6th Coastal Border Brigade
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6th Coastal Border Brigade |
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|---|---|
.svg) Service flag of the GBK |
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| active | November 1, 1961 to October 2, 1990 |
| Country |
 GDR
|
| Armed forces | Armed organs of the GDR |
| Armed forces | Border troops |
| Type | brigade |
| Strength | approx. 2500 |
| Insinuation | People's Navy |
| Headquarters | Rostock |
| commander | |
| Last commander | Rear Admiral Städtke |
The 6th Coastal Border Brigade (GBrK or GBK) was a military association of the border troops of the German Democratic Republic . Originally emerged from the border police of the state of Mecklenburg , it was formed on November 1, 1961 and existed until German reunification . It was operationally subordinate to the GDR naval forces .
history
The result of the Second World War was the division of Germany into zones of occupation . On December 1, 1946, the Soviet Military Administration in Germany (SMAD) ordered border police units to be set up in the Soviet occupation zone . With the establishment of the GDR, these became the border security body of the state, whose borders had previously been monitored by the Soviet troops. The security tasks have now been handed over to the German bodies by the Soviet Control Commission (SKK), which emerged from the SMAD . From January 7, 1950, the border police of the state of Mecklenburg , known as the border readiness for the coast , fulfilled the monitoring tasks on the Baltic coast. On order 48/57 of the Ministry of the Interior of the GDR on August 14, 1957, the border police received military structures and was divided into eight brigades, whose staffs were divided into
found. For the protection of the coastal border only one brigade (6th) with three border readies was provided, which consisted of two boat groups with locations in Peenemünde and Rostock , twelve coastal observation points and a motorized border detachment with 1596 men. The special training took place in the NVA . On November 1, 1961, the 6th Border Brigade was subordinated to the Chief of the People's Navy, Rear Admiral Neukirchen , and was renamed the 6th Coastal Border Brigade . Command 63/61 underpinned the common goals of the People's Navy and the Association to secure the coast and the coastal apron. The GBK was given the honorary name " Fiete Schulze " on October 7, 1964.
On April 2, 1990, by order 46/90, the GBK was spun off from the People's Navy and assigned to the newly established border guard . May 2, 1990, the EBA, as the entire East German border troops was, by decision of the Council of Ministers under the Ministry of the Interior of the GDR. After German reunification on October 3, 1990 and the dissolution of the GBK, only a few members were taken over by the Bundeswehr or the Federal Border Police.
tasks
The main task of the GBK consisted in securing the 378 km long maritime border and the control of professional and sport shipping. They also monitored 29.5 km of the border with Poland , 9.5 km of which was land border on Usedom . The fulfillment of the task was served by an extensive observation system in which stationary and mobile radio measuring equipment , a maximum of four MSR ships as close outposts in the territorial waters between Lübeck Bay and Cape Arkona , at least three boats on the approaches to the seaports of Wismar and Stralsund , observation towers with radar and mobile flak - Headlights on ZIL-130 with a range of 18 km were used. For onshore security, pairs of armed guards patrolled the beach, who were supposed to prevent any border breaches in assigned strip sections. Sailors at coastal observation stations (KBS) or observation control towers (BT-11) controlled the sea and air space and were supposed to record small and very small targets in the vicinity of the coast. On the sea side, outpost ships were in use at the three-mile border , which carried out visual-optical or radio-technical monitoring while at anchor. The majority of the vehicles consisted of decommissioned ships of the Volksmarine, which were converted according to the requirements of the GBK. At the outer sea border, the outpost ships accompanied reconnaissance vehicles of the Federal Border Police .
The three border ship departments worked every three weeks, consisting of border service, technical maintenance and training. The GBK was supported by the Volksmarine and its helicopter squadron. Seafarers and fishermen volunteered for the GBK on ships and boats . In addition, the GBK worked closely with the MfS , the People's Police and the district customs administration. She was supported by volunteers from the border troops from the population who were organized in border companies. They supplied the GBK with information about strangers and suspicious people who were near the coast.
The GBK was an integral part of the combat readiness system of the People's Navy. At all levels of combat readiness , 85 percent of the staff had to be present.
structure
The border brigade was led by the staff with security units from Rostock. It consisted of:
- three border ship departments with 18 MSR vessels
- three border battalions with 12 technical observation companies, 2 stationary technical observation platoons, 8 border companies, 2 border boat groups with 16 boats
- a border training battalion
- an independent border company
- 14 mobile technical observation companies
In the 1980s it was divided into the following units:
- Rostock location
- Grenzstabskompanie 6 (GStK-6)
- Border repair company 6 (GIK-6)
- Border Intelligence Company 6 (GNK-6)
- Limit evaluation, calculation and information group 6 (GARIG-6)
- Border Company 1 (GK-1) ( Bansin )
- Kamminke road checkpoint
- Kamminke water checkpoint
- Border section post Altwarp
- Grenzbataillon 2 (GB-2) (staff stump chamber )
- 2nd border company ( Sellin )
- 3rd border company ( Lohme )
- 1. technical observation company ( Greifswalder Oie )
- 2nd technical observation company (Sellin)
- 3rd technical observation company (stump chamber)
- 4th technical observation company ( Arkona )
- 5th technical observation company ( Dornbusch )
- 1. technical observation train ( male )
- 2nd technical observation train ( Sassnitz )
- 3rd technical observation train ( Barhöft )
- Sassnitz water checkpoint
- Barhöft water checkpoint
- 2. Signal train (Sassnitz)
- Border Battalion 3 (GB-3) ( Graal-Müritz Staff )
- 4th border company ( Ahrenshoop )
- 5th border company (Graal-Müritz)
- 6th border company ( Kühlungsborn )
- 6th technical observation company ( Darßer Ort )
- 7th technical observation company ( Wustrow )
- 8th technical observation company (Warnemünde)
- 9th technical observation company (Kühlungsborn)
- Checkpoint Warnemünde
- Border Battalion 4 (GB-4) ( Tarnewitz Staff )
- 7th border company ( Kirchdorf (Poel) )
- 8th Border Company ( Brook )
- 10th technical observation company (Poel)
- 11th technical observation company ( Boltenhagen )
- 12th technical observation company ( Barendorf )
- Checkpoint Timmendorf
- Tarnewitz checkpoint
- Pioneer Train 6 (part of GIK-6)
- Border Training Battalion 5 (GAB-5) (Kühlungsborn)
- Special training company
- Vehicle training company
- NCO training company (also in Perleberg )
- Border Ship Departments
- 1st border ship department (Sassnitz, from December 1, 1983 Warnemünde-Hohe Düne with 6 MSR ships )
- 2nd border ship department (Warnemünde-Hohe Düne with 6 MSR ships)
- 4th border ship department (Warnemünde-Hohe Düne with 6 MSR ships)
- Border boat groups
Border control boats (type GB 23 brake )
- 3rd border boat group (Barhöft)
- 6th border boat group (Tarnewitz)
- Border crossing points (Güst)
- Guest lake Wismar
- Guest lake Stralsund
- Guest lake Sassnitz
- Guest lake Warnemünde
- Güst-See Rostock-Überseehafen
- Guest lake Mukran
- Güst-Strasse Ahlbeck
insignia
From February 1, 1962, the service flag of the Coastal Border Brigade was introduced. Their appearance corresponded to the service flag of the People's Navy, but differed by a green stripe on the left edge. The staff wore the uniforms of the People's Navy. The piping of the shoulder pieces, however, matched the weapon color of the border troops. Non-commissioned officers and men carried “Border Brigade Coast” on the cap band instead of the words “People's Navy”. There was a "G" in front of the tactical number of the ships and boats.
Commanders
- Frigate Captain Fritz Fischer (November 1, 1961– December 31, 1961)
- Captain Heinrich Jordt (January 1, 1962– November 30, 1963)
- Frigate Captain Fritz Fischer (December 1, 1963– November 30, 1964)
- Rear Admiral Heinrich Jordt (December 1, 1964– November 30, 1979)
- Rear Admiral Herbert Städtke (December 1, 1979– September 30, 1990)
Incidents
In 1979, Bodo Strehlow , a member of the Coastal Border Brigade, tried to use a border surveillance ship to forcefully enter the west . He was sentenced to life imprisonment for attempted murder and espionage and was released in 1989 following an amnesty .
literature
- Ralph-Ingo Unger: Coastal Border Brigade: The sea-based protection of the GDR . Military Publishing House, 2011, ISBN 978-3-360-02707-8 , pp. 288 .
- Peter Joachim Lapp: Border Brigade Coast. GDR border security at sea . Helios, Aachen 2017, ISBN 978-3-86933-182-9 , pp. 210 .
Web links
- Coastal Border Command "Fiete Schulze", Rostock
- Service ships of the border troops and 6th GBK of the GDR
- Remaining MSR ships
Individual evidence
- ↑ GBrK is the correct name. In the literature, however, both abbreviations are used.
- ↑ Torsten Diedrich, Hans Gotthard Ehlert, Rüdiger Wenzke (ed.): In the service of the party: Handbook of the armed organs of the GDR . Ch. Links Verlag, 1998, ISBN 978-3-86153-160-9 , pp. 720 .
- ↑ Unger: Border Brigade Coast. P. 133.
- ↑ a b Jürgen Ritter, Peter Joachim Lapp: The border - A German building . Ch. Links Verlag, 2011, ISBN 978-3-86153-560-7 , pp. 208 .
- ↑ Order No. 36/86 of the Minister for National Defense of the GDR on the cooperation of the border troops of the GDR with the forces of the MfS and the MdI to protect the state border. (PDF; 2 MB) BStU, March 31, 1986, accessed on March 27, 2014 .
- ↑ Unger: Border Brigade Coast. P. 44.
- ↑ Location database of the National People's Army, the border troops of the GDR and the Soviet (Russian) armed forces in the GDR. Military History Research Office , accessed on September 23, 2015 .
- ^ Rüdiger Wenzke : Public enemies in uniform? Resistant behavior and political persecution in the NVA . Ch. Links Verlag, 2005, ISBN 978-3-86153-361-0 , p. 642 .