Fraulautern Abbey

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Panorama of the old monastery from the inner courtyard
Location of the abbey and the village of Fraulautern on the Flandernweg on the "Plan de Sarlouis et de la Situation", map around 1740 with the city fortifications; in the east the village of Fraulautern with its abbey on the banks of the Saar (Saarlouis city archive)

The Abbey Fraulautern (Latin Abbatia in Lutrea ) was a regulated women's choir of the Augustinian women for members of the nobility, which was founded in the 12th century and existed until it was dissolved in the French Revolution . The most important immediate neighboring abbeys were Busendorf , St. Avold , Glandern , Weiler-Bettnach , Mettlach , Tholey , St. Arnual and Hornbach . The neighboring intellectual centers were Trier and Metz . The monastery building belonging to the abbey stood in today's Saarlouis district of Fraulautern and has been partially preserved. It is used by the Fraulauterner elementary school under the name Im Alten Kloster . After the French Revolution, the building served as the town hall of the municipality until the incorporation of Fraulauterns into Saarlouis (then Saarlautern) in 1936 .

history

First mention of the place

Woman loudspeakers; still existing Romanesque inner gable of the demolished monastery church; Today the outer gable of the primary school with a modern school clock showing the Virgin Mary with the newborn baby Jesus on the dial

Grave goods found during excavations in Fraulautern prove a settlement in the late Hallstatt period .

The written tradition for the place Fraulautern ("Lutrea Wilre") begins with a document from Archbishop of Trier Ruotbertus (931–956). Here is spoken of an "ecclesia parochialis" (parish church), which, like other parishes in the area, is obliged to undertake an annual pilgrimage to Mettlach to the Holy Liutwin's Church of the Holy Sepulcher in today's old tower of Mettlach Abbey . The original document from Bishop Ruotbertus is only available today as a copy from the time of Archbishop Albero von Montreuil (12th century) and is confirmed in terms of content by the document from Archbishop Theodoric II of Trier (13th century).

The place name Fraulautern is derived from the women, i.e. the nuns of the monastery, and probably from the Celtic word "Lutra" for "swampy stream". What is meant here is a location at the confluence of the Fraulauterner Bach into the Saar .

Founding of a monastery

In 1129, the noble Adalbert, who allegedly resided on the Tiefenbach estate in the neighboring town of Ensdorf , handed over his possessions in Fraulautern to the Archbishop of Trier, Meginher von Falmagne , so that the monks from the Mettlach Abbey could build a church and a monastery in what is now Fraulautern . Adalbert could belong to the Saarbrücken count family .

Tradition tells that Adalbert lost his little son while hunting, who got lost in the large woods in the area. Since all searches for the missing child were unsuccessful, the desperate Adalbert made the vow that he would found a monastery at the place where he would find his son alive or dead. When the body of the child was found two years later at the confluence of the Fraulautern brook in the Saar, the nobleman built a first chapel on his Allod Lutre in honor of the Holy Trinity and in memory of his dead child, which became the nucleus of the later monastery Was wives. This tradition is documented in a document from Archbishop Hillin von Falmagne of Trier from 1154. However, since the building site at the confluence of the Fraulauterner Bach into the Saar was unsuitable, the site of the monastery was relocated a little higher on the banks of the Saar.

The Mettlach Abbey, about 25 km from the present-day town of Fraulautern, hesitated to set up a branch in what is now Fraulautern. Monks from Mettlach came to the village, but no monastery was built. The noble founder Adalbert bought back his foundation for 15 pounds and gave it to the Archbishop of Trier, Albero von Montreuil. The Archbishop of Trier then installed an Augustinian monastery in Fraulautern around 1142 by sending monks from the Springiersbach Abbey to Fraulautern on the Saar. Archbishop Hillin von Falmagne established a noble chapter in 1154 , which was confirmed on January 23, 1155 by Pope Hadrian IV , who came from England . The protection of the Fraulautern monastery with all persons and goods against any third party claims was granted in 1249 by Pope Innocent IV , in 1334 by Pope Johannes XXII. , in 1342 by Pope Clement VI. and in 1354 by Pope Innocent VI. approved.

However, the monastery chronicle reports that the Springiersbach monks, neglecting their duties, abandoned women after a few years.

Settlement of nuns

Around the year 1160, the Fraulautern Abbey was evidently occupied by Augustinian nuns (sanctae sorores), who gave Lautern its current name, Fraulautern. The name Fraulautern is mentioned in writing for the first time in a deed of sale from the court of Sensweiler (Synnswilre) on May 4, 1280.

The monastery with the patronage of the Most Holy Trinity and the Blessed Virgin Mary was located on the site of today's primary school "In the old monastery" near the banks of the Saar. At that time both monks and nuns lived in a double monastery (dominae et fratres) in Fraulautern. The educated Cistercian monk and novice master in the Cistercian monastery Heisterbach near Königswinter , Caesarius von Heisterbach, reports about the women's monastery Fraulautern that only girls under the age of seven would have been accepted. The candidates also had to prove that their ancestors came from the nobility up to the fourth member. The women's convent was a noble women's monastery. The first seal of the monastery, dating from 1225, shows the symbol of the "Most Holy Trinity", under whose patronage the monastery stood.

As early as the 12th century, the parents of the aristocratic pupils began to express the opinion that the strict laws of personal monastic poverty should not be imposed on their daughters in Fraulautern and that the income from the aristocratic foundations made upon entry should only be available to the respective family member for life . Thus the ideal of the usual monastic poverty was practically abandoned and a development was initiated that would shape the monastery until its forced dissolution.

The number of noble nuns in the abbey was always small. It fluctuated between three to ten so-called "dominae".

A first abbey seal has come down to us from 1225. It shows Christ enthroned with a Latin cross in his right hand and a closed book in his left hand. To the left and right of the backless throne, three-leaved plant shoots sprout from the hatched soil. The representation of Christ is flanked on both sides by lying crescent moon with six-pointed stars above. The inscription of the seal reads: "S (IGILLUM) CONVENTUS S (AN) C (TA) E TRINIT (ATIS) IN LUTREA". The almond-shaped abbess seal shows a standing female figure surrounded by the inscription "S (IGILLUM) MAGISTRE DE LUTREA". It also dates from the 13th century.

Monastery property

Leases , parish church St. Maximin and the fourteen helpers in need , Joseph's altar, foundation of the Fraulautern abbess and leaseholder Johanetta von Wiltz (1617–1622); the arms of their ancestors Wiltz and Bayr von Boppard flank the Predella zone

The possessions of the abbey were widely scattered throughout the Saar region, but especially in the area around Fraulautern, but also in Lorraine, in the area around the episcopal city of Trier on the Moselle and in the Archdiocese of Mainz. Thanks to pious donations, the property of the convent steadily increased over time, which benefited the reputation and power of the noble abbess von Fraulautern.

Most important was the donation of the tithe and the patronage to Schwarzenholz, which the Lords of Hunolstein gave to the abbey in 1235. This donation was the basis for the later imperial rule belonging to the monastery.

In addition, the abbey owned the seventh part of the Lebach lordship , which it was presumably given in 1270 by a gift from Gerlach called Crippin von Schwarzenberg. Further tithe and patronage existed in Reisweiler , Schwalbach , Lebach, Hasborn , Lachten and Sensweiler as well as in what are now the French villages of Dentingen and Wellingen near Creutzwald in Lorraine.

The bailiff's sovereignty over the Abbey Fraulautern was initially incumbent on the Counts of Saarbrücken. In 1581 the counts of Saarbrücken had to cede this office to the Duchy of Lorraine .

The monastery areas were cultivated by servants and tenants and the income had to be handed over to the nuns in Fraulautern every year. The peasants were also obliged to do tithe and labor services. In return, it was up to the abbey to maintain the churches in the places it owned and to ensure that the services and the sacraments are administered by local priests.

Monastery building

East wing with Romanesque windows
Location of the Fraulautern Abbey, Carte des environs de Sarrelouis, 1765 (Saarlouis City Museum and City Archives)

With regard to the preserved buildings, three main construction periods can be determined. Today's east wing and the west gable of the former church can be assigned to the 12th century founding structure. The center of the first complex must have been a first cloister, because in 1367 an "Eternal Lamp" was supposed to burn in the area in front of the St. Martin's Chapel due to a donation from Trier Archbishop Boemund II of Saarbrücken . Perhaps the great room with the Romanesque windows is the former chapter house . In the middle of the 16th century, the monastery was built with a protective wall and a defensive moat to protect against raids. The east wing was connected to the monastery church through the sacristy. It is accessible from the courtyard through an arched entrance and is flanked by two Romanesque window groups. The windows have an inlaid round bar in the wall and are coupled on a column with corner leaf bases and cube capitals. A large round arch with a round rod brings both together.

Under the abbess Johannette von Wiltz (1617–22) the entire monastery building was extensively renovated. The west and south wings and a newly vaulted cloister date from this period. Johannetta von Wiltz immortalized herself in the keystones of the vaults with the letters I (OHANNETTA) D (E) W (ILTZ) A (BBATISSA). Another, indefinite measure took place in 1674.

The west wing shows large walled, profiled round arches on the ground floor, which rest on heavy pillars. The windows close rectangular on the inside and segment arches on the outside. The southwest corner protrudes with a corner turret.

  • Gravestone of an abbess from the west gable of the monastery church

  • Gravestone of an abbess from the west gable of the monastery church

  • Gravestone of an abbess from the west gable of the monastery church

With the construction of the baroque monastery church in 1739 at the instigation of the abbess Marie-Therèse Freifrau von Saintignon, all windows of the monastery complex were enlarged and parts of the south wing were renewed. The construction work dragged on until 1759. In the west wall of the former monastery church, three gravestones from the 18th century that are now badly damaged are set. These are the gravestones of the abbesses Anna Elisabet von Metzenhausen (1708–1720), Anna Maria von Geispitzheim (1720–1730) and Marie-Therèse Freifrau von Saintignon (1730–1757).

First parish church

  • Fraulautern, old parish church "Heiligste Dreifaltigkeit" from the 16th century, today St. Apollonia's cemetery chapel

  • Fraulautern, St. Apollonia chapel, interior with octagonal central pillar and late Gothic vault in the pre-war state

  • Fraulautern, St. Apollonia Chapel with Romanesque tower after reconstruction

The church at Lutrea was one of the parishes that made pilgrimages to the grave of St. Lutwinus in Mettlach around the year 950 . As evidenced by a seal with the enthroned Mother of God from 1289 with the inscription "Bruno Decanus Christianitatis de Lutrea", the seat of a deanery was located here. A pastor is mentioned in a document for the first time in 1237. The pastor's residence was, however, the daughter community of Wallerfangen and, since 1780, Beaumarais , to which the parish rights had already passed in 1688. The church was administratively connected to Wallerfangen together with St. Barbara and Niederlimberg and later with Beaumarais. The parish was called "Kirchhofen" to distinguish it from the Fraulauterner monastery area. The parish was legally subordinate to the Abbess of the Abbey of Fraulautern.

For the rural population of the village of Fraulautern, the St. Apollonia Church, now used as a cemetery chapel in Lebacher Strasse, was rebuilt and consecrated as a parish church in the late Gothic style in 1540 instead of an earlier Romanesque sacred building . When it was built in 1540, the old Romanesque tower has been preserved to this day. This Fraulauterner parish church, which originally bore the patronage of the Holy Trinity like the monastery church, was probably rededicated by Abbess Apollonia von Gressnich (term of office: 1587–1598) in honor of her namesake, the early Christian virgin and martyr Apollonia of Alexandria . The patronage festival of the Fraulauterner Kapelle is the day of remembrance of the saints on February 9th . Major renovations were carried out in 1755 and 1840.

Until it was destroyed in World War II, the church was a two-aisled room with two bays and a western tower and a retracted choir, which closed on three sides. The plastered quarry stone building has a length of 14.45 m and a width of 6.50 m in the light (internal dimensions). The tower rises unstructured to the bell floor with rounded arched sound openings. In the basement it has a small slit window. The entrance to the church is on the south side of the nave. Until it was destroyed in the 20th century, the interior was covered with four late Gothic cross vaults, which rested on an octagonal central pillar. The hollow ribs suddenly protruded from the wall. Only in the choir did they rest on services in the east and on consoles in the west. The keystones showed coats of arms. There was a sacrament niche in the choir. On statues were a representation of the Mother of God with child and St. Apollonia from the 18th century in the church for the worship of the faithful. In the apse a neo-Gothic crucifixion group was placed on the altar until it was destroyed. As in the Beruser Orannakapelle chapel the Fraulautern-church parish Hofener two iron crowns that you sat with physical suffering, and prayed with the performance of prayers relief possessed.

Until 1814, when the Fraulautern monastery church was rededicated as a parish church, St. Apollonia was the parish church of Fraulauterns. After severe destruction during the shelling by the US Army from 1944 to 1945, the St. Apollonia Church was secured under the tenure of Pastor Josef Gilles (1921 to 1948) and under Pastor Alois Pyroth (1948 to 1970) ) rebuilt between 1953 and 1954. The earlier late Gothic pointed arch of the 16th century was replaced by a simple flat wooden ceiling.

Baroque monastery church

Portal of the former monastery church, today access to the school yard of the elementary school

In 1739, at the instigation of the abbess Marie-Therèse Freifrau von Saintignon (term of office: 1730–1757), construction of the baroque monastery church began after the Apollonia chapel had become too small for the growing population. It was built on the same site as the old monastery church, which was badly damaged in the turmoil of the 17th century. The monastery church in Fraulautern was - like the monastery itself - consecrated to the patronage of the Holy Trinity . The church closed on three sides on the outside, but the inside of the choir was semicircular. On the west gable, which is still preserved today, rose a square slate roof turret with an open lantern. At the time of the demolition of the baroque sacred building at the end of the 19th century, however, this shape of the roof turret was no longer the original. The preserved portal with columns and pilasters in the north wall of the former church has an entablature with a block frieze and a triangular gable above. The old west gable of the Romanesque church is still preserved. It is made of sandstone blocks and shows in the upper part three walled up arched windows with stepped walls.

The interior of the church had an ornamental gallery, while the walls were adorned with stucco medallions with images of the Pope. The richly carved choir stalls were made by Jean Baptist de Goyau from Strasbourg in 1787 (today owned by the Villeroy family in Wallerfangen). The baroque monastery church was used as a parish church by Fraulautern from 1814. The new church had three altars, three bells, three chalices and a silver monstrance .

A small room, which accommodated the sacristy, was connected to the monastery church in the northeast.

Dissolution of the monastery in the French Revolution

With the flight of Abbess Sophia von Neuenstein and the nunnery on February 23, 1791 from the troops of the French Revolution to Schwarzenholz on imperial German territory and the subsequent abolition of the monastery, the centuries-old monastery tradition of Fraulautern ended. At that time, the monastery comprised a main and sleeping quarters, the provost's apartment, a monastery chapel in the house itself, a building to receive the taxes ( taxes ) of the population, the monastery church and a cloister with a courtyard, a mill, stables for horses and small animals, Barns and sheds, wagon sheds and the baroque gate construction. The convent house included a meeting room, a reception room, the refectory, a kitchen, a fruit room, an apartment and the convent school in the basement. The upper floor contained the canons' living quarters, eight guest rooms, a dormitory and a bath room.

The refugee nuns first settled in their Schwarzenholzer Hofgut and set up a convent chapel here with the approval of the Archbishop of Trier. From Schwarzenholz, the abbess protested in writing to the address of the French revolutionary government in Paris . But in 1793 Schwarzenholz was also occupied by the French. The nuns then fled to Trier and from there to Würzburg . From Würzburg the abbess also tried to maintain the right of collature in the Saarland possessions, for example the occupation of the pastorate in Hasborn with pastor Matthias Ewen from Düppenweiler in 1798. The nuns took important documents from the monastery archives with them to Würzburg. From there, they end up in the hands of private collectors and then in various archives, such as the Fürstlich Fürstenbergische Hofbibliothek in Donaueschingen or the Saarland State Archives .

Auction of the monastery property

Convent building now used as a primary school

The extensive Fraulautern monastery estates were confiscated in the name of the French nation and misused. The entire monastery property with monastery buildings, land, quarries, mills, barns, stables, orangery, ponds, orchards, etc. a. m. was publicly auctioned on September 1, 1796 (15th Fructidor of year IV). The buyer was the dealer Andreas Rouply from Oberlimberg and his wife Margarethe Fourmann, who paid a total of 24,000 francs for the monastery property and then resold individual goods piece by piece. In 1817 a tannery was set up in the former monastery buildings . In the following year 1818 a military cooking establishment was added, in 1823 a beer brewery and later stables, the parish apartment, a parish hall, the school, apartments and a tin goods factory. Andreas Rouply sold a large part of the valuable church inventory. The elaborate baroque paneling of the church stalls from 1787 and the paintings of the four evangelists are now in Villeroy de Galhau Castle in Wallerfangen .

Monastery church becomes parish church

Fraulautern Abbey, engraved around 1865, in the foreground the new railway line on the Saar, on the left the monastery mill, in the middle the baroque monastery church, on the right the gate

In 1814 the former monastery church was designated as a parish church, although at that time all the monastery buildings were still privately owned. It was not until February 5, 1818, that the owner Andreas Rouply and his sons Michael and Heinrich sold the former monastery church to the then independent community of Fraulautern for 10,000 francs and 2,520 thalers Preussisch-Courant, respectively. For years, the municipality had to sell construction and timber from the municipal forests in public auctions to pay the purchase price.

In addition to the purchase price, the Fraulautern parish had to grant their sons Michael and Heinrich Rouply parish rights and provide them with pews for six people in the church. The monastery church then served as a parish church for 80 years. From 1820 onwards, the Rouply family auctioned off the rest of the Fraulautern monastery property piece by piece on their estate in Oberlimberg “when the light went out” (acceptance of offers until a candle had burned down).

organ

In 1677 an organ was built on the basis of a donation from Homburg canon Johann Peter Ernst von Halley. The church organ , purchased by Pastor Heinrich Feiten in 1874, came from the Heinrich Wilhelm Breidenfeld company . The rather small instrument was moved to the neo-Gothic predecessor of today's Trinity Church , which was destroyed in the Second World War , in 1895 after the baroque monastery church was demolished , where its sound could be heard until another organ was purchased in 1925. In 1925 it was sold to the parish Maria Himmelfahrt in Geislautern for 5000 Reichsmarks . It was there until 1951, when a new organ replaced the Breidenfeld organ. Parts of the old pipework are built into today's pipe organ in Geislautern.

New building of a neo-Gothic church

In 1895 the baroque monastery church was demolished in connection with the new building of the neo-Gothic parish church by the Roden architect Hector. The schoolyard (approx. 20 × 25 m in total) of the Fraulautern elementary school is located at the place where the monastery church once stood . The baroque paneling of the broken church is now in Wallerfangen in the castle of the Villeroy family. Simultaneously with the demolition of the baroque monastery church, a neo-Gothic parish church was built in the town center according to the plans of the architect Wilhelm Hector , who came from Roden .

Destruction and rebuilding of the parish church

Hector's neo-Gothic church was destroyed in World War II. In the years 1949–1950, today's parish church of the Holy Trinity was built according to the plans of the Saarwellingen architects Heinrich Latz and Toni Laub in the style of abstraction historicism . In today's church, two baroque angel figures from the former monastery church flank the tabernacle in the left choir side chapel.

Destruction of the monastery buildings during World War II and reconstruction

Memorial plaque for the reconstruction after the Second World War

During the artillery bombardment by the US Army in the winter of 1944/1945 of the Second World War , the former monastery was badly damaged and burned down to the surrounding walls. After the end of the war, it was rebuilt while preserving the old components and today serves as a primary school for women. The Romanesque west gable of the former monastery church has been restored. The gateway to the Palais Soubise northwest of the monastery also suffered severe damage. It was restored to its old form in 1950. The ruin of the associated residential wing was demolished.

Memorial plaque from 1620 from the time of Abbess Johannette von Wiltz

Behind the school building there is a school garden on the site of the former monastery cemetery . The former monastery buildings were extensively renovated between 2010 and 2012. The former building, in which the feudal taxes of the monastic subjects were collected, now serves as an auditorium in which a school service takes place at the beginning of the school year. Of a total of three towers of the monastery ( church tower of the monastery church, bell tower of the monastery chapel, another lookout and bell tower) one has been preserved. It is used as a classroom . The spire shows the monastery coat of arms , a cross and a flag with the date the monastery was founded.

Baroque gatehouse

Middle part of the gatehouse of the Abbey of Fraulautern; formerly apartment of Anna Viktoria Marie Christine von Hessen-Rheinfels-Rotenburg; left wing damaged in World War II, then broken off

In addition to the houses surrounding the cloister courtyard, the gatehouse still exists today . It served as the apartment of Anna Viktoria Marie Christine von Hessen-Rheinfels-Rotenburg (1728–1792), the third wife of Charles de Rohan , who was exiled from 1759 to 1763 , prince de Soubise . The building had been built because the princess did not agree to stay in the actual monastery building herself. The construction of a palace was not fully completed because the west wing adjoining the central gate was missing. Today's gate is two-story. It has corner blocks and a hipped mansard roof. The gateway closes with a segmented arch and is framed by pilasters with a cornice. The upper floor, which is separated from the drive-through floor by a cornice, opens up in three windows with a delicate profile. They close in segmental arches and have keystones. The originally existing eight-axis east wing of the gatehouse was built in rubble stone in the basement and in plastered half-timbering on the upper floor. It was demolished after being destroyed in World War II and not restored.

Abbesses

The following abbesses worked in the abbey:

  • 1154–1174:?
  • around 1160: Margarethe
  • 1169–1197:?
  • around 1225: Master J.
  • 1225-1236:?
  • 1241: Berta
  • 1260: Jutta
  • 1262-1269:?
  • 1269-1279: Gertrud
  • 1289: Elsa
  • 1296: Havils Nonneyer
  • 1299, 1303: Mathilde von Herbitzheim
  • 1308-1312: Hanvela
  • 1312–1335: Elisabeth of Saarbrücken
  • 1353-1344: Hildegarde
  • 1344: Esebet
  • 1354:?
  • 1357-1373: Gudela
  • 1395: Aleyt von Castel
  • 1403: Lysa von der Neuerburg
  • 1406, 1443: Katharina von Wolfstein
  • 1448–1472: Margarethe von Huntingen
  • 1472–1492: Katharina von Bettingen
  • 1492–1507: Eva Huberissen von Schellodenbach ( Schallodenbach )
  • 1507–1522: Margarethe von Wolfstein / Gertrud Brederin von Hohenstein
  • 1550–1560: Hildegard von Becheln
  • 1565–1587: Margarethe von Bübingen / Apollonia von Gressnich
  • 1587–1598: Apollonia von Gressnich / Agnes Braun von Schmidtburg
  • 1617–1622: Johanetta von Wiltz
  • 1622–1626: Anna Maria von Geispoltzheim
  • 1626–1633: Gabriele de Braubach
  • 1646–1677: Dorothea Braun von Schmidtburg
  • 1677-1691: Carolina von Hagen
  • 1691–1695: Arnolda Elisabeth von Weller
  • 1700: Odilia Braun von Schmidtburg
  • 1708: AE von Metzenhausen
  • 1720–1730: AM von Geispitzheim
  • 1730–1757: Maria Theresia de Saintignon
  • 1757–1773: Maria Helene von Rathsamshausen
  • 1773–1791: Sophie von Neuenstein

Archival material

  • State Main Archive Koblenz
  • Saarlouis City Archives
  • Saarlouis district archive
  • Parish archive Schwarzenholz
  • City Archives Trier
  • Dillingen parish archive
  • Archives Departementales Metz
  • Archives Departementales Nancy
  • Episcopal Archives Basel in Solothurn, church register Emmersweiler (Warndt)
  • P. Wehr: Handwritten chronicle of the parish Trinity Fraulautern until around 1860, parish archive Fraulautern
  • Princely Fürstenberg Court Library in Donaueschingen

literature

  • Eduard Ausfeld: The beginnings of the Fraulautern monastery near Saarlouis, in: Yearbook of the Society for Lorraine History and Archeology, Metz 1900.
  • Georg Baltzer: Historical notes on the city of Saarlouis and its immediate vicinity, Trier 1865.
  • Philipp de Lorenzi: Contributions to the history of all parishes of the Diocese of Trier 1887.
  • Stefan Flesch: The monastic written culture of the Saar region in the Middle Ages (publications of the Commission for Saarland State History and Folk Research 20), Saarbrücken 1991, pp. 72-79. on-line
  • Guido Fontaine: Primary school in the old monastery Saarlouis-Fraulautern, festival book for the anniversary "250 years of school in Fraulautern" 1743-1993, Saarlouis-Fraulautern 1993.
  • F. Pauly: The women's monastery Fraulautern, in: Paulinus 7/1967.
  • R. Rudolf Rehanek: Abbey Fraulautern, Saarbrücken 1930.
  • R. Rudolf Rehanek: History of the district town of Saarlouis, Volume 1: The noble women's abbey and the village of Fraulautern, Saarlouis 1978.
  • Saarforschungsgemeinschaft (ed.): The art monuments of the Ottweiler and Saarlouis districts, edited by Walter Zimmermann, 2nd, unchanged edition from 1934, Saarbrücken 1976, pp. 188–197.
  • Document book on the history of the Middle Rhine territories, now forming the Prussian administrative districts of Coblenz and Trier, ed. by Heinrich Beyer, (vol. 2. edited by Heinrich Beyer, Leopold Eltester and Adam Goerz.-vol. 3. edited by Leopold Eltester and Adam Goerz), Coblenz 1860–74.
  • Gerd Zöhler: The noble women of Lautern, The former monastery near Saarlouis and its relationships with Hasborn, in: Saargeschichten 4/2013, pp. 30–33.

Web links

Commons : Abbey Fraulautern  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Bernhard Kirsch: Article "Why is the Saar called" Saar "or who was there before the Celts?", In: Our home, bulletin of the Saarlouis district for culture and landscape, 41st year, issue No. 2, 2016, p. 45–56, here p. 49.
  2. ↑ Saarforschungsgemeinschaft (Ed.): The art monuments of the Ottweiler and Saarlouis districts, edited by Walter Zimmermann, 2nd, unchanged edition from 1934, Saarbrücken 1976, p. 191.
  3. ↑ R. Rudolf Rehanek: History of the town of Saarlouis, Volume 1: The aristocratic woman abbey and the village Fraulautern, Saarlouis 1978, pp 17-19.
  4. ↑ R. Rudolf Rehanek: History of the town of Saarlouis , Volume 1: The aristocratic woman abbey and the village Fraulautern . Saarlouis 1978, pp. 17-21.
  5. ↑ Gerd Zöhler: The noble women of Lautern, The former monastery near Saarlouis and its relationships with Hasborn, in: Saargeschichten 4/2013, pp. 30–33, here s. 31.
  6. ↑ R. Rudolf Rehanek: History of the town of Saarlouis, Volume 1: The aristocratic woman abbey and the village Fraulautern, Saarlouis 1978 S. 98th
  7. ^ Caesarius von Heisterbach: Dialogus Miraculorum, Liber VVV, c. 51.
  8. ↑ R. Rudolf Rehanek: History of the town of Saarlouis, Volume 1: The aristocratic woman abbey and the village Fraulautern, Saarlouis 1978 S. 98th
  9. ↑ R. Rudolf Rehanek: History of the town of Saarlouis, Volume 1: The aristocratic woman abbey and the village Fraulautern, Saarlouis 1978, pp 234-245.
  10. ↑ Gerd Zöhler: The noble women of Lautern, The former monastery near Saarlouis and its relationships with Hasborn, in: Saargeschichten 4/2013, pp. 30–33, here s. 31.
  11. ↑ Saarforschungsgemeinschaft (ed.): The art monuments of the Ottweiler and Saarlouis districts, edited by Walter Zimmermann, 2nd, unchanged edition from 1934, Saarbrücken 1976, p. 192.
  12. ↑ Saarforschungsgemeinschaft (ed.): The art monuments of the Ottweiler and Saarlouis districts, edited by Walter Zimmermann, 2nd, unchanged edition from 1934, Saarbrücken 1976, p. 192.
  13. ^ Saarforschungsgemeinschaft (ed.): The art monuments of the Ottweiler and Saarlouis districts, edited by Walter Zimmermann, 2nd, unchanged edition from 1934, Saarbrücken 1976, p. 223.
  14. ^ Saarforschungsgemeinschaft (ed.): The art monuments of the districts Ottweiler and Saarlouis, edited by Walter Zimmermann, 2nd, unchanged edition from 1934, Saarbrücken 1976, pp. 192–193.
  15. ↑ Saarforschungsgemeinschaft (Ed.): The art monuments of the Ottweiler and Saarlouis districts, edited by Walter Zimmermann, 2nd, unchanged edition from 1934, Saarbrücken 1976, pp. 193–197.
  16. ↑ Saarforschungsgemeinschaft (ed.): The art monuments of the Ottweiler and Saarlouis districts, edited by Walter Zimmermann, 2nd, unchanged edition from 1934, Saarbrücken 1976, pp. 188–191.
  17. ↑ R. Rudolf Rehanek: History of the town of Saarlouis , Volume 1: The aristocratic woman abbey and the village Fraulautern . Saarlouis 1978, pp. 234-237.
  18. ↑ http://www.frau-lautern.de/aus-der-geschichte/kirchen/ , accessed on June 21, 2015.
  19. ↑ Saar Research Association (Ed.): The art monuments of the Ottweiler and Saarlouis districts, edited by Walter Zimmermann, 2nd, unchanged edition from 1934, Saarbrücken 1976, p. 194.
  20. ↑ Saar Research Association (Ed.): The art monuments of the Ottweiler and Saarlouis districts, edited by Walter Zimmermann, 2nd, unchanged edition from 1934, Saarbrücken 1976, p. 194.
  21. ↑ Gerd Zöhler: The noble women of Lautern, The former monastery near Saarlouis and its relationships with Hasborn, in: Saargeschichten 4/2013, pp. 30–33, here s. 31.
  22. ↑ R. Rudolf Rehanek: History of the town of Saarlouis, Volume 1: The aristocratic woman abbey and the village Fraulautern, Saarlouis 1978, pp 237-241.
  23. ↑ Saar Research Association (Ed.): The art monuments of the Ottweiler and Saarlouis districts, edited by Walter Zimmermann, 2nd, unchanged edition from 1934, Saarbrücken 1976, p. 194.
  24. ↑ Kristine Marschall: Sacral Buildings of Classicism and Historicism in Saarland, (publications by the Institute for Regional Studies in Saarland, Vol. 40), Saarbrücken 2002, pp. 232–233 and pp. 464–465.
  25. ↑ Hartwig Beseler, Niels Gutschow: War fates of German architecture, losses - damage - reconstruction, a documentation for the territory of the Federal Republic of Germany, Vol. II: Süd, Wiesbaden 2000, pp. 1081-1083.
  26. ↑ Catalog général des manuscrits des bibliothèques publiques de France. Departments - Tome XLVI. Nancy. Deuxième supplément. In: CCfr. BnF Bibliothèque nationale de France, accessed on August 17, 2013 (French).
  27. ↑ Hartwig Beseler, Niels Gutschow: War fates of German architecture, losses - damage - reconstruction, a documentation for the territory of the Federal Republic of Germany, Vol. II: Süd, Wiesbaden 2000, p. 1083.
  28. ↑ R. Rudolf Rehanek: History of the town of Saarlouis, Volume 1: The aristocratic woman abbey and the village Fraulautern, Saarlouis 1978, pp 129-130.

Coordinates: 49 ° 19 ′ 22.7 "  N , 6 ° 45 ′ 47.3"  E