/abcity_City.htm|publisher=Vandavasi Municipality|year=2011|accessdate=2013-07-07}}</ref>


==Demographics==
==Demographics==
{{bar box|title=Religious census|titlebar=#ddd|left1=Religion|right1=Percent(%)|float=left|bars={{bar percent|[[Hinduism|Hindu]]|Orange|60.86}}{{bar percent|[[Islam|Muslim]]|Green|34.73}}{{bar percent|[[Christianity|Christian]]|purple|3.03}}{{bar percent|[[Jainism|Jain]]|Blue|1.28}}{{bar percent|[[Sikhism|Sikh]]|yellow|0.02}}{{bar percent|Other|grey|0.08}} }}
{{bar box|title=Religious census|titlebar=#ddd|left1=Religion|right1=Percent(%)|float=left|bars={{bar percent|[[Hinduism|Hindu]]|Orange|60.86}}{{bar percent|[[Islam|Muslim]]|Green|34.73}}{{bar percent|[[Christianity|Christian]]|purple|3.03}}{{bar percent|[[Jainism|Jain]]|Blue|1.28}}{{bar percent|[[Sikhism|Sikh]]|yellow|0.02}}{{bar percent|Other|grey|0.08}} }}
According to [[2011 census of India|2011 census]], Vandavasi had a population of 74,320 with a sex-ratio of 1,012 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929.<ref name="dashboard">{{cite web|title=Census Info 2011 Final population totals|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/censusinfodashboard/index.html|publisher=Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India|year=2013|accessdate=2014-01-26}}</ref> A total of 3,337 were under the age of six, constituting 1,740 males and 1,597 females. [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes]] accounted for 13.54% and 1.31% of the population respectively. The average literacy of the town was 77.3%, compared to the national average of 72.99%.<ref name="dashboard"/> The town had a total of : 7326 households. There were a total of 10,553 workers, comprising 152 cultivators, 302 main agricultural labourers, 309 in house hold industries, 9,093 other workers, 697 marginal workers, 8 marginal cultivators, 27 marginal agricultural labourers, 52 marginal workers in household industries and 610 other marginal workers.<ref name=2011census>{{cite web|title=Census Info 2011 Final population totals - Vandavasi|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=684317|publisher=Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India|year=2013|accessdate=2014-01-26}}</ref> As per the religious census of 2011, Vandavasi had 60.86% [[Hindus]], 34.73% [[Muslims]], 3.03% [[Christians]], 0.02% [[Sikhs]], 0.0% [[Buddhists]], 1.28% [[Jainism|Jains]], 0.08% following other religions and 0.0% following no religion or did not indicate any religious preference.<ref name=religion2011>{{cite web|title=Population By Religious Community - Tamil Nadu|year=2011|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01.html|format=XLS|publisher=Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India|accessdate=13 September 2015}}</ref>
As of the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]], Vandavasi had a population of 74,320 with a sex-ratio of 1,012 females for every 1,000 males, far above the national average of 929 females per 1,000 males.<ref name="dashboard">{{cite web|title=Census Info 2011 Final population totals|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/censusinfodashboard/index.html|publisher=Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India|year=2013|accessdate=2014-01-26}}</ref> A total of 3,337 were under the age of six, constituting 1,740 males and 1,597 females. [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes]] accounted for 13.54% and 1.31% of the population respectively. The average literacy rate was 77.3%, compared to the national average of 72.99%.<ref name="dashboard"/> The town had a total of 7326 households. There were a total of 10,553 workers, comprising 152 cultivators, 302 main agricultural labourers, 309 in household industries, 9,093 other workers, 697 marginal workers, 8 marginal cultivators, 27 marginal agricultural labourers, 52 marginal workers in household industries and 610 other marginal workers.<ref name=2011census>{{cite web|title=Census Info 2011 Final population totals - Vandavasi|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=684317|publisher=Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India|year=2013|accessdate=2014-01-26}}</ref> As per the religious census of 2011, Vandavasi's population was 60.86% [[Hindu]], 34.73% [[Muslim]], 3.03% [[Christian]], 1.28% [[Jainism|Jain]], 0.02% [[Sikh]], and 0% [[Buddhist]], with 0.08% following other religions and 0% following no religion or not indicating any religious preference.<ref name=religion2011>{{cite web|title=Population By Religious Community - Tamil Nadu|year=2011|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01.html|format=XLS|publisher=Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India|accessdate=13 September 2015}}</ref>


==As a capital town==
==As a capital town==
According to one version, Chennapattanam, now called Chennai (British Madras), was named after Damera Chennappa Nayaka, the [[Nayaks of Kalahasti|Nayaka of Kalahasthi]] and Vandavasi, father of Damera Venkatappa Nayaker (padmanayaka velama ruler) from whom the English acquired the town in 1639. The ruler of the area, Chennapa Nayak, the Nayaka of Vandavasi, granted the British permission to build a factory and warehouse for their trading enterprises. The region was then primarily a fishing village known as "Madraspatnam".
According to one version of history, Chennapattanam, now called Chennai (Madras), was named after [[Damarla Chennapa Nayakadu]], [[Nayaks of Kalahasti|Nayaka of Kalahasti and Vandavasi]], and father of [[Raja Venkatappa Nayaka]], from whom the English acquired the town in 1639. Chennapa Nayakadu granted the British permission to build a factory and warehouse for their trading enterprises, as the region at the time centered around a fishing village known as "Madraspatnam".


==Places of interest==
==Places of interest==
[[File:Fort - Vandavasi.jpg|thumb|Vandavasi fort.]]
[[File:Fort - Vandavasi.jpg|thumb|Vandavasi fort.]]
Vandavasi fort would have been a famous tourist spot but for its negligence by the authorities. It witnessed the decisive [[Battle of Wandiwash]], it even is said to have an underground passage to [[Gingee fort]]. The [[Nayak of Vandavasi]], a vassal of Vijaynagara Kings was instrumental in helping British secure grant from [[Chandragiri Fort, Andhra Pradesh|Chandragiri Fort]] to build the city of [[Madras]].
Vandavasi Fort is an important landmark in Vandavasi, which witnessed the decisive [[Battle of Wandiwash]]. The [[Nayak of Vandavasi]], a vassal of the [[Vijaynagar Empire]], was instrumental in helping the British secure a land grant for [[Chandragiri Fort, Andhra Pradesh|Chandragiri Fort]] on which to build the city of [[Madras]] (modern day Chennai).


[[Arahanthgiri Jain Math]] is a Jain [[Matha|Math]] that was established at the ancient [[Jain]] site of [[Tiruvannamalai]] in August 1998.<ref>{{cite web
[[Arahanthgiri Jain Math]] is a Jain [[matha]] that was established at the ancient [[Jain]] site of [[Tiruvannamalai]] in August 1998.<ref>{{cite web
|url = http://www.jainheritagecentres.com/index.php/donations/to-jain-tirths/111-arihantagiri-tirumalai
|url = http://www.jainheritagecentres.com/index.php/donations/to-jain-tirths/111-arihantagiri-tirumalai
|title = Arihantagiri - Tirumalai
|title = Arihantagiri - Tirumalai
Line 78: Line 78:
|url-status = dead
|url-status = dead
}}</ref>
}}</ref>
The complex includes 3 Jain caves, 4 [[Jain temples]] and a 16-meter high sculpture of [[Neminatha]] thought to date from the 12th century that is the tallest Jain image in Tamil Nadu.
The complex includes 3 Jain caves, 4 [[Jain temples]] and a 16-meter high sculpture of [[Neminatha]] thought to be from the 12th century, that is the tallest Jain image in Tamil Nadu.


==Politics==
==Politics==
Vandavasi assembly constituency is part of [[Arni (Lok Sabha constituency)]].<ref>{{cite web
Vandavasi is part of [[Vandavasi (state assembly constituency)|Vandavasi state assembly constituency]] and [[Arni (Lok Sabha constituency)|Arni Lok Sabha constituency]].<ref>{{cite web
|url = http://archive.eci.gov.in/se2001/background/S22/TN_ACPC.pdf
|url = http://archive.eci.gov.in/se2001/background/S22/TN_ACPC.pdf
|title = List of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies
|title = List of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies

Revision as of 05:16, 22 February 2020

Vandavasi
Wandiwash
Town
Vandavasi is located in Tamil Nadu
Vandavasi
Vandavasi
Location in Tamil Nadu, India
Coordinates: 12°30′N 79°37′E / 12.5°N 79.62°E / 12.5; 79.62
Country India
StateTamil Nadu
DistrictTiruvannamalai
Elevation
74 m (243 ft)
Population
 (2011)[1]
 • Total74,320
Languages
 • OfficialTamil
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
604408

Vandavasi or Wandiwash is a city and municipality in the Tiruvannamalai district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. As of 2011, the town had a population of 74,320.

Vandavasi was the site of a decisive battle in the 18th century Carnatic Wars between France and the British Empire for control over south Asia. The Battle of Wandiwash was a watershed moment in Indian history as it cemented British supremacy in India. On 22 January 1760, a British force led by Eyre Coote defeated a French force led by General Thomas Lally.[2]

Geography and climate

Vandavasi is located at 12°30′N 79°37′E / 12.5°N 79.62°E / 12.5; 79.62.[3] It lies 110 km southwest of Chennai, 40 km south of the temple city of Kanchipuram, 80 km northeast of Thiruvannamalai, 42 km southeast of Arani & 80 km from Vellore. The town is well-connected with Chennai by road. It is situated at an average elevation of 74 metres (242 feet) above sea level. Vandavasi's climatic condition is similar to that of Chennai, lying on the thermal equator and close to the coast, while most of the year the climate is hot and humid.[4]

Demographics

Religious census
Religion Percent(%)
Hindu
 
 60.86%
Muslim
 
 34.73%
Christian
 
 3.03%
Jain
 
 1.28%
Sikh
 
 0.02%
Other
 
 0.08%

As of the 2011 census, Vandavasi had a population of 74,320 with a sex-ratio of 1,012 females for every 1,000 males, far above the national average of 929 females per 1,000 males.[5] A total of 3,337 were under the age of six, constituting 1,740 males and 1,597 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 13.54% and 1.31% of the population respectively. The average literacy rate was 77.3%, compared to the national average of 72.99%.[5] The town had a total of 7326 households. There were a total of 10,553 workers, comprising 152 cultivators, 302 main agricultural labourers, 309 in household industries, 9,093 other workers, 697 marginal workers, 8 marginal cultivators, 27 marginal agricultural labourers, 52 marginal workers in household industries and 610 other marginal workers.[6] As per the religious census of 2011, Vandavasi's population was 60.86% Hindu, 34.73% Muslim, 3.03% Christian, 1.28% Jain, 0.02% Sikh, and 0% Buddhist, with 0.08% following other religions and 0% following no religion or not indicating any religious preference.[7]

As a capital town

According to one version of history, Chennapattanam, now called Chennai (Madras), was named after Damarla Chennapa Nayakadu, Nayaka of Kalahasti and Vandavasi, and father of Raja Venkatappa Nayaka, from whom the English acquired the town in 1639. Chennapa Nayakadu granted the British permission to build a factory and warehouse for their trading enterprises, as the region at the time centered around a fishing village known as "Madraspatnam".

Places of interest

Vandavasi fort.

Vandavasi Fort is an important landmark in Vandavasi, which witnessed the decisive Battle of Wandiwash. The Nayak of Vandavasi, a vassal of the Vijaynagar Empire, was instrumental in helping the British secure a land grant for Chandragiri Fort on which to build the city of Madras (modern day Chennai).

Arahanthgiri Jain Math is a Jain matha that was established at the ancient Jain site of Tiruvannamalai in August 1998.[8] The complex includes 3 Jain caves, 4 Jain temples and a 16-meter high sculpture of Neminatha thought to be from the 12th century, that is the tallest Jain image in Tamil Nadu.

Politics

Vandavasi is part of Vandavasi state assembly constituency and Arni Lok Sabha constituency.[9]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Census of India: Search Details". censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 12 July 2014.
  2. ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Vandavasi" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 28 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 303.
  3. ^ Falling Rain Genomics, Inc – Vandavasi. Fallingrain.com. Retrieved on 2011-11-26.
  4. ^ "About city". Vandavasi Municipality. 2011. Retrieved 7 July 2013.
  5. ^ a b "Census Info 2011 Final population totals". Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
  6. ^ "Census Info 2011 Final population totals - Vandavasi". Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
  7. ^ "Population By Religious Community - Tamil Nadu" (XLS). Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2011. Retrieved 13 September 2015.
  8. ^ "Arihantagiri - Tirumalai". Archived from the original on 7 November 2012. Retrieved 10 April 2012.
  9. ^ "List of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies" (PDF). Tamil Nadu. Election Commission of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 October 2008. Retrieved 8 October 2008.

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vandavasi&oldid=942035365"