Altenthann (Schwarzenbruck)
|
Altenthann
Community Schwarzenbruck
Coordinates: 49 ° 22 ′ 5 ″ N , 11 ° 18 ′ 22 ″ E
|
|
|---|---|
| Height : | 420 m above sea level NN |
| Residents : | 674 (Aug 1, 2017) |
| Incorporation : | January 1, 1972 |
| Postal code : | 90592 |
| Area code : | 09183 |
 Place view
|
|
The church village Altenthann is a district of the community Schwarzenbruck in the district of Nürnberger Land , Middle Franconia / Bavaria .
geography
location
The rural village is about four kilometers east of Schwarzenbruck. Clockwise neighboring towns are Winkelhaid , Grünsberg , Burgthann , Pattenhofen and Rummelsberg .
Natural allocation
In terms of natural space , Altenthann belongs to the main unit for the foreland of the Middle Franconian Franconian Jura , which according to the natural division of Germany (according to Meynen / Schmithüsen et al.) Is part of the main unit group Franconian Keuper-Lias-Land .
geology
Altenthann is located in the south-west of Germany , the geology is shaped by layers of the Black Jurassic Group (Lias) and the Middle Keuper of the Franconian Alb . The topographic high point Auf dem Berge (454 m above sea level ) and the two mountain ranges Mühlberg and Höhe (440 m above sea level ) in the east of Altenthann consist geologically of Lias layers of the Amaltheenton Formation . In the west of the district, coarse-grained sandstones and medium-gray marlstone from the Gryphean sandstone to Numismalis marl formation from the Black Jurassic group are decisive. Quaternary valley fillings occur in the area of the Thanngraben . The Thanngraben is located in a Rhätsandstein gorge. The sandstone gorge with its cliffs is characterized by the Rhaetian layers of the Black Jurassic Group, which are located on layers of the Trossingen Formation (Feuerletten). The red to deep red clay and clay marl stones of the Feuerletten give the landscape its specific character. The gorge was placed under nature protection as a protected part of the landscape due to its scenic beauty and uniqueness and in view of its geological significance . The 2.5 hectare landscape area was designated in 2000 under the name "Thanngraben" by the district office of Nürnberger Land.
ground
The predominantly agricultural open spaces in the west of Altenthann are mainly covered by brown earth . Regosol - and Pelosol - and brown earth soils dominate in the east . The fertile brown earth soils are mainly used for agriculture. The shallow Regosol soils and the hard-to-work Pelosol soils are used as grassland .
In the sandstone gorge of the Thanngraben, gley and other groundwater-influenced soil types with skeletal valley sediments, which mainly consist of sand, are predominant.
climate
Altenthann is in the cool, temperate climate zone and has a humid climate . The district is located in the transition area between the humid Atlantic and the dry continental climate . After the climate classification of Köppen / Geiger Altenthann belongs to the temperate warm rainy climate (Cfb climate). The mean air temperature of the warmest month remains below 22 ° C and that of the coldest month above -3 ° C.
history
Altenthann became Nuremberg in 1504 . Before it was in the Palatinate . In 1535, the Nuremberg patrician Paulus, landlord of Weiherhaus, bought several properties there, including the chapel, and has since called himself landlord of Weiherhaus and Altenthann .
St. Vitus Church
The church, painted in terracotta clay, is located above the Rhätsandstein Gorge and is surrounded by half-timbered houses. As the highest building in the village, the sacred building characterizes the townscape and landscape of Altenthann, as the copper engraving by Christoph Melchior Roth clearly shows. The Protestant parish church of St. Veit is surrounded by a visible moat. The original name of St. Nicholas refers to the former St. Nicholas' Chapel, which was built on the castle rock. The first written mention with the current name of St. Veit comes from the year 1464. A wooden figure and a glass picture in the interior of the church are dedicated to the two namesake Nikolaus von Myra and Veit . The glass painting dates from the first half of the 14th century and depicts St. Vitus. The wooden figure symbolizes St. Nicholas and was created around 1500. In the 17th century, two lightning bolts struck the small church and a subsequent fire damaged the sacred building so badly that the church was rebuilt in 1697 in the Baroque style . The quadrangular west tower has an octagonal wreath floor with a curved dome, a so-called Welsche dome . The church tower is characterized by its low height in relation to the nave roof. The hall church is equipped with a wooden barrel roof and galleries in warm ocher tones on the sides. The altar and the pulpit were made around 1700. The altarpiece shows the four evangelists : Matthew , Mark , Luke and John . The base of the altar, the so-called predella, dates from the early 16th century.
The church of St. Veit was restored in the baroque style in 1995 and adapted to the design from 1697.
The church was a branch of Altdorf and in 1610 received its own pastor. Until 2000, the Grundherr family still had patronage rights . The patronage was associated with a say in the selection of the pastor and the duty to maintain the church ( church building load ).
Altenthann Castle
In the Middle Ages, the church was replaced by a castle , which was the seat of the Reich ministerial von Altenthann. The spurs on a small hill sloping steeply on three sides as well as artificially created neck ditches offered protection from attackers. The Ritter von Thann also took part in the crusades as imperial ministerials . A Hermann von Thann is already documented in 1140 , at that time he was on a court of King Konrad III. The castle was probably built on behalf of the Hohenstaufen , so it was an imperial castle .
Excavations and post holes are evidence of a wooden structure from the 11th century, which was later called Altenthann Castle . In the 11th century, a second wooden castle replaced the first building.
The ministerial offices later changed their seat and moved to the Thann Castle they had built in the town of the same name. The new Thann castle and the older castle coexisted for some time, the old castle became Altenthann.
The lordship of Altenthann came in 1535 to the Nuremberg patrician family, lord of Altenthann and Weiherhaus .
Former parish
With the community edict (1808) Altenthann became a politically independent community, to which the places Pattenhofen and Wallersberg belonged. On January 1, 1972, Altenthann was incorporated with Wallersberg as part of the Bavarian regional reform in Schwarzenbruck, while Pattenhofen came to Burgthann .
Buildings
Population development
- local community
| year | 1910 | 1933 | 1939 |
|---|---|---|---|
| population | 383 | 437 | 444 |
- place
| year | 1987 | 2013 | 2017 |
|---|---|---|---|
| population | 571 | 674 | 698 |
Tourism and leisure
There are numerous Räth gorges around Altenthann . The Franconian Way of St. James leads through the Thanngraben in the immediate vicinity of the St. Veit Church .
literature
- Nuremberg country . Karl Pfeiffer's Buchdruckerei und Verlag, Hersbruck 1993. ISBN 3-9800386-5-3
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b www.schwarzenbruck.de, population figures (accessed on August 20, 2017)
- ↑ Map of the main natural space units and natural space units in Bavaria. Bavarian State Office for the Environment, accessed on January 20, 2019 .
- ^ Geodienst: Landscapes in Germany. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (BfN), accessed on January 20, 2019 .
- ↑ a b Digital geological map of Bavaria 1: 25,000 (dGK25). Bavarian State Office for the Environment (LfU), accessed on January 20, 2019 .
- ^ BayernAtlas: Topographic map. State Office for Digitization, Broadband and Surveying, accessed on January 20, 2019 .
- ↑ BayernAtlas: Geological map of Bavaria 1: 500,000. Bavarian State Office for the Environment, accessed on January 20, 2019 .
- ^ Ordinance on the protected landscape component “Thanngraben”, municipality of Schwarzenbruck. District Office Nürnberger Land, May 18, 2000, accessed on January 20, 2019 .
- ↑ a b Overview soil map of Bavaria 1: 25,000. Bavarian State Office for the Environment, accessed on January 27, 2019 .
- ↑ BayernAtlas: aerial photo. Bavarian Surveying Administration, accessed on January 27, 2019 .
- ↑ Climate. Climate-Data.org, accessed January 20, 2019 .
- ↑ a b c d e f Ursula Naumann: Altenthann in Middle Franconia. Bayerischer Rundfunk, October 21, 2001, accessed on January 26, 2019 .
- ^ A b c d e Dehio Vereinigung eV, Tilman Breuer (ed.): Handbook of German Art Monuments . 2nd Edition. Bavaria I: Franconia. Deutscher Kunstverlag (DKV), Munich, Berlin 1999, ISBN 978-3-422-03051-0 , p. 19 .
- ↑ a b c St. Vitus Church. Evangelical Luth. Altenthann parish, accessed on January 26, 2019 .
- ^ Martin Simon, Friedrich von Grundherr, Matthias Exner: St. Veit Altenthann . Ed .: Evang.-Luth. Parish Altenthann.
- ^ Michaela Moritz: Nürnberger Land . Ed .: House of Bavarian History of the Bavarian State Ministry for Education and Culture, Science and Art. No. 11 . Verlag Friedrich Pustet, Regensburg 2014, ISBN 978-3-7917-2637-3 , p. 42 .
- ^ A b Ernst Werner Schneider: Castles, palaces and ruins in the Nuremberg region . 1st edition. Ernst Werner Schneider, Bad Windsheim 2017, ISBN 978-3-9814383-3-8 , pp. 141 f .
- ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 542 .
- ↑ Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Historical municipality register: The population of the municipalities of Bavaria in the period from 1840 to 1952 (= contributions to Statistics Bavaria . Issue 192). Munich 1954, DNB 451478568 , p. 180 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00066439-3 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing (Ed.): Official local directory for Bavaria, territorial status: May 25, 1987 . Issue 450 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich November 1991, DNB 94240937X , p. 346 ( digitized version ).
