Alfred Hetschko

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Alfred Paul Hetschko (born August 24, 1898 in Bielitz , Austria-Hungary , † April 18, 1967 in Halle / Saale ) was a German-Austrian music teacher , conductor and composer who made outstanding contributions to the male choir . From 1952 to 1955 he was director of the Halle music academy .

Life

Austrian-Silesian origin and studied music

Alfred Hetschko came from the Austrian-Silesian city ​​of Bielitz, which was located on the Galician border. After elementary school (1904–1909) he attended the KK Kaiser Franz Joseph State High School in the Moravian district town of Mährisch-Ostrau from 1909 to 1912 . After leaving examination ( Matura ) in 1916 at the Evangelical College of Education to Bielsko he served in the First World War as a soldier in the Austrian army .

Then he was first a primary school teacher in Kunzendorf (Lipnik) near Bielitz (Bielsko). From 1921 to 1923 he taught at the evangelical boys' school in Bielitz in the autonomous Silesian Voivodeship . At the same time he studied from 1918 at the Charles University in Prague . In 1922 he acquired his teaching qualification for German and music at high schools. In addition to Paul Nettl in music history, his academic teachers also included Heinrich Rietsch (Prague) and Adolf Chybiński (Lemberg).

Professional positions in areas with a German minority

Music teacher and choir director in Lemberg and Graudenz (1922–1932)

From 1922 he taught at the German secondary school in Lemberg (Lwiw) in the Polish voivodeship of the same name . Hetschko, who had passed his Kapellmeister examination at the Lviv Music Academy, also worked as a guest conductor at orchestral concerts by the Konzertdirektion Türk and the Polish Musicians Association. In 1922 he also took over the direction of the Galician German men's choir "Frohsinn" and, from 1923, of the independent German men's choir in Lemberg. Hetschko also trained a women's choir and a mixed choir as well as smaller ensembles. In addition to art and folk songs, he also had works by classical , romantic and baroque composers and a church program sung. His work inspired the founding of several choirs in the region.

He then became a music teacher at the Goethe School in Graudenz (Grudziądz). The predominantly Protestant student body from West Prussia was brought up there to the German nationality and the loyal citizenship of the Polish state. From 1924 to 1932 Hetschko was music director and organist as well as conductor of the stage orchestra at the amateur theater "Deutsche Bühne Graudenz", which was under the direction of Arnold Kriedte and had its seat in the former Protestant parish hall. It was an afterimage of the stage in Bromberg (Bydgoszcz) and was supported by the Berlin “Verein Heimatattreuer Graudenzer”. At the age of 27, he was elected the first Bundeschormeister of the Association of German Choral Societies in Poznan- Pomerania . He was also director of the Singakademie in Graudenz, which in 1930 merged with the men's choir "Liedertafel". With the Liedertafel he gave public concerts a. a. he performed the oratorios Christ on the Mount of Olives by Ludwig van Beethoven (1927) and The Seasons by Joseph Haydn (1932). He also maintained a close exchange with his Polish colleagues, for example he made music with the Graudenzer Conservatory Director Ignaci Tomaszewski .

School director in Czechoslovakia, Reich Protectorate (1932–1945)

In 1932 he went to Czechoslovakia : until 1933 he worked as a choir and orchestra conductor in Brno . Then he was a teacher at the German school in Kaschau , where he held the position of director in 1933/34. During this time he turned after Rudolf Weidig openly against the aggressive nationalist politics of the Sudeten German Party and its sister party, the Carpathian German Party (KdP). According to his assessment, the KdP suffered a defeat because of Hetschko's activities in the Kaschau municipal election in 1937. The National Socialists later accused and harassed him of this attitude and other violations. On July 1, 1941, he joined the NSDAP ( membership number 8.956.345) and belonged to the NSDAP local group Böhmisch Trübau ( Reichsgau Sudetenland ). He was also a member of the Nazi teachers' association . From 1942 to 1945 Hetschko taught at the secondary school and the teacher training institute in Königinhof on the Elbe in the " Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia ". At the end of the war in 1945, they were forced to move west.

Work in the Soviet Zone and the GDR

Post-war period in the Harz Mountains (1945–1948)

In the Soviet occupation zone , he was then entrusted with the welfare of resettlers ( Aschersleben ) and agricultural surveys ( Quedlinburg ). He also organized cultural events. From 1946 to 1948 he was theater music director and artistic director in Aschersleben. He founded the local district association of the art and literature trade union and the “work of youth”. In addition, helped with the constitution of the working group of the Kulturbund .

Music advisor at ministerial level (1948–1952)

He was then appointed to Halle an der Saale as trade union secretary for music and theater matters. From June 1, 1948, he was head of the music department and senior government councilor in the SED-led Ministry of Education in Saxony-Anhalt . Under his aegis, the school music was reorganized . a. led to the establishment of music schools . In addition, Hetschko received a teaching post in 1949 at the State University for Theater and Music Halle, founded by Hans Stieber . He was also deputy chairman of the peace council of the state government of Saxony-Anhalt and state labor judge .

Under Minister Paul Wandel , he was the main advisor for music in the GDR Ministry for National Education in East Berlin in 1951/52 . From August to September 1951 he also served as the first head of the music department of the State Commission for Art Affairs , from which he left at the end of 1951.

Management positions in higher education (from 1952)

The directorate of the Halle music academy was transferred to him, succeeding Bernhard Bennedik, with effect from April 1, 1952. During this time he was a promoter of contemporary music in Halle. His commitment to school music, however, led to the end of teaching at the music college. After the institution was taken over by the Pedagogical Institute in Halle in 1955, he became professor and head of the music department there (until 1963). He was also from 1953 to 1960 (together with Helmut Mahler ) and from 1961 to May 1965 first chairman of the Halle district board of the art union and deputy chairman of the Halle district board of the Society for the Dissemination of Scientific Knowledge . Hetschko was also a board member of the Intelligence Club in Halle. Hetschko, a member of the SED , belonged to the federal executive committee of the FDGB from 1955 to 1959 under Herbert Warnke .

Hetschko was the author of a biography by Antonín Dvořák (1965). He published articles in daily newspapers and specialist magazines (including music and society ). He also appeared occasionally as a composer (songs, choirs). In particular, he composed works for male choirs .

Awards

In 1961 he was awarded the Handel Prize of the Halle district . In 1963 he received the Patriotic Order of Merit in bronze. He was also the recipient of the Fritz Heckert Medal of the FDGB.

Fonts (selection)

literature

  • Peter Andraschke: Hetschko, Alfred Paul . In: Karl Walter Neumann (arrangement): East Silesian portraits. Biographical-bibliographical lexicon of Austrian East Silesia (= writings of the Upper Silesian House Foundation. Regional history series . Vol. 2). Volume 2: E-H . Gebr. Mann, Berlin 1996, ISBN 3-7861-1858-2 , p. 195.
  • Peter Andraschke: Hetschko, Alfred Paul . In: Sudetendeutsches Musikinstitut (Hg.): Lexicon for German music culture. Bohemia, Moravia, Sudeten Silesia . Volume 1: A-L . Langen Müller, Munich 2000, ISBN 978-3-7844-2799-7 , pp. 542f.
  • Hetschko, Alfred. In: Federal Ministry for All-German Issues (ed.): SBZ biography. A biographical reference book on the Soviet zone of occupation in Germany. Compiled by the investigation committee of freedom lawyers , 3rd edition, Deutscher Bundes-Verlag, Bonn 1964, p. 147.
  • Nina-Kathrin Behr: Hetschko, Alfred (Paul). In: Lutz Hagestedt (ed.): German Literature Lexicon . The 20th century. Biographical-bibliographical manual, volume 17: Henze - Hettwer . Verlag Saur, Zurich u. a. 2011, ISBN 978-3-11-023163-2 , p. 601.
  • Hetschko, Alfred Paul. In: Franz Heiduk : Oberschlesisches Literatur-Lexikon. Biographical-bibliographical handbook (= writings of the Haus Oberschlesien Foundation. Literature series . Vol. 1). Volume 3: Q-Z. With corrections, additions and additions to volumes 1 and 2 . Palatina-Verlag, Heidelberg 2000, ISBN 978-3-932608-61-2 , p. 298.
  • The editor: Allred Hetschko passed away. In: Musik und Gesellschaft , 17 (1967) 6, p. 427.
  • Hetschko, Alfred . In: Horst Seeger : Musiklexikon. In two volumes . Volume 1: A-K . Deutscher Verlag für Musik VEB, Leipzig 1966, p. 389.
  • Rudolf Weidig: Prof. Alfred Hetschko on his 65th birthday. In: Musik in der Schule, 14 (1963) 9. pp. 386–388.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Bielitz . In: Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon . 6th edition. Volume 2, Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig / Vienna 1905, p.  834 .; Bielitz . In: Brockhaus' Kleines Konversations-Lexikon . 5th edition. Volume 1, F. A. Brockhaus, Leipzig 1911, p.  204 .
  2. ↑ Moravian-Ostrava . In: Brockhaus' Kleines Konversations-Lexikon . 5th edition. Volume 2, F. A. Brockhaus, Leipzig 1911, p.  110 .
  3. ↑ a b Peter Andraschke: Hetschko, Alfred Paul . In: Karl Walter Neumann (arrangement): East Silesian portraits. Biographical-bibliographical lexicon of Austrian East Silesia (= writings of the Upper Silesian House Foundation. Regional history series . Vol. 2). Volume 2: E-H . Gebr. Mann, Berlin 1996, ISBN 3-7861-1858-2 , p. 195.
  4. ↑ a b c d e f Nina-Kathrin Behr: Hetschko, Alfred (Paul) . In: Lutz Hagestedt (ed.): German Literature Lexicon . The 20th century. Biographical-bibliographical manual Volume 17: Henze - Hettwer. Verlag Saur, Zurich u. a. 2011, ISBN 978-3-11-023163-2 , p. 601.
  5. ↑ a b c d e f Peter Andraschke: Hetschko, Alfred Paul . In: Sudetendeutsches Musikinstitut (Hg.): Lexicon for German music culture. Bohemia, Moravia, Sudeten Silesia . Volume 1: A-L . Langen Müller, Munich 2000, ISBN 978-3-7844-2799-7 , pp. 542f.
  6. ↑ a b The editors: Allred Hetschko passed away. In: Musik und Gesellschaft , 17 (1967) 6, p. 427.
  7. ↑ a b c d e f g Rudolf Weidig: Prof. Alfred Hetschko on his 65th birthday. In: Musik in der Schule 14 (1963) 9. pp. 386–388, here: p. 387.
  8. ^ Sepp Müller: From the settlement to the resettlement. The Germanness of Galicia, especially Lviv 1772–1940 (= scientific contributions to the history and regional studies of East Central Europe . No. 54). Johann Gottfried Herder Institute, Marburg / Lahn 1961, pp. 177–179.
  9. ↑ Liselotte Ettinger: The Goetheschule 1929–1945 . In: Nordewin von Diest-Koerber , Gerhart Meißner, Hans-Jürgen Schuch (eds.): The city and the district of Graudenz. From 7 centuries of German history . On behalf of the home district of Graudenz Stadt and Graudenz Land in the Landsmannschaft Westpreussen, Münster 1976, pp. 94-102, here: pp. 97f.
  10. ↑ Jürgen Ritter: The German Stage Graudenz 1921-1940 . In: Nordewin von Diest-Koerber , Gerhart Meißner, Hans-Jürgen Schuch (eds.): The city and the district of Graudenz. From 7 centuries of German history . Commissioned by the home district of Graudenz Stadt and Graudenz Land in the Landsmannschaft Westpreussen, Münster 1976, p. 113–122, here: p. 120.
  11. ↑ a b Jürgen Ritter: Die Deutsche Bühne Graudenz 1921–1940 . In: Nordewin von Diest-Koerber , Gerhart Meißner, Hans-Jürgen Schuch (eds.): The city and the district of Graudenz. From 7 centuries of German history . Commissioned by the home district of Graudenz Stadt and Graudenz Land in the Landsmannschaft Westpreussen, Münster 1976, p. 113–122, here: p. 113.
  12. ↑ Jürgen Ritter: The German Stage Graudenz 1921-1940 . In: Nordewin von Diest-Koerber , Gerhart Meißner, Hans-Jürgen Schuch (eds.): The city and the district of Graudenz. From 7 centuries of German history . Commissioned by the home district of Graudenz Stadt and Graudenz Land in the Landsmannschaft Westpreussen, Münster 1976, p. 113–122, here: p. 116.
  13. ↑ Jürgen Ritter: The German Stage Graudenz 1921-1940 . In: Nordewin von Diest-Koerber , Gerhart Meißner, Hans-Jürgen Schuch (eds.): The city and the district of Graudenz. From 7 centuries of German history . Commissioned by the home district of Graudenz Stadt and Graudenz Land in the Landsmannschaft Westpreussen, Münster 1976, p. 113–122, here: p. 115.
  14. ↑ a b Gerhart Meißner: General associations and their institutions . In: Nordewin von Diest-Koerber , Gerhart Meißner, Hans-Jürgen Schuch (eds.): The city and the district of Graudenz. From 7 centuries of German history . Commissioned by the home district of Graudenz Stadt and Graudenz Land in the Landsmannschaft Westpreussen, Münster 1976, pp. 125–127, here: p. 126.
  15. ↑ Otto Heike: The German minority in Poland until 1939. Their life and work culturally, socially, politically. A historical-documentary analysis. O. Heike, Leverkusen 1985, p. 370.
  16. ↑ a b Klaus-Peter Koch: Saxony-Anhalt and Eastern Europe. On the migration of musical personalities. In: Kathrin Eberl-Ruf , Carsten Lange, Annette Schneider-Reinhardt (eds.): Music culture in Saxony-Anhalt since the 16th century. Minutes of the scientific conference on regional music history on September 16 and 17, 2005 in Salzwedel (= contributions to the regional and state culture of Saxony-Anhalt . H. 42). Landesheimatbund Sachsen-Anhalt, Halle 2007, ISBN 978-3-940744-05-0 , pp. 29–51, here: p. 45.
  17. ↑ a b c Hetschko, Alfred. In: Federal Ministry for All-German Issues (ed.): SBZ biography. A biographical reference book on the Soviet zone of occupation in Germany. Compiled by the investigation committee of freedom lawyers , 3rd edition, Deutscher Bundes-Verlag, Bonn 1964, p. 147.
  18. ↑ a b Bettina Hinterthür: Notes according to plan. The music publishers in the Soviet Zone, GDR. Censorship system, central planned economy and German-German relations until the beginning of the 1960s (= contributions to company history . Vol. 23). Steiner, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 3-515-08837-7 , p. 195 / fn. 192.
  19. ^ A b Olaf Kappelt : Brown Book GDR - Nazis in the GDR . 2nd edition, Berlin Historica, Berlin 2001, ISBN 978-3-939929-12-3 , p. 361.
  20. ↑ a b c d Rudolf Weidig: Prof. Alfred Hetschko on his 65th birthday. In: Musik in der Schule 14 (1963) 9. pp. 386–388, here: p. 388.
  21. ^ Bettina Hinterthür: Notes according to plan. The music publishers in the Soviet Zone, GDR. Censorship system, central planned economy and German-German relations until the beginning of the 1960s (= contributions to company history . Vol. 23). Steiner, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 3-515-08837-7 , pp. 194f.
  22. ^ Gilbert Stöck: New music in the districts of Halle and Magdeburg at the time of the GDR. Compositions, politics, institutions . Schröder, Leipzig 2008, ISBN 978-3-926196-50-7 , p. 232.
  23. ^ Network of SED and FDGB archives: FDGB management bodies, bundesarchiv.de, accessed: October 16, 2019.
  24. ↑ Great service to the GDR. In: Berliner Zeitung , September 3, 1963, No. 241, Volume 19, p. 2.
personal data
SURNAME Hetschko, Alfred
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hetschko, Alfred Paul (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-Austrian music teacher, conductor and composer
DATE OF BIRTH August 24, 1898
PLACE OF BIRTH Bielitz
DATE OF DEATH April 18, 1967
Place of death Halle / Saale