Béla Guttmann

Béla Guttmann
Guttmann in 1925 in the Hakoah Vienna jersey
Personnel
birthday	January 27, 1899
place of birth	Budapest ,  Austria-Hungary
date of death	August 28, 1981
Place of death	Vienna ,  Austria
position	Defense / midfield
Juniors
Years	station
1917-1919	Törekvés SE
Men's
Years	station	Games (goals) 1
1919-1921	MTK Budapest FC
1922-1926	SC Hakoah Vienna	96 (8)
1926	Brooklyn Wanderers
1926-1929	New York Giants	83 (2)
1929-1930	New York Hakoah	21 (0)
1930	New York Soccer Club	22 (0)
1931-1932	Hakoah All-Stars	50 (0)
1932-1933	SC Hakoah Vienna	4 (0)
National team
Years	selection	Games (goals)
1921-1924	Hungary	4 (1)
Stations as a trainer
Years	station
1933-1935	SC Hakoah Vienna
1935-1937	Sports club Enschede
1937-1938	SC Hakoah Vienna
1938-1939	Újpest Budapest
1945	Vasas Budapest
1946	Ciocanul Bucharest
1947	Újpest Budapest
1947-1948	Kispesti AC
1949-1950	Calcio Padova
1950-1951	US Triestina
1953	Quilmes AC
1953	APOEL Nicosia
1953-1955	AC Milan
1955-1956	Lanerossi Vicenza
1956-1957	Honvéd Budapest
1957-1958	Sao Paulo FC
1958-1959	FC Porto
1959-1962	Benfica Lisbon
1962	Club Atlético Peñarol
1964	Austria
1965-1966	Benfica Lisbon
1966-1967	Servette FC Genève
1967	Panathinaikos Athens
1973	FK Austria Vienna
1973	FC Porto
1 Only league games are given.

Béla Guttmann (born January 27, 1899 in Budapest , Austria-Hungary , † August 28, 1981 in Vienna ) was a Hungarian football player and coach . His greatest success were the two triumphs in the European Cup with Benfica Lisbon in 1961 and 1962. He is considered the discoverer of the Portuguese soccer star Eusébio . He is best known as the namesake of the Guttmann curse , with which he is said to have cursed his former club Benfica Lisbon in 1962 as a coach .

Player career

Guttmann began his playing career at the age of 17 in the first Hungarian league at Törekvés SE , before moving to MTK Budapest in 1919 , with whom he won the Hungarian championship in 1920 and 1921 . Even before professional football was officially introduced in Hungary in 1925, many players were covertly collecting high fees. Béla Guttmann moved to Hakoah Vienna in early 1922 . The author Ludwig Tegelbeckers demonstrated that Guttmann's move to Austria took place against the background of a black money scandal in Hungary, during which the illegal payment of a number of players was exposed and punished.

With the purely Jewish team of Hakoah Vienna, Guttmann won the Austrian championship in the 1924/25 season , it was the first professional season in Austrian football. Guttmann was also in the Hakoah-Elf, which on September 3, 1923 defeated the English Cup finalists West Ham United 5-0 on their own place and was the first continental team to ever win a game in England.

With the Wiener Hakoah, who toured all over the world in the 1920s, Guttmann toured the United States in 1926 and, after completing the trip in the North American Soccer League , signed a contract with the New York Giants . In his six years in New York, Guttmann played at five stations for a total of four teams (New York Giants, New York Hakoah FC , Hakoah All Stars Brooklyn , New York Soccer Club ). At the same time, he became a businessman: he organized variety shows for European football players (in which he also participated personally) and was - until the stock market crash in 1929  - a partner in one of New York's largest bars.

In the autumn of 1932, Béla Guttmann left the USA and returned to Austria. For Hakoah Vienna he played again as a player until the end of the 1932/33 season, before Guttmann's four-decade coaching career began in July 1933 at the same club.

Coaching career

As a trainer, Béla Guttmann worked at 24 stations for 18 club teams and one national team (Austria) in 13 countries in Europe, North and South America.

The first major success in Hungary's coaching career was winning the Mitropacup , the historic forerunner of today's Champions League , with Újpest Budapest in the late summer of 1939, just before the outbreak of World War II, during which he was hiding in Budapest.

After the war Guttmann trained first Vasas Budapest (1945), Ciocanul Bucharest (1946), again Újpest (1946/47) and then Kispest Budapest (1947/48). Then Guttmann left Hungary again. In 1949 he went to Italy and trained in the Serie A 1949/50 Padova Calcio and 1950/51 the US Triestina ; he was released early from both clubs. In 1952, according to unofficial sources, Guttmann was active in the coaching staff of the Hungarian national team, which won gold at the Olympic Games in Helsinki .

From January 1953 Guttmann was coach of the Argentine second division team Quilmes AC for six game days . After that, a possible engagement at CA Boca Juniors failed because of his salary demands. In addition, the Mediterranean climate was more suitable for the health of his wife, as was announced. In the same year he coached his compatriot József Künsztler - eight times champion with the club between 1936 and 1949 - for three months in Cyprus APOEL Nicosia .

Béla Guttmann (1953)

From November 1953, Béla Guttmann was coach of AC Milan . In the spring of 1955 he was dismissed after the 19th match day because the team, after an excellent start to the season with only one point loss in the first ten games, was in an uncontrolled descent. Public remarks, such as an incident in which his wife threw a bottle at the wife of his Hungarian coaching colleague Lajos Czeizler , then a coach at Sampdoria , was not helpful. In the end, it was enough that Guttmann refused the press conference after another defeat. At that time, Milan was still at the top of the table, which under his successor Ettore Puricelli could not only be defended, but also expanded again. The last station in Serie A followed in 1955/56 when he was promoted to Lanerossi Vicenza .

His time in Vicenza was mixed and mainly overshadowed by Guttmann's legal problems. In his initial time in Italy, he brought his compatriot Deszo Solti from Vienna to Milan, who in the coming decades, with Italo Allodi , among others , was to be a leading figure at least on the Italian game shift scene . The problems here, however, were more obvious: the coach's Buick was hit by an accident resulting in death and hit and miss in Milan. In 1960 Guttmann was sentenced to one year imprisonment for manslaughter in absentia.

In late autumn 1956 Guttmann joined the Honvéd Budapest exile team . The team around Ferenc Puskás , led by the later Real Madrid and Schalke manager Emil Östreicher , who until then had formed the core of the legendary "golden" Hungarian national football team , was after the Hungarian uprising in October 1956 (which resulted in Guttman she also received Austrian citizenship) did not return from a trip abroad. It went on a South America tour, which Guttmann supervised as a trainer. Puskas and Guttmann were old acquaintances from their time together at Kispest (not long after Guttmann left Kispest in 1948, the team became a team of the Hungarian army and therefore renamed " Honvéd " - Central Sports Club of the Army ). The tour took Honvéd and Guttmann to Brazil . But while the team traveled back to Europe via Caracas in February 1957 and disbanded there, Guttmann moved to São Paulo , where he met with his brother and coached São Paulo FC , which he led to the national championship after initial difficulties after old star and Pelé- Idol Zizinho could be signed by Bangu AC (RJ). The SPFC would have liked to keep him, but Guttmann protested that his wife couldn't take the weather, which he did elsewhere.

Triumphs in Lisbon

In 1958 Guttmann returned to Europe and signed with FC Porto . He and the team won the Portuguese title straight away after a “heart-stopping final”, only to switch to - this time - the inferior competitor Benfica Lisbon .

With Benfica Guttmann won the Portuguese title in 1960 and 1961 . Above all, however, he and his team triumphed in the European Cup , the premier class of European club football, which had been dominated by Real Madrid since its introduction in 1955 . Only Benfica with Béla Guttmann as coach broke through the dominance of the Spaniards. In 1961 , the team defeated FC Barcelona 3-2 in Bern. The following year there was a direct showdown with Real Madrid in Amsterdam. The 1962 final is still considered to be one of the best in the history of European football. Real Madrid were literally overrun by Guttmanns Benfica, after initially leading the Madrilenians, 2: 0 or 3: 2, the furious Benfica turned the game in the second half and won 5: 3. The match winner was the only 20-year-old Eusébio , who decided the game with his goals to 4: 3 and 5: 3 within three minutes.

In anger, Guttmann left Benfica Lisbon in 1962 at the height of his fame, even before the cup final on July 1 , because he had not been approved for a salary increase. He is said to have resigned under the curse "In the next 100 years Benfica will never win another European Cup".

What followed after 1962 was basically just its gradual decline. Because never again, at any of the following stations, was the trainer able to continue anywhere near what he had previously achieved.

After his quick departure from Lisbon, he soon took over Peñarol Montevideo as the successor to Roberto Scarone , who won three championships in a row with this club, twice the Copa Libertadores, then known as the Copa Campeones de América , and once the World Cup , in which he was Benfica last year rolled over 5-0 in the final, won. Scarone joined the staff of the national team for the 1962 World Cup in Chile. On July 8, Guttman was already sitting on the bench in the semi-final match for the South American Cup against city rivals Nacional , through which Peñarol finally reached the final against the up-and-coming Santos for Pelé after three games . There Guttman failed with Peñarol after results of 1: 2 and 3: 2 in the necessary playoff in Buenos Aires with 0: 3. For Guttmann that was the end of the dream of ultimately winning the World Cup, in the finals against his pre-club Benfica. The vengeance failed.

At that time, the dissatisfaction with Guttmann was smoldering, who made himself understandable with gibberish from Portuguese and Italian and who found it difficult to remember the names of the players. He was accused of errors in the line-up when, for example, he sent winger Julio Abbadie on the defensive, and the more offensive tactics he prescribed for the black and yellow, which meant a departure from the typical Uruguayan style of play, which was primarily designed for counterattack, was criticized . This eventually culminated in the split in October, and it was up to Juan Pelegrín Anselmo to lead Peñarol to the fifth championship in a row. Luciano Álvarez reports that apparently health reasons caused Guttman's withdrawal after the Clásico against Nacional , which he won 4-1 on October 14, 1962 . In addition, Guttmann returned to the Aurinegros for the 1963 season .

Béla Guttmann (November 1966)

In March 1964, Guttmann joined the Austrian national team as team captain , team boss, and even with - as far as possible - a very good record (3/2/1). According to the Austrian author Michael John, publicly expressed anti-Semitic resentments ultimately led Guttmann to give up his post in October disappointed.

From 1965 the star of the coach Béla Guttmann then finally fell. His second engagement with Benfica Lisbon in the 1965/66 season ended at the end of March 1966 with the humiliating expulsion of Guttmann at the site of his greatest triumphs. The subsequent coaching station in Switzerland with Servette Geneva (1966/67) followed the same course: dismissal due to failure in the spring of 1967. Guttmann ended his engagement in Greece with Panathinaikos Athens in 1967 after a few games himself.

In 1973, Béla Guttmann appeared on the football stage for the last time: As technical director at FK Austria Wien and then again as coach of FC Porto, where he finally ended his career as fourth in the Portuguese league in the summer of 1974 at the age of 75.

On August 28, 1981, Béla Guttmann died in Vienna and was buried at the Vienna Central Cemetery.

Gate 4, New Jewish Cemetery, Group 7A, Row 9, Grave Site No. 8

successes

As a player (1916–1933)

• Hungarian national player (3/1), Olympic participant 1924
• Hungarian champion : 1919/20 , 1920/21
• Austrian champion : 1924/25
• Winner of the US Open Cup 1929

As a trainer (1933–1974)

• European champion cup : 1960/61 , 1961/62 with Benfica Lisbon
• Mitropacupieger : 1939 with Újpest Budapest
• Hungarian champion : 1938/39 , 1946/47 with Újpest
• Hungarian cup winner : 1946/47 with Újpesti TE
• São Paulo State Championship : 1957 with São Paulo FC
• Portuguese champions : 1958/59 with FC Porto; 1959/60 , 1960/61 with Benfica Lisbon
• Copa Libertadores : 1962 finalist with Peñarol Montevideo

References

literature

• Detlev Claussen: Béla Guttmann. World history of football in one person , Berenberg Verlag, Berlin 2006, ISBN 3-937834-11-7 .
• Ludwig Tegelbeckers: Béla Guttmann. World wanderers without compromise . In: Dietrich Schulze-Marmeling, Star of David and Lederball , pp. 347–368, Die Werkstatt Verlag, Göttingen 2003, ISBN 3-89533-407-3 .
• Rogan Taylor, Klara Jamrich: Puskas on Puskas. The Life and the Times of a Footballing Legend. Robson Books, London 1997, ISBN 1-86105-083-6 .
• Michael John, Dietrich Schulze-Marmeling: "Cut the Jews". Anti-Semitism in European football . In: Dietmar Beiersdorfer: Football and Racism. Verlag Die Werkstatt, Göttingen 1993, ISBN 3-923478-73-9 , pp. 133-160.
• Jenő Csaknády : The Béla Guttmann story. Behind the scenes of world football. Bintz-Dohany, Offenbach 1964.
• David Bolchover: The greatest comeback: from genocide to football glory - the story of Béla Guttmann . London: Biteback, 2017

ÖFB international matches under team boss Béla Guttmann, together with Josef Walter

Legend

• H = home game
• A = away game
• green background color = victory of Austria
• yellow background color = tie
• red background color = defeat

Games	Victories	draw	Defeats	Gates	TD
5	3	1	1	6: 5	+1

No.	date	Result	opponent		venue	occasion	comment
323	04/12/1964	1: 1	Netherlands	A.	Amsterdam ( NED )
324	05/03/1964	1-0	Hungary	H	Vienna
325	05/14/1964	0: 2	Uruguay	H	Vienna
326	09/27/1964	3: 2	Yugoslavia	H	Vienna
327	10/11/1964	1-0	Soviet Union	H	Vienna

Web links

Commons : Béla Guttmann  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Béla Guttmann - globetrotters without compromise

Individual evidence

1. ^ Brian Glanville : Champions of Europe: The History, Romance and Intrigue of the European Cup , 1991.
2. ^ Archives of La Stampa , La Stampa , Turin
3. ^ WAIS - Vienna Archive Information System - Tectonics. Retrieved May 9, 2018 . 
4. ↑ STANDARD Verlagsgesellschaft mbH: Austria's master trainer: These are Adi Hutter's predecessors . In: derStandard.at . ( derstandard.at [accessed on May 9, 2018]).
5. ↑ Nem em 100 anos o Benfica será campeão europeu novamente '- A incrível maldição de Bela Guttmann on goal.com from May 14, 2014.
6. ^ Marcos Silvera Antúnez: Club Atlético Peñarol - 120, “Directores Técnicos”, Ediciones El Galeón, Montevideo 2011, p. 192f - ISBN 978-9974-553-79-8
7. ↑ Gustavo Martín: Guía Campeonato - Campeones ( Memento of September 3, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) , Observa, Uruguay, August 14, 2010
8. ↑ Luciano Álvarez : Historia de Peñarol , 3rd edition 2010, 424ff
9. ↑ Benfica announces Guttmann, Cabrita new coach . In: Arbeiter-Zeitung . Vienna April 1, 1966, p. 12 ( berufer-zeitung.at - the open online archive - digitized).
10. ↑ Aloys Behler : A footballer woa dös , articles of time of 7 June 2006